• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.147-158
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aims to examine the association of depression, suicidal behaviors with smartphone use behaviors among Korean adolescents. Methods: We analyzed data from 'Youth Health and Life Skills Survey' in 2013. The survey was based on self-reported questionnaires distributed to 915 grade 7th and 8th students at four middle schools in Gangdong-gu, Seoul, Korea in 2013 to evaluate the effects of 'Youth Health and Life Skills' program. Depression and suicidal behaviors were measured in terms of the experience rate, and smartphone use behaviors were measured with average hours of smartphone use a day and overindulged behaviors in smartphone use by using 5-point Likert scales. We examined the association of depression and suicidal behaviors with smartphone use behaviors by using t-test and regression analyses. Results: 21.5% of respondents have ever felt depressed or hopeless to lose interest in school life almost everyday for 2 weeks or longer in the past year. The experience rate of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicidal attempt were 21.1%, 6.1%, and 5.7%, respectively. The mean of average hours of smartphone use a day was 3.9 hours, and the mean score of overindulged behaviors in smartphone use was 2.99. The students who have experienced depression and suicidal behaviors were more likely to have more smartphone using time and higher scores of overindulged behaviors in smartphne use than those who have not. Conclusion: We concluded that for preventing addictive or problematic smartphone use behaviors among adolescents we should consider and develop more positive strategies for the moderate use of smartphone than regulatory measures, which include the implementation of skill-based health education program including life skills at schools and the development of smartphone applications useful for resolving mental stress and promoting mental health.

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2022

Korea has relatively less crime than other countries. However, the crime rate is steadily increasing. Many people think the crime rate is decreasing, but the crime arrest rate has increased. The goal is to check the relationship between CCTV and the crime rate as a way to lower the crime rate, and to identify the correlation between areas without CCTV and areas without CCTV. If you see a crime that can happen at any time, I think you should use a random forest algorithm. We also plan to use machine learning random forest algorithms to reduce the risk of overfitting, reduce the required training time, and verify high-level accuracy. The goal is to identify the relationship between CCTV and crime occurrence by creating a crime prevention algorithm using machine learning random forest techniques. Assuming that no crime occurs without CCTV, it compares the crime rate between the areas where the most crimes occur and the areas where there are no crimes, and predicts areas where there are many crimes. The impact of CCTV on crime prevention and arrest can be interpreted as a comprehensive effect in part, and the purpose isto identify areas and frequency of frequent crimes by comparing the time and time without CCTV.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

In order to transmit video data stored in servers with limited bandwidth in IoT environments to many clients, a transmission plan must be established by considering factors such as the number of transmission rate changes, peak transmission rate, and transmission rate changes. This transmission plan is called smoothing, and includes CBA that minimizes the number of transmission rate increases, MCBA that minimizes the number of transmission rate changes, and MVBA to minimize the transmission rate changes. In this work, to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm[16], we compare the proposed algorithm with the existing smoothing algorithms with the peak rate, the number of transmission rate changes, the rate increase, the peak rate utilization, and the average transmission rate with various video data and buffer sizes. The evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm helps to efficiently use the server's finite network resources by establishing a transport plan with the lowest average transfer rate.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2016

Background: Previous research has shown that paramedics are exposed to risks in the form of injuries to the musculoskeletal system. In addition, there are studies showing that they are also at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and psychiatric diseases, which can partly be explained by their constant exposure to stress. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the use of shoulder straps decreases physical effort in the form of decreased heart rate and cortisol concentration. Methods: A stretcher with a dummy was carried by 20 participants for 400 m on two occasions, one with and one without the shoulder straps. Heart rate was monitored continuously and cortisol samples were taken at intervals of 0 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes. Each participant was her or his own control. Results: A significant decrease in heart rate and cortisol concentration was seen when shoulder straps were used. The median values for men (with shoulder straps) at 0 minutes was 78 bpm/21.1 nmol/L (heart rate/cortisol concentration), at 15 minutes was 85 bpm/16.9 nmol/L, and at 60 minutes was 76 bpm/15.7 nmol/L; for men without shoulder straps, these values were 78 bpm/21.9 nmol/L, 93 bpm/21.9 nmol/L, and 73 bpm/20.5 nmol/L. For women, the values were 85 bpm/23.3 nmol/L, 92 bpm/20.8 nmol/L, and 70 bpm/18.4 nmol/L and 84 bpm/32.4 nmol/L, 100 bpm/32.5 nmol/L, and 75 bpm/25.2 nmol/L, respectively. Conclusion: The use of shoulder straps decreases measurable physical stress and should therefore be implemented when heavy equipment or a stretcher needs to be carried. An easy way to ensure that staff use these or similar lifting aids is to provide them with personalized, well-adapted shoulder straps. Another better option would be to routinely sewn these straps into the staff's personal alarm jackets so they are always in place and ready to be used.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.187-199
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• 2018

In this study, only 2,877 men, 2,614 men (44.6%), and 143 women (2.3%) were selected as the subjects who were over 18 years old in response to the health consciousness of the Korean medical panel data in 2012. Emergency of smokers through medical use and medical expenditure data by smoking. The social costs were estimated through medical expenses according to the number of hospitalization and outpatient medical use. The social cost was calculated by summing the social expenditure on health care costs, insurer (corporation) costs, copayment, non - salary, and productivity costs by adopting the social perspective established by the health economist Rice (1968). The rate of annual emergency medical use by smoking status is 7.5% for smokers per 100 people, 9.8 times for use, and 809,003 won for social expenses. The annual rate of hospitalization per 100,000 population by smoking status was 9.6% for smokers per 100 population, 9 times for use, The social cost is 706,870 won. Annual smoking rate by smoking status was 68.6% for smoking, 9 cases for annual medical use,

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.140-146
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• 2013

This experiment was conducted in order to study the physiological characteristics of Sedum takevimense in different moisture conditions. The photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency and the respiratory rate were determined by using a photable photosynthesis system. According to the results, the best illumination range and moisture range were explicitly selected. The highest photosynthetic rate was at $600{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, and after this value, the trend showed a reduction. When the moisture was 11.31%, the photosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency reached maximum value, but the respiratory rate reached maximum value at 7.91%. According to the measured values, the best illumination range was $600{\sim}1,200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and the best moisture range was 7.09~11.31%.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.149-162
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to design strategic hospital service based on each hospital's features. For this study, an assessment was conducted by 398 in-patents of one university hospital located in Seoul. The self-questionnaires, which were investigated from Oct. 15th to 29th in 2008, compared central reception desk with ward reception desk in satisfaction and re-use rate of patients. The major results of this study are as follow. First, according to each reception desk user, they have different satisfaction of it. As for the staff kindness, admission procedure, discharge procedure and manner of staff, those made patients be gratified as well. Second, when it comes to the intention of re-use, there were no significant features between them. Only convenience in admission and discharge procedure, however, was an attractive factor for the recommendation. Third, this study found out the reasons for higher re-use rate of central reception desk users. Regarding service, they were contented with the time for test and treatment. As for the hospital service, they would like to re-use this hospital because of convenient steps of paying interim fee and getting certificates. Forth, this study found out the reasons for higher re-use rate of ward reception desk users. As a point of hospital service view, they responded that respected privacy, hospital facility and general service were good for staying. As for the manner of staff, they mentioned nurses and staff in charge and whole staff members were kind. When it comes to the procedures of patient management, steps of discharge and paying interim fee were convenience. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that providing a ward reception desk service can boost the satisfaction and re-use rate of in-patients. Furthermore, this strategic management method would be good for not only cutting the moving line but also efficient in-patient care system. These results can be used for the strategic hospital marketing field, as well. Even though this study has a limitation of the targeted populations which were only in a ward reception desk running hospital, it can say that having competitiveness in satisfaction of hospital service is good for promoting and differencing each hospital. Consequently, whole general management system would be adjusted first for differencing each hospital; however, this sort of additional factor should be concerned as well. I expect that this study would give meaningful data for designing strategic and differencing marketing method to lots of hospitals.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.84-90
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• 1982

In this paper we exploit the use of the intermittent property of speech to reduce the transmission rate or to increase signal-to-quantization noise ratio (SQNR) in coding speech by hybrid companding data modulation (HCDM). In this scheme we detect silence in speech by a speech/silence discriminator. HCDM coding is done only for speech portion. For silence that is detected in evert block of 5 ms, only the information indicating that the Since the HCDM coder transmits bina교 signal synchronously at a fixed rate, the use of a buffer and its efficient control is essential. By using the HCDM with silence detection in coding speech, we could improve SONR by as much as 6 dB over the conventional HCDM or reduce the transmission rate by one third of the HCDM rate.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

In case of Senior Hospitals, meticulous care is required in both amount and quality of natural lighting because of the semi-long term residence of patients. Natural lighting has a huge impact on the physical and psychological part for the seniors. Likewise, natural lighting is an important factor considered for hospital design because it can also effect hospitalization period of patients. Research subject was K Senior Hospital which was determined as the courtyard-type building made to provide healing environment through natural lighting. Analysis was performed by dividing the space of K Senior Hospital into Central Treatment Department directly used by patients, Outpatient Department(OPD), Ward Department, Common Use Department. Research was carried out in two ways of integration value analysis using SPACE SYNTAX and illumination intensity analysis using ECOTECT. K Senior Hospital intended to actively let in natural light through courtyard and to make patients exposed to natural light when they walk along the circuit corridor built around the courtyard. This environmental consideration affected the utilization rate of Common Use Department and residence time of patients raising the average of Common Use Department on every floor. As a resuit of this study presenting type C and type D, part of four types of illumination intensity, takes higher percentage of almost every spaces compare to the others therefore K Senior Hospital was designed on the assumption of healing environment composition through natural light. The result of this research would be used meaningfully in the space programming phase of Senior Hospitals in the future. Utilization rate can be adjusted using illumination intensity value in the space that integration rate should be planed to be high. The use(purpose) of space and integration rate can be used as a guideline to set illumination intensity of natural.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.971-984
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyse the relations among the residents' characteristics, the policy of the facility, and the physical characteristics of activity areas, and to understand the elements for the lively use of activity areas in the elderly nursing facilities. The results of the study are as follows: First, there was a relationship between the characteristics of semi-public activity areas and the residents' management-control policy. The facilities having semi-public areas of living room type showed more flexibility in time and place and more respects for the residents. Second, the activity areas of connection type were much more used than the compartment type, especially in the facilities having more residents incapable of walking. On the other hand, the facilities having high control for the residents showed high using rate in public activity areas, and all those did not have semi-public areas or showed low using rate in there. Third, in the analysis of the relationship between the physical characteristics and the using rate of activity areas, the public activity areas having compartment type in the spatial composition and hall as a form were likely to have multiple usages. On the whole, the various form of activity areas, the area per residents, openness, accessibility and centrality were having interactions each other for high using rate in activity areas. Especially, many stimulations and the furniture arrangements that were good for the residents' interactions had a function of compensation for the poor physical characteristics of activity areas. This study investigated only the using rates to understand the lively use of the space. For the future study, it is suggested that the detail using behavior of the residents should be examined to understand the influential elements.