• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.134-135
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• 2003

The geographic expansion of the toxic dinoflagellates genus Alexandrium has been shown to be world wide ranging. The members of the genus Alexandrium ocnstituted of 20-30 species did not show substantial differences in their morphology, which is mostly referred in the 'tamarensis species complex', except some species. Though rDNA sequences variations are very few and pseudogene types are so diverse that it is difficult to use them as the specific markers. In this study, we outlined Korean and Japanese A, tamarense and A. catenella regional isolates by phylogenetic analysis inferred from no cutting alignments of LSU rDNA D1-D2 and SSU rDNA sequences to group these regional isolates. The results were compared to RFLP patterns of PCR products targeted chloroplast DNA. Lastly screening of highly repeated microsatellite DNA which is frequently used for population analysis in eukaryotes was conducted. A. catenella regional strains identified by the sequencing of rDNA D1-D2 domain were divided into at least 3 groups of type E, CMC and Chinese type, divergence root may not be deep comparing with that of A. tamarense whose pseudogenes are very variable. Results of RFLP pattern and the phylogeny of the unknown gene targeting chloroplast showed that Korean and Japanese A. catenella regional isolates were divided into 3 types: Korean, Japanese and the third CMC types. Population-specific PCR amplification with Japanese A. catenella type-specific PCR primers was useful method for population analysis of A. catenella. Various types of satellite sequences such as 5 nucleotides repeats were obtained from A. tamarense and A. catenella. The 5 nucleotides repeats were primed at the both 3'and 5' ends, and these repeats were prominent as longer repeated motifs. This repeated DNA was intercalated as internal sequences containing various types subrepeats. It is expected that these satellite DNA would be a useful molecular population marker through detail comparison among Alexandrium regional isolates to trace their transferring pathway and to prevent their human-associated their regional extents.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2011

BoLA (bovine leukocyte antigens) have been known as gene complex related with bovine diseases and immunological traits. This study was conducted to find out the characteristics of BoLA-DRB3 gene related to mastitis and BL(bovine leukocyte) from 280 cattle [193 animals of Holstein cattle and 87 animals of Hanwoo]. As a result, five PCR-RFLP types (b, d, e, f and g) using HaeIII restriction enzyme, three BstYI restriction patterns (b, d and e) and eight RsaI restriction types(b, d, f, I, j, n, o and w) were identified. Moreover, we identified new d' type ($197{\rightarrow}175$/22), having one more cutting site by BstYI enzyme than d type allele and n' type ($180{\rightarrow}169$/11) having one more cutting site by RsaI enzyme than n allele was additionally identified. Next, we identified 53 SNPs in BoLA-DRB3 exon2 from 280 cattle. SNP frequency and heterozygosity of Holstein and Hanwoo were investigated in all the SNP genotype. These results might be based on research for identifying marker associated with bovine diseases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.367-374
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• 1997

Bovine rotaviruses(A, 288, 55086 strains) isolated from fecal samples in Korea were propagated onto MA104 cells and were confirmed tentatively as G6, G8, and G10, respectively, by RFLP analysis. Full-length VP7 gene of these isolates was amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) using VP7 specific primers and cloned into TA vector. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of VP7 genes of the isolates were determined and compared with those of bovine rotavirus reference strains(NCDV; G6, UK; G6, Cody I-801; G8 and B223; G10). A, 288 and 55086 isolates showed high degree of nucleotide sequence homology with NCDV and UK(93% and 94%), Cody I-801(86%) and B223(97%), respectively, However, they showed 71~74% of nucleotide sequence homlogy with bovine rotavirus reference strains which belong to different serotypes. From the results of deduced amino acid sequence homology analysis, three isolates showed 94~96% of homology with the same serotype reference strains but 80~84% of homology with the different serotype reference strains. Three bovine rotavirus isolates, A, 288 and 55086 strains, were confirmed as G6, G8, and G10, respectively, by nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence analysis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1691-1695
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• 2005

The bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 gene encodes cell surface glycoproteins that initiate immune responses by presenting processed antigenic peptides to CD4 T helper cells. DRB3 is the most polymorphic bovine MHC class II gene which encodes the peptide-binding groove. Since different alleles favour the binding of different peptides, DRB3 has been extensively evaluated as a candidate marker for associations with various bovine diseases and immunological traits. For that reason, the genetic diversity of the bovine class II DRB3 locus was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). This study describes genetic variability in the BoLA-DRB3 in Iranian Golpayegani Cattle. Iranian Golpayegani Cows (n = 50) were genotyped for bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3.2 allele by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Bovine DNA was isolated from aliquots of whole blood. A two-step polymerase chain reaction followed by digestion with restriction endonucleases RsaI, HaeIII and BstYI was conducted on the DNA from Iranian Golpayegani Cattle. In the Iranian Golpayegani herd studied, we identified 19 alleles.DRB3.2${\times}$16 had the highest allelic frequency (14%), followed by DRB3.2${\times}$7 (11%). Six alleles (DRB3.2${\times}$25, ${\times}$24, ${\times}$22, ${\times}$20, ${\times}$15, ${\times}$3) had frequencies = 2%. Although additional studies are required to confirm the present findings, our results indicate that exon 2 of the BoLA-DRB3 gene is highly polymorphic in Iranian Golpayegani Cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.422-427
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• 1998

The gene and genotypic frequencies of ${\kappa}$-casein (${\kappa}$-CN), ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-LG), growth hormone (bGH) and prolactin (bPRL) loci in Korean cattle were investigated using PCR-RFLP analyses. Genomic DNA samples were obtained from 290 cows and 30 AI bulls. In both cows and bulls, the most predominant genotypes of ${\kappa}$-CN, ${\beta}$-LG, bGH and bPRL loci were AB, BB, AA and AA, respecitively. The frequencies of A and B alleles for ${\kappa}$-CN locus were .612 and .388 for cows and .567 and .433 for bulls. The respective frequencies of A and B alleles for ${\beta}$-LG locus were .153 and .847 in cows and .217 and .783 in bulls. The frequencies of A and B alleles for bGH locus were .769 and .231 in cows and .784 and .216 in bulls, respectively. The frequencies of A and B alleles for bPRL locus were .678 and .322 for cows and .767 and .233 for bulls. Differences in frequencies of these alleles were not significant between cows and bulls at all loci examined. If the DNA polymorphisms of these candidate genes are associated with economically important traits, they could serve as genetic markers for genetic improvement in future marker-assisted selection programs in Korean cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.465-470
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• 2008

This study describes genetic variability in the BoLA-DRB3 gene in Iranian native cattle (Bos Indicus and Taurus) and relationships between these breeds. This is the first study of genetic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in Iranian native cattle. We examined exon 2 of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DRB3 gene from 203 individuals in four populations of Iranian native cattle (52 Sarabi, 52 Najdi, 49 Sistani, 50 Golpayegani cattle) using the hemi-nested PCR-RFLP method. We identified the 36 previously reported alleles and one novel pattern (*eac). Analysis of the frequencies of the various BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles in each breed indicated that DRB3.2*52 in Sarabi cattle (23%), DRB3.2 *14 and *24 alleles in Najdi cattle (13%), DRB3.2 *8 allele in Sistani cattle (22%) and DRB3.2*16 allele in Golpayegani cattle (14%), were the most frequent alleles. Allelic frequencies ranged from 1 to 23% among the 36 alleles and there were some alleles that were found only in Iranian cattle. Effective number of alleles in the four breeds was estimated to be 7.86, 11.68, 7.08 and 3.37 in Sarabi, Najdi, Sistani and Golpayegani, respectively. Observed heterozygosities were the highest in Sarabi (94%) and Najdi (94%). A population tree based on the frequency of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles in each breed suggested that Najdi, Sarabi and Golpayegani cattle clustered together and Najdi and Sarabi were the closest breeds. Sistani cattle differed more from these three breeds. These new data suggest that allele frequencies differ between Iranian cattle breeds.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.303-308
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• 2008

An unidentified moth was captured in sex pheromone traps of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, especially at spring season in apple orchards and their vicinity. Though the captured males were similar in appearance to G. molesta males, they were easily distinguished by a matted difference in body size. Their occurrence pattern was also similar to that of overwintering G. molesta population from April to May, at which more males were captured in the pheromone traps installed in the vicinity of apple orchards than within apple orchards. After May, they were no longer captured in the pheromone traps. To investigate any larval damage due to this unidentified moth, molecular markers needed to be developed. Four PCR-RFLP markers originated from cytochrome b region of mitochondrial DNA could distinguish this unidentified moth from G. molesta.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.347-350
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• 2012

TP53 is the mostly commonly mutated gene in many cancers and the P53 tumor suppressor protein is involved in multiple cellular processes, including transcription, DNA repair, genomic stability, senescence, cell cycle control and apoptosis. A common single nucleotide polymorphism located within the proline rich region of TP53 gene at codon 72 in exon 4 encodes either proline or arginine. TP53 Arg 72 is more active than TP53 Pro 72 in inducing apoptosis. The aim of this study was to understand the association of the 72 codon polymorphism with acute leukemia development and prognosis. A total of 288 acute leukemia cases comprising 147 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 141 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as well as 245 controls were recruited for analysis of the TP53 72 polymorphism using PCR-RFLP method. Significant association of homozygous arginine genotype with AML was observed (${\chi}^2$- 133.53; df-2, p < 0.001. When data were analyzed with respect to clinical variables, elevation in mean WBC, blast %, LDH levels and slight reduction in DFS in ALL cases with the arginine genotype was observed. In contrast, AML patients with Pro/Pro had elevated WBC, Blast%, LDH levels with slightly reduced DFS. Our study indicates that Arg/Arg genotype might confer increased risk to development of acute myeloid leukemia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.898-904
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• 2011

The PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in and around TM4 of SLC11A1 gene and its association with the incidences of brucellosis in Hariana breed (Bos indicus) and Holstein Friesian crossbred (Bos indicus${\times}$Bos taurus) cattle was examined. A fragment of 954 bp encoding the TM4 was amplified, and RFLP was identified by digestion of the amplicon independently with AluI and TaqI. The amplicon (GenBank Acc. No. AY338470 and AY338471) comprised of a part of exon V (<59 bp) and VII (62>), and entire intron 5 (423 bp), exon VI (71 bp) and intron 6 (339 bp). Digestion with AluI revealed the presence of two alleles viz, A (281, 255, 79 and 51 bp) and B (541, 255, 79 and 51 bp). The frequency of A allele was estimated as 0.80 and 0.73 in Hariana and crossbred cattle, respectively. Due to presence of a polymorphic TaqI site at intron 5, two alleles: T (552 and 402 bp) and Q (231, 321 and 402 bp) were identified. The frequency of T allele was estimated as 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. For association study, on the basis of serological tests and history of abortion, the animals were grouped into "affected" and "non-affected". However, no association could be established with the observed RFLPs.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.345-349
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• 1999

This study was carried out to map Bphl and bph2 gene in Mudgo and Sangju13 (Oryza sativa L.) respectively conferring resistance to brown plan-thopper (BPH) and to establish the marker-assisted selection (MAS) system. Bulked seedling (grown for 20 days) test was conducted with the 73 F4 lines derived from a cross between Nagdongbyeo and Mudgo for Bphl and with 53 BC3F5 lines derived from the Milyang95/Sangju13 cross for bph2. Bph1 was mapped between RG413 and RG901 on chromo-some 12 at a distance of 7.5 cM from RG413 and 8.4 cM from RG90l. A recessive gene bph2 was located near RZ76 on chromosome 12 at a distance of 14.4 cM. Bphl and bph2 were linked to each other with a distance of about 30 cM. An RFLP marker, RG413 linked to Bphl, was converted to an STS marker to facilitate the marker-assisted selection. BPH resistant genotypes could be selected with 92% accuracy in a population derived from a line of NM47-B-B.