• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-102
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends of saving rates in households (1982-1998). That has increased approximately 50% in all classes and have changed in according to economic development, price indices and economic situations. Demographic characteristics such as income, age and number of family members were the variables which show the differences in saving rates.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.115-125
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the Dentocult SM and LB scores of students and their DMF rate. The subjects in this study were 134 special school students in south Gyeong-sang province. After they were tested to find out their, they received tooth brushing education and preventive treatment. The test, education and treatment were all conducted from March 17 to April 9, 2008. Their oral state was checked and recorded by using a mirror and explorer, and then the data on oral state were analyzed to their DMFT, DT, FT and MT rates. All the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 for Windows program, and independent-samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and crosstabs analysis were implemented to see what differences their disability type, gender, Dentocult-SM scores and Dentocult-LB scores made. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. As for connections between disability type and DMFT rate, the students with mental retardation were similar to the other students in that regard. The mentally retarded students had higher DT and FT rates than the other students, and the MT rate of the latter was higher than that of the former. 2. Concerning the relationship of gender to DMFT and DT rates, the girls had larger DMFT and DT rates than the boys, and the FT and MT rates of the boys were higher than those of the girls. 3. As to links between Dentocult SM scores on the tongue and DMFT, the students whose bacteria was mildly activated had the highest DMFT rate, and the students who had a severely activated bacteria had the highest DT and FT rates. Those who had a moderately activated bacteria had the highest MT rate. 4.Regarding the connection of Dentocult SM scores on maxillyright molar to DMFT and DT rates, the students whose bacteria was severely activated had the highest DMFT and DT rates. Those who had no activated bacteria had the largest FT rate, and the students who had a mildly activated bacteria had the highest MT rate. 5.Regarding the connection of Dentocult SM scores on maxillyleft molar to DMFT and DT rates, the students whose bacteria was severely activated had the highest DMFT and DT rates. Those who had no activated bacteria had the largest FT rate, and the students who had a mildly activated bacteria had the largest MT rate. 6. Regarding the connection of Dentocult SM scores on mandibularright molar to DMFT and DT, FT rates, the students whose bacteria was severely activated had the highest DMFT and DT, FT rates. Those who had a moderately activated bacteria had the highest MT rate. 7. Regarding the connection of Dentocult SM scores on mandibularleft molar to DMFT and DT rates, the students whose bacteria was mildly activated had the highest DMFT and DT rates. Those who had no activated bacteria had the largest FT rate, and the students who had a moderately activated bacteria had the highest MT rate. 8. Regarding the connection of Dentocult LB scores to DMFT and DT rates, the students whose bacteria was severely activated had the highest DMFT and DT rates. Those who had no activated bacteria had a moderately FT rate, the students who had a mildly activated bacteria had a mildly MT rate.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.11
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• pp.55-59
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• 1993

The packed cell volume(PCV) of Korean native goat, volume percentage of red blood cell in whole blood, was reshuffled of 20%, 40% and 60% using autoplasma, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was measured in Westergren tubes at room temperature ($27{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) and low temperature ($8{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). The sedimentation rates of red blood cell obtained are summarized as follows. The erythrocyte sedimentation rates of Korean native goat are accelerated more at high temperature than low temperature. The erythrocyte sedimentation rates of reshuffled Korean native goat upon time are almost linear for several hours. The erythrocyte sedimentation rates of Korean native goat are settled faster at low PCV than higher PCV, i. e., there is a reverse relationshif between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and packed cell volume.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1945-1950
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• 2003

Conceived to acquire personal information for an electronic medical record, the clinical interview contains probing questions. The number and type of inquiries are assumed to fulfill medical protocols, and therefore are deemed essential for treatment - but the rate can and should be controlled. High rates of inquiry merely intimidate the patient and affect replies. The purpose of this paper is to mathematically formulate permissible rates of clinical interviews held during telehomecare virtual visits and designed to avoid patient anxiety. Mental stress is derived as a function of the weight of importance assigned by the patient, virtual visit duration, and the rate of questioning in the direction of greater sensitivity. Two operations are of interest: Collecting and recording information by the provider, and maintaining synchrony of questions and answers by the patient. The Lorentz transformation yields the patient’s view of the operational rates. Conservation of information momentum is postulated and applied before and after replies are recorded. It is shown that the weight of importance designated by the patient to collecting and recording personal information is driven by a singularity that depends on the rate of questioning. The findings should serve as a guideline in interviewer training programs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1761-1766
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• 2005

Solvolysis rates of isopropenyl chloroformate (3) in water, $D_2O$, $CH_3OD$ and in aqueous methanol, ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE), acetone, 1,4-dioxane as well as TFE-ethanol at 10 ${^{\circ}C}$ are reported. Additional kinetic data for pure water, pure ethanol and 80%(w/w) 2,2,2-trifuoroethanol (T)-water (W) at various temperatures are also reported. These rates show the phenomena of maximum rates in specific solvents (30% (v/v) methanol-water and 20% (v/v) ethanol-water) and, variations in relative rates are small in aqueous alcohols. The kinetic data are analyzed in terms of GW correlations, steric effect, kinetic solvent isotope effects (KSIE), and a third order model based on general base catalysis (GBC). Solvolyses based on predominately stoichiometric solvation effect relative to medium solvation are proceeding in 3 and the results are remarkably similar to those for p-nitrobenzoyl chloride (4) in mechanism and reactivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.142.1-142.1
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• 2016

We present bulk diffusion rates of hydroxide ions in amorphous solid water (ASW) at 135 ~ 160 K. Previous researches showed that the diffusion mechanism of hydroxide is different from one of hydronium ions, and this implies that they have different diffusion rates. In ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber, low-energy scattering (LES) was used to measure ion population and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) was conducted for measuring ASW thicknesses. To determine the diffusion rates, a simple model for $H_2O/NaOH/H_2O$ sandwich films was developed using Fick's second law. The measured surface population of hydroxide ions as a function of time was well fitted to the model, and the rates were well agreed to an Arrhenius equation.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.95-108
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• 1996

There are many clinical trials where a large portion of the patients are cured of disease. In such a case, one might be more interested in testing the differences in cure rates rather than other types of differences in failure distribution. For ethical and economic reasons, clinical trials must be repeatedly monitored for evidence of treatment benefit or harm. In this article, we examined by simulation the properties of nonparametric group sequential methods for comparing the cure rates between two treatment groups during the trial in a wide range of alternatives, censoring rates and cure rates.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2018

Despite the importance of mutation rate, some difficulties exist in estimating it. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) data yields large numbers of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which can make it feasible to estimate substitution rates. The genetic substitution rates of Hanwoo and Holstein cattle were estimated using NGS data. Our main findings was to calculate the gene's substitution rates. Through estimation of genetic substitution rates, we found: diving region of altered substitution density exists. This region may indicate a boundary between protected and unprotected genes. The protected region is mainly associated with the gene ontology terms of regulatory genes. The genes that distinguish Hanwoo from Holstein in terms of substitution rate predominantly have gene ontology terms related to blood and circulatory system. This might imply that Hanwoo and Holstein evolved with dissimilar mutation rates and processes after domestication. The difference in meat quality between Hanwoo and Holstein could originate from differential evolution of the genes related to these blood and circulatory system ontology terms.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of $\alpha$-tocopherol and cysteamine with Whitten's medium in supporting the development on in vitro maturation(IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in culture(IVC) on porcine oocytes. When the immature oocytes were cultured of $\alpha$-tocopherol for 40h, the nuclear maturation rates were 39, 4, 52.5 and 54.1%, respectivley. The nuclear maturation rates of treat groups were signficantly (P<0.05) higher than those of non-treat groups. After matureation, the oocytes were inseminated in vitro in medium 199 with ejaculated spermatoza for examination of sperm penetration, polyspermy, male pronuclear(MPN) formation, and cleavage rate. Sperm penetration rates of treat higher than the control groups(P<0.05), and MPN formation rates were significantly(P<0.05) higher on treated groups (24.3~53.1%) than control groups(14.2~21.4%). After insemination, the cleavage rates at 120hr were groups higher than control groups(P<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 1998

Fatigue crack growth rates(i.e. crack initiation and crack growth of short and long crack) are investigated using commercial plates of high strength Al alloy 7075-T651 for the transverse-longitudinal(T-L) direction in air, water and sea water. Also, the evaluation direct current potential drop(D.C.P.D) method and the fractographical analysis by SEM are carried out. Near threshold region, short crack growth rates were much faster than those of comparable long cracks, and these short crack growth rates actually decrease with increasing crack growth and eventually merge with long crack data. Fatigue crack propagation rates in aggressive media(i.e. sea water) increase noticeably over three times those in air. One of the most significant characters in this phenomenon as a corrosion-fatigue causes an acceleration in crack growth rates. Sea water environment, particularly Cl$^{[-10]}$ solution brings the most detrimental effects to aluminum alloy. The result of fractographical morphology in air, water and sea water by SEM shows obvious dimpled rupture and typical striation in air, but transgranular fracture surface in water and sea water.