• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study compared and reviewed the recognition determinants by applying the OECMs criteria, focusing on old big trees, plant of natural monument that are natural heritage under the national heritage system of the Cultural Heritage Administration, and the results are as follows. First, among the protected areas designated and managed by government agencies according to each protection purpose, it is necessary to actively introduce new conservation measures, OECMs, to fulfill the Biodiversity strategy for 2030 while the land area is already saturated. Second, the OECMs are geographically defined areas(CBD, 2018), not currently recognized as a protected areas, governed and managed in a way that achieves positived sustained and effective contribution to in situ conservation of biodiversity. Since the selection of term, the scope of application criteria, and the context of interpretation are inevitably different, it is necessary to separately legislate and establish related laws of the OECMs suitable for each country's situation. Third, as a result of reviewing the OECMs criteria for plant of natural monument, the final 58 potential resources were recognized. Important elements among the OECMs criteria are that buffer zones should be spaced apart from designated zones to secure a certain area, and that economic activities through commercial production should not occur and meet biodiversity standards. Among the potential candidates, 23 areas were analyzed to be geographically isolated and independent, such as Forest of Oriental Arborvitae in Do-dong, Daegu, and forest types such as Carstor Aralia of Gungchon-ri, Samcheok and Forest of Common Camellias in Maryang-ri, Seocheon. As a result of reviewing the application of OECMs criteria for plant of natural monument, it was confirmed that the functions as a traditional uses were specialized among the values of biodiversity, and ecosystem services and cultural and spiritual values were inherited through Korea's unique culture of old big trees and Dangsan ritual. In terms of biodiversity criteria, it can be used as an important factor in connecting human and natural ecosystem networks without the discovery of new species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1915-1926
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• 2008

Although we know that images of a country or an industry are influential factors in product evaluation, there has been little discussion about the channels through which consumers form a country or an industry image. Guided by the assumption that the image of the Korean fashion industry conveyed through U.S. media will likely affect the evaluation of Korean fashion products, we decided to examine articles published between January 1998 and June 2008 in Woman's Wear Daily(WWD), a prestigious U.S. daily trade newspaper covering all aspects of the national and international fashion business. By using the "Korean", we found 329 relevant articles. Through content analysis, we identified the aspects of the Korean fashion industry that have been considered salient to U.S. fashion media professionals. We set up categories based on the contents of the articles that discussed segments of the supply chain of the fashion industry. We found more comments on the Korean fashion industry as fiber and fabrics supplier or apparel manufacturer than in any other categories, which reflects that South Korea has been traditionally one of the most attractive sourcing countries for the U.S. fashion business. We identified significantly less coverage on the designing, branding, marketing, and retailing aspects of the Korean fashion industry. Due to economic boom in Korea, the country's fashion industry is recognized as having a highly fashion-conscious market that can afford the world's premium brands. However, the industry is viewed as being rather vulnerable to changes in the macro economic environment.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.35-57
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• 2017

Security Act has been partially revised many times since it was revised to "Security Service Act". Main contents of such revision consist of the addition of security work such as protection or special security, responsibility enforcement of security company or security guard and systematic management of security service based on security work of previous security service act. But, it needs to be checked out that the fundamental matter about the concept of 'security' is directly related as double-edged sword in such flow of legal revision. That is because security service satisfies the multiple needs for security in the modern risky society and is based on the concept of active management whose goal is to forster and develop the function of actual security service comparing that current "Security Service Act" regulates the formal security service whose goal is permission of security service and systematic management based on article 2 as previous facilities and manned security that is guard duty-centered security service in another respect. So, this study pointed out the limit of interpreting security and security service in "Security Services Industry Act" in respect of providing private security service and drew the conclusion that the legislation and efforts are required for 'security for citizen' by reinterpreting the legislation and revision of private security service-related law as the normal regulation of "Security Services Industry Act" and the special law of "Private Security Services Industry Act".

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2017

Here we present the timings of reactivated events from a fault in the northern Pohang area, which should be located at the northern-end of Yangsan fault line, the major fault in the southeastern Korean Peninsula. Recently developed illite-age-analysis (IAA) approach was employed for determining the fault-activated timing, combined with illite-polytype quantification using the optimized full-pattern-fitting (FPF) method, and K-Ar age-dating for each size fraction($<0.1{\mu}m$, $0.1-0.4{\mu}m$, and $0.4-1.0{\mu}m$) of 4 fault clay samples. Two chronological records of brittle fault-activation events were recognized at $19.6{\pm}1.86Ma$ and $26.1{\pm}2.55-27.9{\pm}3.46Ma$. The ages are much younger than those of fault clays from Sangcheon-ri area (41.5~43.5 and 50.7 Ma), the southern part of Yangsan fault line, and are close to the timing of East Sea-opening event. Further chronological analysis for additional sites of the Yangsan fault should be needed to reveal the time-scheme of the tectonic events and their spatial distributions along the fault line.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2017

Objectives : The aims of present study was to investigate clinical characteristics of male patients with eating disorders. Methods : The present study included 32 male patients with eating disorders and 75 female patients with eating disorders, recruited from an eating disorders specialized clinic in a university hospital, Seoul, Korea. We compared clinical characteristics of eating disorders and comorbid conditions of depression and anxiety between men and women with eating disorders. Correlations between eating disorders psychopathology in men with eating disorders and their weight suppression(WS) were investigated. Results : There was no difference in age at presentation, age of onset, illness duration, and body mass index at presentation between genders. Male patients with eating disorders had higher rates of premorbid overweight or obesity than female patients with eating disorders had. WS in the male patients was associated with the severity of their eating disorders. Conclusions : The present study provides grounds for improved understanding for clinical features of eating disorders in males.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.512-522
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate general population's awareness and attitudes toward medical records and an 'Open Notes' system which allows the general public to access their medical records anytime on the hospital website. This study also examines the possibility of making the 'Open Notes' system available to Korean medical community and the general public. The results of this study shows that the general population usually used internet for health information. They obtained their medical records from the hospital mostly for the purpose of submitting to insurance company. They also believed that medical records that hospital and doctors provided might be forged or falsified. The majority of them responded that they could trust their doctors and hospitals more if they could have access to their own medical records anytime. Most of the respondents agreed that the Open Notes system would be beneficial for the general public and that it should be implemented in Korea. And they would be willing to participate in the Open Notes system if it is introduced. In conclusion, if the Open Notes system which emphasizes transparency in medical records is introduced, it could enhance the trust between doctor and patient. The trust doctor-patient relation would make patients more likely to comply and be satisfied with doctors.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.101-116
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the determinants of confidence in courtship and marriage, childbirth and parenting of the unmarried employed of the echo boomers born between 1982-1992, using data from the 19th wave of the nationwide Korea Labor and Income Panel Study. The differences of confidence in courtship, marriage, childbirth, and parenting of the echo boomers according to sociodemographic variables, psychosocial variables, workplace related variables were examined and multiple regression analysis was conducted in order to identify the factors that affect the confidence in courtship and marriage, childbirth and parenting. The results were as follows: The level of confidence in courtship and marriage, childbirth and parenting showed a statistically significant difference depending upon socioeconomic status and psychosocial variables. However, among the workplace related variables, other than childbirth and parenting within the job satisfaction category, all other variables showed a statistically significant difference. In addition, as the determining factors affecting all issues of courtship, marriage, childbirth, and parenting, youth perceptions of Korean society revealed to be the most influential factor, followed by social support and organizational commitment.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2012

Some high frequency sounds alter physiological processes of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. This study investigated the effect of ultrasound (${\geq}$ 20 kHz) on larval feeding, pupal development, and adult mating behavior of S. exigua. Ultrasound suppressed feeding behavior of fifth instar larvae, and 30 or 45 kHz treatment inhibited more than 50% of feeding activity. Larvae treated with ultrasound exhibited alterations in major nutrient compositions in the hemolymph plasma. Plasma protein levels decreased with an increase in ultrasound frequency. In contrast, sugar levels increased with an increase in ultrasound frequency. Lipid levels increased with an increase in ultrasound frequency up to 30 kHz and then decreased at treatments > 30 kHz. Hemocytes, the fat body, and epidermis expressed three heat shock proteins and apolipophorin III. Ultrasound treatment markedly inhibited expression of some stress-related genes. Ultrasound treatment also inhibited S. exigua pupal development by extending the pupal developmental period and preventing adult emergence. Last, ultrasound treatment significantly inhibited adult mating behavior, which resulted in a significant decrease in female fecundity. These results show that ultrasound is a physiological stress to S. exigua.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.303-313
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• 2001

A cut-slope near Guam-Ri Hwado-Eup Namyangju-Si Kyunggi-Do collapsed during a heavy rainfall over 400mm at 28th of August 2000. The cut-slope collapse reportedly developed mainly by block sliding along a set of discontinuities, although slope angle of the cut-slope was 40$^{\circ}$(1:1.2) that agrees with the road construction criteria. This study aims to analyze differences and correlations among several data-collecting methods limited to discontinuity analysis related with cut-slope collapse. This study started with analysing discontinuity surface characteristics, geology of the country rock and orientations of the discontinuities directly related with the collapse. Analysis of aerial photos around the study area provided regional lineament data, and discontinuity plane description and measurements were collected from core logging and Borehole Image Processing System (BIPS). Spearmans correlation ranking coefficient method was used to get correlation of discontinuity planes according to analysis methods. The result suggests that the correlation coefficient is ${\gamma}_s$ = 0.91 Plus, stability analysis of discontinuity plane orientation data using equal-area stereonet revealed that the study area is unstable to planar failure. This study suggests that the cut-slope angles currently applied should be shallower and that significant attention is required to orientation distribution of discontinuities existed in cut-slopes studies.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.754-759
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• 2011

Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) is produced endogenously during heme metabolism and treated in cells as a heme oxygenase inhibitor. In the present study, the effects of ZnPP on the color response of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, a commonly-used method for analyzing cell viability, were investigated. ZnPP induced rapid decolorizaion of MTT formazan under light; the degradation rates were 10- and 20- folds faster in the presence of 5 and $10{\mu}M$ ZnPP, respectively. Methylene blue (MB), another type of photosensitizer, also accelerated degradation of formazan under light. Butylated hyroxytoluene did not inhibit ZnPP- or MB-induced formazan degradation. The color degradation of formazan dye was signficantly delayed in the presence of N-acetylcysteine or ${\beta}$-carotene. The present results suggest that certain photosensitizing compounds may affect the color and stability of MTT formazan, which should be carefully considered when conducting the MTT assay.