• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.154-154
• /
• 2015

태풍은 남서부태평양 해상에서 생성되어 한반도를 포함한 동아시아 지역에 강풍 및 폭우를 동반하여 상륙함에 따라 매년 수많은 인명 피해와 사회 경제학적 피해가 발생되고 있다. 또한 기후변화가 가속화됨에 따라 서북태평양지역의 기온상승 및 태풍 진로 해역의 열용량 증가로 인하여 태풍의 강도가 더욱 증가될 것으로 전망되고 있으며 한반도 역시 슈퍼 태풍에 대한 잠재적 위험에서 안전하지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 태풍에 대한 효율적인 치수 및 방재대책을 위해서는 객관적인 태풍자료 구축 뿐 아니라 한반도에 미치는 지역별, 계절별 태풍활동 및 태풍강우에 대한 정량적 분석을 실시하고자한다. 본 연구에서는 태풍강우 분리기법을 적용하여 한반도에 영향을 미치는 태풍강우 및 비태풍강우를 분리를 하였으며, 호우 특성에 따른 공간적 특성을 유형화하고 태풍정보를 고려한 비정상성 빈도해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구결과는 한반도에 영향을 주는 태풍에 대한 효율적인 치수 및 방재대책의 마련과 지역 내 사회기반시설 설계에 대한 기초 자료를 제공해 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2022.05a
• /
• pp.101-101
• /
• 2022

IDF (Intensity-Duration-Frequency) 곡선에서 익숙하다시피 강우지속시간과 최대강우강도는 반비례한다. 그동안 이러한 관계를 살펴보는 것은 대개 수십 시간의 규모에 그쳤다. 이 연구에서는 과연 시계열에서 시간 규모를 계속 증가시키면서 해당 시간 동안의 최대강우강도가 어떻게 변하는지를 살펴보았다. 가능한 장기간의 강수관측이 이루어진 우리나라 24개 지점을 대상으로 시간 규모를 최장 한 세기까지 키우면서 최대강우강도의 변화를 분석하였다. 작은 시간 규모에서는 그 관계가 멱함수를 따르지만, 시간 규모가 점차 늘어나면서 최대강우강도는 설계 목적의 지속시간 범위에서 결정된 멱함수 또는 기존 IDF 곡선으로부터 외삽하기 어려워진다. 이러한 변화는 점차 정상 연강수량으로 점근하는 결과를 가져온다. 분석된 결과를 토대로 연 단위를 초과하는 지속시간에 걸친 최대강우강도의 감쇄를 적절하게 표현할 수 있는 함수식을 제시하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 1991

In the present study, a methodology has been established for water budget analysis of a river basin for which monthyl rainfall and evaporation data are the only available hydrologic data. The monthly rainfall data were first converted into monthyl runoff data by an empirical formula from which long-term runoff data were generated by a stochastic generation mothod. Thomas-Fiering model. Based on the generated long-term data low flow frequency analysis was made for each of the oberved and generated data set, the low flow series of each data set being taken as the water supply for budget analysis. The water demands for various water utilization were projected according to the standard method and the net water consumption computed there of. With the runoff series of the driest year of each generated data set as an input water budget computation was made through the composite reservoirs comprised of small reserviors existing in the basin by deficit-supply method. The water deficit computed through the reservior operation study showed that the deficit radically increases as the return period of low flow becomes large. This indicates that the long-term runoff data generated by stochastic model are a necessity for a reliable water shortage forecasting to cope with the long-term water resourse planning of a river basin. F.E.M. program (ADINA) is also presented herein.

• Water for future
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.101-114
• /
• 1976

This paper presents a hydrologic method of probabilistic design flood calculation for ungauged small river basins. It is based on the study and analysis of the physiographic characteristics of the river basin for which stream flow records may not be available. Rainfall data is used at nearby station which has the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relations. Musim cheon, second tributary of the Guem river, is selected for the sample study. Design floods for the stream reaches are computed by the Rational formula, the runoff coefficients being determined with the physiographic data such as soil type, land use and vepetal covers. Derived unit hydrograph at conneted main river basin is used to compute the peak flood discharge. Kajiyama formula and modified Kajiyama formula are used to calculated the most probable maximum flood discharge. The result of this study shows that synthesized unit hydrograph method is more accurate and applicable way to com pute design flood for ungauged small river basins.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2008

A monsoon season monitoring data from June to September, 2005 of a small forested watershed located at the upstream of the North Han River system in Korea was conducted to analyze the flow variations, the NPS pollutant concentrations, and the pollution load characteristics with respect to sampling frequencies. During the 4-month period, 1,423 mm or 79.2% of annual rainfall(1,797 mm) were occurred and more than 77%, 54% and 68% of annual T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads discharged. Flow rate was continuously measured with automatic velocity and water level meters and 58 water quality samples were taken and analyzed. It was analyzed that the flow volume by random measurement varied very widely and ranged from 79% to 218% of that of continuous measurement. It was recommended that flow measurement of small forested watersheds should be continuously measured with automated flow meters to precisely measure flow rates. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P during the period were 2.114 mg/L, 0.836 mg/L, and 0.136 mg/L, respectively. T-N, $NO_3$-N and T-P loads were sensitive to the number of samples. And it was analyzed that in order to measure the pollution load within the error of 10% to the true load, the rate of sampling frequency should be higher than 89.7% of the sample numbers that were required to compute the true pollution load. If it is compared to selected foreign research results, about 10 water samples for each rainfall event were needed to compute the pollution load within 10% error. It is unlikely in Korea and recommended that thorough NPS pollution monitoring studies are required to develop the standard monitoring procedures for reliable NPS pollution quantification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2010

This study quantified the flood reduction effect of small stormwater detention facilities by the NRCS curve number. The modified rational equation was used to calculate the inflow volume into the detention facilities. The NRCS curve number in the cases w/ and w/o storage facility was calculated with respect to the rainfall characteristics(rainfall frequency, duration) and the size of storage facilities. Finally, diagrams showing the curve number reduction rate versus the size of storage facility were developed. The diagrams can be used to evaluate the flood reduction effect of storage facility reasonably and efficiently when estimating the optimal location and size of storage facility. The results based on the methodology propsed in this study were also compared with those of previous study for their validation.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze quantitatively the inundation causes by applying the prevention of performance objectives using the urban storm water runoff model XP-SWMM. The model was built by using DTM and storm sewer-network with the storm sewer and geo-data of the study area as input-data to assess the current performance of prevention. An analysis of the causes of the inundation by the frequency and the rainfall-duration. As a result, lack of pipe capacity due to flooding, as well as inundation heavier that the backwater rainfall occurs due to the rise of water level of outside. For solve the inundation damage, It is necessary to improvement pipe of capacity lack and installation of a flood control channel.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2001

Ground failure such as landslide, rock fall land subsidence by heavy rainfall have damaged to people and property. Especially, the damage to important facility such as dam, bridge, tunnel and industrial complex may be possible. Therefore the ground failure must be assessed and counter plan must be prepared. So, the object of this study is to develop the spatial information system for regional ground stability assessment. For this, the topographic, geologic, soil, forest, land use, rainfall frequency map, and satellite image near 40 dams were collected and constructed to the spatial information system. The spatial information system was developed using Avenue in ArcView 3.2 environment and consists of pull down menus and icons. For application of the spatial information system, regional ground stability was assessed in Andong dam. The assessment was ground failure susceptibility and possibility. The spatial information can be used for regional ground stability assessment, prevention and mitigation of hazard, and management of ground as basic data.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.927-935
• /
• 2013

In this study, reservoir routings for 1 hour-50 year precipitation frequency were carried out at the Engineering Water Fall and the Amphitheater located at the downstream of Seoul National University Dam. Main analysis was focus on the following matters: (1) storage amount by the tank; (2) reduction of the outflow and the peak water surface elevation; (3) change of phase lag time; and (4) design of new boxes at the inlet and outlet of storage tank. As for the storage tank of $25,000m^3$ built in the Amphitheater area, the tank induced 49.43 % storage effect, 28 min. phase lag time, and reduced the peak outflow by 49.64 %. In addition, the peak water surface elevation was lowered by 35 cm compared with that of $15,000m^3$ storage tank. It is concluded that combined management of previous storage facility and new underground storage tank would control the excessive rainfall runoff efficiently.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.257-271
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study is to examine weather modification by urbanization and human activities. The characteristics of the urban heat island (UHI) and precipitation in Seoul metropolitan area of Korea are investigated to demonstrate that cities can change or modify local and nearby weather and climate, and to confirm that cities can initiate convection, change the behavior of convective precipitation, and enhance downstream precipitation. The data used in this study are surface meteorological station data observed in Seoul and its nearby 5 cities for the period of 1960 to 2009, and 162 Automatic Weather System stations data observed in the Seoul metropolitan area from 1998 to 2009. Air temperature and precipitation amount tend to increase with time, and relative humidity decreases because of urbanization. Similar to previous studies for other cities, the average maximum UHI is weakest in summer and is strong in autumn and winter, and the maximum UHI intensity is more frequently observed in the nighttime than in the daytime, decreases with increasing wind speed, and is enhanced for clear skies. Relatively warm regions extend in the east-west direction and relatively cold regions are located near the northern and southern mountains inside Seoul. The satellite cities in the outskirts of Seoul have been rapidly built up in recent years, thus exhibiting increases in near-surface air temperature. The yearly precipitation amount during the last 50 years is increased with time but rainy days are decreased. The heavy rainfall events of more than $20mm\;hr^{-1}$ increases with time. The substantial changes observed in precipitation in Seoul seem to be linked with the accelerated increase in the urban sprawl in recent decades which in turn has induced an intensification of the UHI effect and enhanced downstream precipitation. We also found that the frequency of intense rain showers has increased in Seoul metropolitan area.