• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.179-196
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• 2017

The paper focuses on dynamic analyses of a series of simply-supported symmetric composite steel-concrete bridges loaded by an ICE-3 train moving at high speeds up to 300 km/h. The series includes five bridges with span lengths ranging from 15 m to 27 m, with repeatable geometry of the superstructures. The objects, designed according to Polish standards valid from 1980s to 2010, are modelled on the bridges serviced on the Central Main Line in Poland since 1980s. The advanced, two-dimensional, physically nonlinear model of the bridge-track structure-high-speed train system takes into account unilateral nonlinear wheel-rail contact according to Hertz's theory and random vertical track irregularities equal for both rails. The analyses are focused on the influence of random track irregularities on dynamic response of composite steel-concrete bridges loaded by an ICE-3 train. It has been pointed out that certain restrictions on the train speed and on vertical track irregularities should be imposed.

• 소음진동
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.513-523
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• 1998

Impact response of a vibro-impact system and its contact mechanism was studied. The vibro-impact system is composed of a small secondary system is constrained to move along a slot of fixed length in a large primary system. The contact mechanism is characterized by its coefficient of restitution. Numerical simulation analysis has been used to determine the time-history and the impact statistics of the primary and secondary systems. Input excitation of the primary system was random, and the responses obtained were the velocities of the primary and secondary system, the closing velocity in time axis and the duration time between impacts. The validity of the numerical simulation method was checked by comparing the results with those obtained by other researchers analytically. It is shown that the results obtained by the nemerical simulation analysis showed a good agreement with those for the analytical method.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1080-1085
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• 2003

The flow of electrical current through a microscopic actual contact spot between two conductors is influenced by the flow through adjacent contact spots. A smoothed version of this interaction effect is developed and used to predict the contact resistance when the statistical size and spatial distribution of contact spots is known. To illustrate the use of the method, an idealized fractal rough surface is defined using the random midpoint displacement algorithm and the size distribution of contact spots is assumed to be given by the intersection of this surface with a constant height plane. With these assumptions, it is shown that including finer scale detail in the fractal surface, equivalent to reducing the sampling length in the measurement of the surface, causes the predicted resistance to approach the perfect contact limit.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2003

The stresses of surface and substrate under the rough surface contact are irregular. Using rainflow counting method for irregular stresses, the fatigue surface crack initiation lift was calculated. With the surface generated by computer, this paper figures out the random load generated by contacting to the rough surface, analyzes the stress of its subsurface, and calculates the fatigue crack initiation life of the rough surface fatigue theory.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2005

Analytical model to calculate the contact fatigue life of rough surface is presented in this paper. The effect of surface roughness can be calculated by this model. Computational method and the theoretical basis are also discussed. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. As a result of analysis the relationship between the life and the roughness as well as the most probable depth of the crack initiation is calculated.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2011

연구 목적: 기존 대부분의 유한요소 연구에서는 100%의 골-임플란트 접촉을 가정하여 왔으나 인간사체연구(human retrieval study)에서는 골-임플란트 부착비율이 20-80%라고 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 비선형 삼차원 유한요소법을 이용하여 실제적인 골-임플란트 접촉을 재현하기 위해 무작위 골접촉 양상을 비교연구하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 컴퓨터단층촬영에서 얻은 영상을 근거로 하여 제작한 골모형에 두 가지 디자인의 임플란트(MK III Br${\aa}$nemark$^{(R)}$, Inplant$^{(R)})$를 상악제2소구치에 해당하는 위치에 식립한 모형을 만들었다. 골질은 골형 2로서 Lekholm과 Zarb의 분류를 따랐다. 각 임플란트 디자인마다 두 가지(40%, 70%)의골-임플란트 접촉비율을 가정하였다. 각디자인과 골접촉율마다 5개의 모형을 제작하여 총 40 개의 모형을 만들었다. 이골-임플란트 접촉을 무작위 섞기방식(random shuffle method)으로 하였고 피질골과 해면골을 다 포함하여 골유착을 시킨 군(wholly randomized osseointegration; W)과 피질골과 해면골을 분리하여 골접촉시키기 위해서 각 0.75 mm마다 무작위 골접촉을 시킨 군(segmentally randomized osseointegration; S)을 비교연구하였다. 결과: 골-임플란트 접촉율이나 임플란트 디자인에 상관없이 W군과 S군 간 maximum von Mises strain의 평균에 있어서 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다(P=.939). 골-임플란트 접촉율이40%보다70%가 von Mises strain이 유의하게 낮았다(P=.007). 골-임플란트 접촉율이 40%일때는 Inplant$^{(R)}$과 MK III Br${\aa}$nemark$^{(R)}$의 변형율 간에는 유의성 있는 차이가 없었으나(P=.116), 골-임플란트 접촉율이 70%일때 Inplant$^{(R)}$에서는 $4886{\pm}1034\;{\mu}m/m$, MK III Br${\aa}$nemark$^{(R)}$에서는 $7134{\pm}1232\;{\mu}m/m$로서 Inplant$^{(R)}$의 von Mises strain이MK III Br${\aa}$nemark$^{(R)}$의 것보다 유의하게 낮았다(P<.0001). 결론: 골-임플란트 접촉을 가정함에 있어서 무작위 섞기방식(random shuffle method)을 이용하여 임플란트 전체에 대해서나 피질골과 해면골을 분리하여 무작위 골-임플란트 접촉을 시키든 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없어서 표본의 크기에 상관없이 둘 다 유효한 방법이라 할 수 있었다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

On the basis of the explicit time-domain method, an investigation is performed on the influence of the rotational stiffness and rotational damping of the vehicle body and front-rear bogies on the dynamic responses of the vehicle-bridge coupled systems. The equation of motion for the vehicle subsystem is derived employing rigid dynamical theories without considering the rotational stiffness and rotational damping of the vehicle body, as well as the front-rear bogies. The explicit expressions for the dynamic responses of the vehicle and bridge subsystems to contact forces are generated utilizing the explicit time-domain method. Due to the compact wheel-rail model, which reflects the compatibility requirement of the two subsystems, the explicit expression of the evolutionary statistical moment for the contact forces may be performed with relative ease. Then, the evolutionary statistical moments for the respective responses of the two subsystems can be determined. The numerical results indicate that the simplification of vehicle model has little effect on the responses of the bridge subsystem and the vehicle body, except for the responses of the rotational degrees of freedom for the vehicle subsystem, regardless of whether deterministic or random analyses are performed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2007

Surface pitting is a major failure mode for gears. The contact fatigue life analysis of transmission gear considering running-in process is presented in this paper. Surface roughness change of rolling test is used in a life analysis. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. The life analysis considering running-in is in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2008

For most bearings, it is a common requirement to have long durability. Especially wheel bearing fatigue life is the most important in automotive quality. The contact fatigue life analysis of automotive wheel bearing considering real raceway rough surface is presented in this paper. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. The life analysis considering real rough surface of wheel bearing raceway is in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2005

The effect of surface roughness on the contact fatigue was investigated in this study. To accomplish this goal, contact analysis based on the influence functions and the rectangular patch solution was performed to obtain the subsurface stress. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to evaluate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. As a result of the analysis, relationship between the life and roughness as well as the creack initiation depth was revealed. Below the critical roughness, It is observed that the fatigue life has hardly changed and creack is initiated around the depth at which the maximum shear stress occurs. Different behavior, however, is observed in case that the roughness is above the critical value.