• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.425-429
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• 1992

Cell elongation is known to be promoted by ethylene in petioles of Ranunculus sceleratus. Treatment of petiole segments with spermine resulted in an inhibition of cell elongation and of ethylene biosynthesis in the presence of applied auxin. Dose response curve for the spermine inhibition of auxin-induced ethylene production appeared similar to that of ACC-based ethylene production suggesting that the polyamine inhibits ethylene biosynthesis by blocking the conversion of ACC to etylene. Auxin-induced ethylene production was significantly promoted by treatment of the tissue with either DFMA or DFMO. specific inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. Increased level of ethylene production by DFMA was found to be completely abolished by application of exogenous spermine at a high concentration. These results indicate that endogenous spermine plays a regulatory role in the growth response of Ranunculus petioles to auxin and ethylene.hylene.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2022

Objectives: Adipogenesis is the process by which pre-adipocytes are differentiated into adipocytes. It also plays an important role in adipocyte formation and lipid accumulation. Ranunculus sceleratus (R. sceleratus) extracts are used for the treatment of various diseases such as hepatitis, jaundice, and tuberous lymphadenitis in oriental medicine. However, its effect on adipogenesis has not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the effects of R. sceleratus on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Methods: Cells were treated with 50, 100, and 200 ㎍/ml of R. sceleratus and cell viability was evaluated. To differentiate the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, a 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI) solution were used. The accumulation of lipid droplets was determined by Oil Red O staining. The expression levels of adipogenesis-related proteins were also determined. Results: MDI solution differentiated the preadipocytes into adipocytes and accumulation of lipids was observed in the differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Interestingly, the amount of lipid droplets was reduced after R. sceleratus treatment. In addition, the expression levels of key adipogenic transcription factors, such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins-𝛼 (C/EBP-𝛼) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-𝛾 (PPAR-𝛾) were also reduced after R. sceleratus treatment. Furthermore, R. sceleratus increased AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and decreased sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 expression. Conclusions: Our results showed that R. sceleratus reduced preadipocyte differentiation by inhibiting C/EBP-𝛼 and PPAR-𝛾 levels via the AMPK pathway. Therefore, we suggest that R. sceleratus may be potentially used as an anti-adipogenic agent.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.1 s.68
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• pp.112-117
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• 2005

Plants living riverside show diverse resistance responses to submergence. The promoted petiole elongation of semi-aquaitc plants, e.g., such as Ranunculus sceleratus and Rumex palustris, is one of the adaptive responses mediated by the plant hormone ethylene. The gaseous hormone is trapped in submerged plant tissues and enhances the petiole growth by increasing sensitivity of the tissues to some plant hormones including auxin. Due to the stimulated growth of petioles, the leaves finally reach the water surface and can respirate again. At the water surface, the accumulated ethylene diffuses out from the tissues to the air. As a result, the increased hormone sensitivity decreases again, and thus the growth rate reduces to the basal level as before. The increased auxin sensitivities by ethylene observed in Ranunculus sceleratus, revealed by the changes in the auxin dose-response curves, indicate the increase of affinities of the receptors to auxin. However, the molecular mechanism of the affinity regulation remains still largely unknown, because the identity of the auxin receptor is still unclear.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.397-402
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• 1994

Possible roles of polyamines in the inhibition of cell elongation in Ranunculus petioles were investigated. Exogenously apoplied polyamines greatly inhibited the auxin-induced petiole growth, while treatment of the tissue with $\alpha$-difluoromethylarginine, the inhibitor of putrescine biosynthesis, further enhanced the growth in the presence of IAA. Inhibitory effect of spermine can also be apparent for fusicoccin-induced elongation, but not for growth induced by a low pH. Spermine also suppressed the ethylene-enhanced growth in the presence of auxin. Using computer-based video digitizer system, the inhibitory effects of spermine on petiole growth were kinetically analyzed. Auxin-induced growth was characterized by an initial and transient growth with a highly elevated rate followed by a steady growth with a slightly reduced rate. Spermine treatment was found to shorten the duration of the initial phase of growth, and to reduce the rates of both the initial and steady growth as well. The latent period for auxin induction was not affected by spermine.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.752-757
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• 2019

The establishment of invasive alien species management is widely recognized as a pivotal issue in the preservation of biodiversity. Ranunculus sardous Crantz, a species native to Europe, has been widely introduced in many other areas of the world, including the coasts of the United States, Australia, China, India, and Japan. In Korea, the first population of this plant was found growing adjacent to a wetland in Hanon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju Province, on 22 May 2018. Field observations confirmed the presences of at least two populations of this species in Jeju Province, Korea. This species is similar to Ranunculus sceleratus L., but can be readily distinguished by its presence of the trichomes in the whole plant, longer petioles of radical leaves, ovate-shaped leaf segments, globose to subglobose-shaped fruits and flat achenes with narrowly winged and papillae. The Invasive Alien Plant Risk Assessment (IAPRA), a system for recognizing and categorizing alien plants in Korea forests, was used to assess the invasiveness status of the species. Based on this system, R. sardous received a low score of 6, suggesting its potential invasion to natural forests. Although the current distribution of R. sardous is restricted to Jeju Province and thus far has had limited impact on local environments, local and regulatory authorities should pay close attention to this plant and take measures to prevent its further expansion.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 1998

The seed dormancy is one of the peculiar characteristics of a number of weed species and it makes difficulties in weed control. To clarify the mechanism of seed dormancy, several chemicals such as $KNO_3$, KOH, thiourea, and $H_2O_2$ and phytohormone($GA_3$) were treated to dormant seeds. Among the species treated with several chemicals, the germination percentages of Setaria glauca, Ambrosia trifida and Ranunculus sceleratus were increased with $KNO_3$ and those of S. glauca, R sceleratus were increased with thiourea. Hydrogen peroxide promoted the germination of Setaria viridis and S. glauca. Germination percentages of S. viridis, S. glauca and Cyperus saraguinolentus were increased with enzyme treatment using pectinase. GA treatment enhanced the geim.ination of Eleusine indica and R sceleratus but the other species were affected slightly. Especially. E. indica showed linearity in the relationship between germination percentage and GA concentration. So, It seemed that E. indica can be used as a bioassy material for GA. Considering the phenological habits of weed species, the seeds were buried under soil for long time(more than 1 month) over winter. When seeds were buried in soil, the degree of dormancy was drastically decreased. Especially, germination of seeds buried were increased under alternating temperature. The germination rates of Persicaria ssp. and Chenopodium ssp. were increased by 50% order alternating temperature after burial for seven weeks.