• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.861-874
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• 2004

The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal rearing behavior characteristics and elementary school children's Internet use, and to utilize the results as the basic data to develop a program, in which parents learn how to educate their children for better use of the Internet. The subjects were 713 children whose grade are in fourth through sixth in an elementary school. Data were obtained with questionnaires. The instruments employed were Children's Internet Use and Addiction, and maternal rearing behavior characteristics-Rational Guidance, Affection, Authoritarian Control, Overprotection, Achievement Encouragement, and Active Involvement-Scales. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program. They were analyzed by Frequency, Percentage, ANOVA, Duncan's test, and Pearson correlation. The results of this study are as follows: First, 30.2% of the subjects has used Internet for more than three years. 55.6% of the subjects spend less than an hour per day in using the Internet. The two major types of Internet use were playing games(49.9%) and sending e-mails(25.4%). The main reason for playing Internet games was escape from stress(34.7%). 34.5% of the subjects also said that their parents usually encourage them to use the Internet. Second, maternal affection, authoritarian control, and active involvement were significantly different in the types of Internet use. Maternal authoritarian control and overprotection were significantly different in the reasons of doing Internet game. The rational guidance and active involvement of mothers were correlated negatively with children's Internet using time, but their authoritarian control and overprotection were correlated positively with children's Internet using time. Maternal overprotection was correlated positively with parents' encouragement level in the Internet use. Third, the rational guidance, affection, and active involvement of mothers were correlated negatively with children's Internet addiction. In the other hand, maternal authoritarian control and overprotection were correlated positively with children's Internet addiction. Lastly, children's Internet addiction was significantly different by the types of Internet Use and the reasons for doing internet game. Children's Internet using time was correlated positively with children's Internet addiction.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1966

For preliminary estimation of ships' machinery weights, many papers giving well-judged data and discussions for rational method of estimation, such as [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], are available, however, they are mostly concerned with large ships propelled by power more than about 2, 000 horsepower. Regarding the medium and small-sized ships, as far as the author is aware, fragmental data and vague discussions found in various technical literature are the all available. In this paper, available data concerned with machinery weights of commercial ships propelled by direct-drive diesel plants of power below 3, 000 horsepower with single screw propeller are collected and analysed to obtain systematic data Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as weight to power ratio versus power per shaft diagrams together with suplementary data Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. Influences of various factor such as revolutions per minute, mean effective pressure, type and construction of the main units on machinery weights are also investigated in detail to give a better guidance for logical and rational utlization of the proposed diagrams in preliminary estimation of machinery weights.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2016

Purpose: The study was conducted to investigate the effect of career barrier, satisfaction, and career decision making pattern on career search behaviors in male nursing students. Methods: Data were collected through structured questionnaires that included general characteristics, career barrier, satisfaction, career decision making pattern and career search behaviors and were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS/PC+ program. Results: The results of the research suggest the two aspects of career search behaviors as being self-exploration and environmental exploration. The rational pattern, among the types of satisfaction and career decision making pattern, was found to have a meaningful effect on self-expression. On the other hand, dependent pattern, among the satisfaction and career decision making pattern, was found to have an effect on career search patterns. Conclusion: It is considered that, based on the results of this study, diversified approaches that consider individual career decision making patterns such as rational pattern and dependent pattern as well as the methods to enhance the satisfaction of male nursing college students for career guidance are needed.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a parent-child reading interaction program. Based on the importance of the parent-child relationship and the home literacy environment vis-a-vis the extent to which reading is encouraged, and with regard to the existing empirical research in this field, a five-session parent-child reading interaction program has been developed, targeting 18 parents with children enrolled in th lower grades of elementary school. The effectiveness of this program has been evaluated by a pretest and post test and then analyzed by a paired t-test. The findings are as follows: 1) Following the implementation of this program, there were improvements in scores related to the home literacy environment, the encouragement of reading, and the attitude of the child toward reading. 2) In addition, there was an increase in the level of the mother's "rational guidance" parenting while tendencies toward overprotective and hostile parenting traits declined. The importance of the parent-child relationship and home literacy environment concerning reading guidance was discussed.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program on the positive changes of mothers with young children who come from low-income families. It measures their child-rearing efficacy and their child-rearing behaviors. The Seesaw & Swing early intervention program was developed by the Community Chest of Korea [13]. The subjects for this study consisted of 96 mothers (49 in the service group, 47 in the control group) from low-income families. The instruments used were the child-rearing efficacy scale [4] and the child-rearing behavior scale [29]. The results of this study indicated that the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program produced positive effects in child-rearing efficacy as well as in child-rearing behaviors: namely, healthy-rearing abilities, guidance abilities, and discipline abilities in child-rearing efficacy; and affection, rational guidance, authoritative control, encouragement and concern in child-rearing behaviors. In conclusion, for mothers with young children coming from low-income families, the Seesaw & Swing early intervention program can be said to be an effective parent education program, which goes some way towards ending the intergenerational transition of poverty in Korea.

• 아동학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.125-142
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between maternal traditional-modern values, childrearing practices and children's social behaviors. The subjects were 500 fifth grade elementary school children and their mothers, and teachers, and peers in the same classroom. The data were collected through questionnaires on maternal traditional values, perceived maternal childrearing practices, and children's social behaviors. Traditional maternal values focused on familial collectivism and politeness. The major results were as follows: (1) Maternal traditional values were positively related to childrearing practices in both maternal affection rational guidance and authoritarian control. (2) Maternal traditional values did not directly influence children's social behavior but showed an indirect moderating effect through maternal childrearing practices. Implications were discussed in terms of the importance of traditional values on childrearing behavior as well as the development of children.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 토양오염지역의 위해성 평가에 관한 미국, 영국, 네덜란드, 독일, 덴마크의 정책을 비교 분석하였다. 이들 국기는 미국과 18개 유럽 국가들에 관한 유럽연합의 초기 분석 자료를 이용하여 선택하였다. 이로부터 도출한 시사점은 토양오염지역의 조사 및 관리를 위해 각 국가들은 위해성 평가를 이용하고 있으며, 토양질 기준을 정책수 단으로 위해성 평가와 병행하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 외국의 정책과 시사점을 고려할 때, 위해성 평가를 정책 수단으로 이용하고 있지 않은 우리나라에 대해 다음과 같은 정책 추진을 제언할 수 있다. 첫째, 국가적인 차원에서 이용 할 수 있는 합리적인 위해성 평가 방법의 마련이다. 둘째, 부지의 위해성 평가를 토양질의 기준과 연계시키는 것이다. 우리나라의 실정에 적합한 부지의 위해성 평가방법을 마련하기 위해서는 추가적인 자료의 분석을 통한 심층적인 연구가 필요하고, 사회 다양한 계층간의 논의 및 합의가 필요할 것이다. 토양오염으로 간주되는 토양질 기준을 초과하는 부지의 경우에 위해성 평가의 시행을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 위해성 평가는 오염물질의 자연함량이 일반적으로 다른 특정 지역, 예를 들면 광산지역 등에 대해 적용하는 것을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 금번 연구의 결과는 토양 오염지역의 위해성 평가에 관해 우리가 시행해야 할 추가적인 연구 및 정책시뮬레이션의 실행 동기를 함께 제공하고 있는 것으로 우리나라의 토양오염지역을 조사, 복원, 해제에 따른 법, 제도 발전의 한 부문으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.739-747
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• 2016

The rational utilization of crop straw as a raw material for natural gas production is of economic significance. In order to increase the efficiency of biogas production from agricultural straw, seasonal restrictions must be overcome. Therefore, the potential for biogas production via anaerobic straw digestion was assessed by exposing fresh, silage, and dry yellow corn straw to cow dung liquid extract as a nitrogen source. The characteristics of anaerobic corn straw digestion were comprehensively evaluated by measuring the pH, gas production, chemical oxygen demand, methane production, and volatile fatty acid content, as well as applying a modified Gompertz model and high-throughput sequencing technology to the resident microbial community. The efficiency of biogas production from fresh straw (433.8 ml/g) was higher than that of production from straw silage and dry yellow straw (46.55 ml/g and 68.75 ml/g, respectively). The cumulative biogas production from fresh straw, silage straw, and dry yellow straw was 365 l^-1 g^-1 VS, 322 l^-1 g^-1 VS, and 304 l^-1 g^-1 VS, respectively, whereas cumulative methane production was 1,426.33%, 1,351.35%, and 1,286.14%, respectively, and potential biogas production was 470.06 ml^-1 g^-1 VS, 461.73 ml^-1 g^-1 VS, and 451.76 ml^-1 g^-1 VS, respectively. Microbial community analysis showed that the corn straw was mainly metabolized by acetate-utilizing methanogens, with Methanosaeta as the dominant archaeal community. These findings provide important guidance to the biogas industry and farmers with respect to rational and efficient utilization of crop straw resources as material for biogas production.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.851-859
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 생수를 구매할 때 소비자가 필요로 하는 정보를 제공하여 합리적인 구매를 돕는 웹 서비스를 제안하고 그 구현 내용을 소개한다. 생수 브랜드별 제조업체 정보와 제조업체에서 제조하는 생수 브랜드 정보를 본 논문에서 소개하는 웹사이트 또는 전용 모바일 애플리케이션을 통해 사용자에게 본 논문에서 제안하는 서비스를 제공한다. 또한, 제조업체의 상세 정보(소재지, 환경부 수질 평가 등급, 브랜드/용량별 가격 등)를 본 논문의 제안하는 서비스를 이용하는 소비자에게 제공한다. 이를 통해, 본 논문에서 제안하는 서비스를 활용하는 사용자들은 자신에게 필요한 생수를 합리적으로 구매하는 방법을 제공받아, 이를 통해 경제적이고 건강한 소비를 할 수 있게 된다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to find out how middle and high school girls show their clothing attitudes and their life-style. clothing behavior. use their ornaments according to demographic variables. The subject of this study consists o 345 middle and high school girls living in Chung-Nam Province and Taejon Metropolitan City. SPSS/PC+ program was utilized to calculate frequency(N) mean value(M) and standard deviation (SD) for statistical analysis. Differences among the populations are examined through t-test. F-test and X2-test. The results of this study are as follow : 1. Correlation between the life style and demographic variables. Especially. life-style has significant difference(p<. 05) according to type of school. middle school girls have high tendency in the type of modern and fashion. Life-style has significant difference(p< .01) according to level of achievement studying, high level girls has high tendency in the type of practical and secure. 2. Correlation between the clothing behavior and demographic variables. According to type of school. middle school girls showed higher than high school girls in clothing conformity and clothing aesthetics. According to level of achievement studying, high level girls have high tendency in clothing conformity and clothing modesty. 3. Correlation between the use their ornaments and demographic variables. Buying the ornaments, higher-level achievement studying girl’s get information in show window. but lower-level achievement studying girl’s get information in TV or radio. The use of ornaments according to the site of school, most of school girls who live in small city or town use the ornaments as usual school life but school girls who live in big city use the ornaments to look good on their clothes. Following suggestions can be made based on the discussions above: It is necessary for us to have correct understanding about the correlation between the ornaments and clothing of school girls in order to lead them to have appropriate clothing behavior. Furthermore. it is required to construct a bridge linking a course of study to rational habits guidance which will provide us more appropriate tools for clothing behavior guidance.