• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2020

Objective : Due to the rapid aging of the country, the elderly population is increasing and the ratio of face-to-face meetings with the elderly in major areas of occupational therapy is high. The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall perception of the elderly and the status of communication with the elderly. Methods : This survey was conducted From April to June 2020. Occupational therapists who provide interventions for the elderly in hospitals and public health centers across the country were collected using online questionnaires. A total of 91 questionnaires were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, of which 82 were used for data analysis, excluding 9 with insufficient responses. Results : Occupational therapists generally had a lot of negative perceptions of the elderly. In addition, as factors that hindered communication with the elderly, they responded in order of hearing-related, language understanding related, and articulation related. Lastly, occupational therapists were found to induce smooth communication with the elderly in the order of conversation response management, emotional expression, understanding enhancement, and relationship control. Conclusions : Occupational therapists are health care professionals who play a major role in improving the subjects' social participation and quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide professional therapeutic interventions and related education using improved communication skills along with an understanding of the elderly's communication skills and their level of communication.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.304-310
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• 2020

In order to apply a photocatalyst (TiO2) to various building materials, TiO2-mayenite was prepared in this study. The TiO2 was synthesized using the sol-gel method by fixing titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and urea at a ratio of 1 : 1. Later, they were calcined in a temperature range of 400-700 ℃ to analyze the properties according to temperature. BET, TGA, and XRD were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of TiO2. The nitrogen oxide removal test was confirmed by measuring the change in the concentration of NO for 1 h according to KS L ISO 22197-1. The prepared TiO2 samples exhibited an anatase crystal structure below 600 ℃, and TiO2 (urea)-400 showed the highest nitrogen oxide removal rate at 2.35 µmol h-1. TiO2-mayenite was prepared using two methods: spraying TiO2 dispersion solution (s/s) and sol-gel solution (g/s). Through BET and XRD analysis, it was found that 5-TiO2 (g/s) prepared by spraying a sol-gel solution has maintained its crystallinity even after heat treatment. Also, 5-TiO2 (g/s)-500 showed the highest removal rate of 0.55 µmol h-1 in the nitrogen oxide removal test. To prepare TiO2-mayenite, it was confirmed that mayenite should be blended with TiO2 in a sol-gel state to maintain the crystal structure and exhibit a high nitrogen oxide removal rate.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_1
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• pp.1379-1391
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• 2020

UAV in the agricultural application are capable of collecting ultra-high resolution image. It is possible to obtain timeliness images for phenological phases of the crop. However, the UAV uses a variety of sensors and multi-temporal images according to the environment. Therefore, it is essential to use normalized image data for time series image application for crop monitoring. This study analyzed the variability of UAV reflectance and vegetation index according to Aviation Image Making Environment to utilize the UAV multispectral image for agricultural monitoring time series. The variability of the reflectance according to environmental factors such as altitude, direction, time, and cloud was very large, ranging from 8% to 11%, but the vegetation index variability was stable, ranging from 1% to 5%. This phenomenon is believed to have various causes such as the characteristics of the UAV multispectral sensor and the normalization of the post-processing program. In order to utilize the time series of unmanned aerial vehicles, it is recommended to use the same ratio function as the vegetation index, and it is recommended to minimize the variability of time series images by setting the same time, altitude and direction as possible.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2021

The cement clinker, the main raw material of cement, is manufactured using limestone as the main material. Depending on the quality of limestone, the use of subsidiary materials changes, and has a great influence on the production of cement clinkers. In this study, the effect of CaO content of limestone, a cement clinker material, on Raw Mill grinding and sintering of cement clinker was investigated. The grinding time of the union materials changed in the content of limestone CaO was measured to identify the grinding properties. The raw material combination was cleaned within a range of 1,350-1,500℃. The sintering performance of cement clinker by Burnability index calculation was identified. The lower the grade of limestone, the lower the grinding quality of the raw material combination. The lower the CaO content of limestone, the greater the variation in F-CaO for sintering temperature. The lower the class of limestone, the higher B. I. value was calculated, indicating the lower cement clinker sintering. In addition, the mineral analysis results of cement clinker showed that if the F-CaO value was low due to the increase in sintering temperature, the Belite content decreased and the Alite content increased. In the case of Alite, the ratio of R-type decreased and that of M-type increased as the content of limestone CaO increased.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2021

Objectives: We conducted a retrospective chart review to investigate the effects of Korean Medicine (KM) treatment on weight loss in patients with morbid obesity (body mass index [BMI]≥30 kg/m²) and to compare the effects of KM counseling and non-counseling on weight loss. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with morbid obesity who received KM treatment for at least 1 month. We evaluated the effects of KM treatment on body weight, BMI, body fat, fat mass, EuroQol-5D, and the Korean version of the obesity-related quality of life scale (KOQOL). We also assessed the liver and kidney functions, and adverse events. We performed a comparative analysis between the counseling and non-counseling groups. Results: A total of 37 patients who underwent 4 weeks of KM treatment involving Wolbi-tang, electroacupuncture, and KM counseling were included in this study. Twenty-one patients were assigned to the counseling group and sixteen patients to the non-counseling group. There was a significant decrease in weight, BMI, fat mass, and KOQOL (P<0.05) with improvements in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. The counseling group had a greater reduction in body weight, BMI, body fat, and fat mass compared to the non-counseling group, although it was not significant. In the BMI below 35 (n=25), the reduction ratio of body weight, body fat mass, and body fat was higher in the counseling group than in the non-counseling group; additionally, body fat decreased significantly in counseling group (P<0.05). No severe adverse effects were observed. Conclusion: KM treatment could be effective for weight loss, especially in patients with morbid obesity, KM counseling could also be a good tool for weight loss, typically in patients with BMI<35 kg/m².

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.75-92
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• 2020

In most cases of the water balance analysis, the return flow ratio for each water supply was uniformly determined and applied, so it has been contained a problem that the volume of available water would be incorrectly calculated. Therefore, sewage and wastewater among the return water were focused in this study and the data-driven model was developed to forecast the outflow from the sewage treatment plant. The forecasting results of LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), GRU (Gated Recurrent Units), and SVR (Support Vector Regression) models, which are mainly used for forecasting the time series data in most fields, were compared with the observed data to determine the optimal model parameters for forecasting outflow. As a result of applying the model, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the GRU model was smaller than those of the LSTM and SVR models, and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) was higher than those of others. Thus, it was judged that the GRU model could be the optimal model for forecasting the outflow in sewage treatment plants. However, the forecasting outflow tends to be underestimated and overestimated in extreme sections. Therefore, the additional data for extreme events and reducing the minimum time unit of input data were necessary to enhance the accuracy of forecasting. If the water use of the target site was reviewed and the additional parameters that could reflect seasonal effects were considered, more accurate outflow could be forecasted to be ready for climate variability in near future. And it is expected to use as fundamental resources for establishing a reasonable river water management system based on the forecasting results.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.217-235
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• 2021

As 49% of the world's population uses social media platforms, communication and content sharing within social media are becoming more active than ever. In this environmental base, the one-person media market grew rapidly and formed public opinion, creating a new trend called sell-sumer. This study defined new types of influencers by product category by analyzing the subject concentration of the commercial/non-commercial keywords of influencers and the impact of the ratio of commercial postings on sales. It is hoped that influencers working within social media will be helpful to new sales strategies that are transformed into sell-sumers. The method of this study classifies influencers' commercial/non-commercial posts using Python, performs text mining using KoNLPy, and calculates similarity between FastText-based words. As a result, it has been confirmed that the higher the keyword theme concentration of the influencer's commercial posting, the higher the sales. In addition, it was confirmed through the cluster analysis that the influencer types for each product category were classified into four types and that there was a significant difference between groups according to sales. In other words, the implications of this study may suggest empirical solutions of social media sales strategies for influencers working on social media and marketers who want to use them as marketing tools.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.18-29
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• 2021

Purpose: Patients with hematologic malignancy (HM) typically have a high mortality rate when their condition deteriorates. The chronic progressive course of the disease makes it difficult to assess the effect of intervention on acute events. We investigated the effectiveness of a rapid response team (RRT) on in-hospital mortality in patients with HM. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with HM who admitted to the medical intensive care unit between 2006 and 2015. Clinical outcomes before and after RRT implementation were evaluated. Results: A total of 228 patients in the pre-RRT period and 781 patients in the post-RRT period were included. The overall in-hospital mortality was 55.4%. Patients in the post-RRT period had improved survival; however, they required more vasopressor therapy, continuous renal replacement therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Multivariate analysis revealed that in-hospital mortality was associated with RRT activation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.634; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.498-0.807; p < .001), neurological disease (HR, 2.007; 95% CI, 1.439-2.800; p < .001), sequential organ failure assessment score (HR, 1.085; 95% CI, 1.057-1.112; p < .001), need for continuous renal replacement therapy (HR, 1.608; 95% CI, 1.206-1.895; p< .001), mechanical ventilation (HR, 1.512; 95% CI, 1.206-1.895; p< .001), vasopressor (HR, 1.598; 95% CI, 1.105-2.311; p = .013), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (HR, 1.728; 95% CI, 1.105-2.311; p = .030). Conclusion: RRT activation may be associated with improved survival in patients with HM.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.623-631
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• 2021

The increased transport of marine hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) has resulted in frequent HNS spill accidents domestically and internationally. There are about 6,000 species of HNS internationally, and most of them have toxic properties. When an accidental HNS spill occurs, it can destroys the marine ecosystem and can damage life and property due to explosion and fire. Constructing a spectral library of HNS according to wavelength and developing a detection algorithm would help prepare for accidents. In this study, a ground HNS spill experiment was conducted in France. The toluene spectrum was determined through hyperspectral sensor measurements. HNS present in the hyperspectral images were detected by applying the spectral mixture algorithm. Preprocessing principal component analysis (PCA) removed noise and performed dimensional compression. The endmember spectra of toluene and seawater were extracted through the N-FINDR technique. By calculating the abundance fraction of toluene and seawater based on the spectrum, the detection accuracy of HNS in all pixels was presented as a probability. The probability was compared with radiance images at a wavelength of 418.15 nm to select abundance fractions with maximum detection accuracy. The accuracy exceeded 99% at a ratio of approximately 42%. Response to marine spills of HNS are presently impeded by the restricted access to the site because of high risk of exposure to toxic compounds. The present experimental and detection results could help estimate the area of contamination with HNS based on hyperspectral remote sensing.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.14-25
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• 2021

With the spread of COVID-19 and the government policy of social distancing, the demand for subways and buses is decreasing, whereas the demand for public bicycles and personal transportation is increasing. Hence, research is needed to understand the characteristics of this phenomenon and to prove the statistical reliability of the correlation between the subway and shared bicycle demands. In this study, the correlation between the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and the replacement rate of subway and public bicycle demands was examined, but the statistical significance was not significant. However, during the period of September to December 2020, in which the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Seoul started to increase rapidly, there was a correlation between the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and the replacement ratio. If the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases increases by more than a certain number, public bicycles are expected to play a significant role as alternates to the subways. It is expected that the role of public bicycles will increase, and that it is possible to suggest the direction of transportation operation and policy establishment for the continuation of COVID-19 countermeasures in field demonstration after elementary technology development. It is also expected that this study will suggest a direction for future development and policymaking.