• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.511-525
• /
• 2014

The main object of this study is to determine and compare the structural behavior of base isolated long span highway bridge, $G\ddot{u}lburnu$ Highway Bridge, using single concave friction pendulum (SCFP) and triple concave friction pendulum (TCFP). The bridge is seismically isolated in the design phase to increase the main period and reduce the horizontal forces with moments using SCFP bearings. In the content of the paper, firstly three dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the bridge is constituted using project drawings by SAP2000 software. The dynamic characteristics such as natural frequencies and periods, and the structural response such as displacements, axial forces, shear forces and torsional moments are attained from the modal and dynamic analyses. After, FEM of the bridge is updated using TCFP and the analyses are performed. At the end of the study, the dynamic characteristics and internal forces are compared with each other to extract the TCFP effect. To emphasize the base isolation effect, the non-isolated structural analysis results are added to graphics. The predominant frequencies of bridge non-isolated, isolated with SCFP and isolated with TCFP conditions decreased from 0.849Hz to 0.497Hz and 0.338Hz, respectively. The maximum vertical displacements are obtained as 57cm, 54cm and 44cm for non-isolated, isolated with SCFP and isolated with TCFP conditions, respectively. The maximum vertical displacement reduction between isolated with TCFP bearing and isolated with SCFP bearing bridge is %23. Maximum axial forces are obtained as 60619kN, 18728kN and 7382kN, maximum shear forces are obtained as 23408kN, 17913kN and 16249kN and maximum torsional moments are obtained as 24020kNm, 7619kNm and 3840kNm for non-isolated, isolated with SCFP and isolated with TCFP conditions, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.1313-1323
• /
• 2016

To study the full health effects of parental radiation exposure on the children of the atomic bomb survivors, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation developed a cohort of 76,814 children born to atomic bomb survivors (F1 generation) to assess cancer incidence and mortality from common adult diseases. In analyzing radiation-associated health information, it is important to be able to adjust for sociodemographic and lifestyle variations that may affect health. In order to gain this and other background information on the F1 cohort and to determine willingness to participate in a related clinical study, the F1 Mail Survey Questionnaire was designed with questions corresponding to relevant health, sociodemographic, and lifestyle indicators. Between the years 2000 and 2006, the survey was sent to a subset of the F1 Mortality Cohort. A total of 16,183 surveys were completed and returned: 10,980 surveys from Hiroshima residents and 5,203 from Nagasaki residents. The response rate was 65.6%, varying somewhat across parental exposure category, city, gender, and year of birth. Differences in health and lifestyle were noted in several variables on comparison across city and gender. No major differences in health, lifestyle, sociodemographics, or disease were seen across parental exposure categories, though statistically significant tests for heterogeneity and linear trend revealed some possible changes with dose. The data described herein provide a foundation for studies in the future.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2000

Sex pheromone composition was analyzed for Dichocrocis punctiferalis, which attacksapple, peach, chestnut fruits, etc., and its behavioral and field trapping studies were conducted to developa monitoring system with its sex pheromone. Virgin females showed maximum mating behavior andhairpencil extrusion behavior between 4-5 hrs after lights-off under 16L18D photoperiod and 26rf 1 "C.During this period, two sex pheromone components, ElO-hexadecenal and ZlO-hexadecenal, weredetected by GC analysis in the hexane extract of abdominal tips of virgin females. The best attraction ofmales to various synthetic sex pheromone blends was obtained at the 70 : 30 ratio of ElO-hexadecenal andZ10-hexadecenal for hair pencil extrusion and at the 80 : 20 ratio for flying upwind response. The highestattractiveness in fields was obtained between 70 : 30 and 80 : 20 from several tests in apple, peach andchestnut orchards.and chestnut orchards.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.154-159
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to elucidate the symptom of leaf injury to ozone and to determine varietal difference to ozone injury in rice and soybean plant. Ozone was produced by electrostatic discharge in oxygen and was monitored by UV absorption ozone analyzer. The rice leaves were spotted red and rolling leaf edge, discolored to reddish brown or yellowish white in response to ozone, and the leaves that were severely stressed were withered from the tip of leaf. The soybean ones were also discolored to lemon yellow, yellow or dark brown. The leaf injury in both rice and soybean was clearly appeared at the reverse side of leaf and in lower leaves. Milyang 23 and Nonganbyeo among rice cultivars tested were resistant to ozone, but Chucheongbyeo was resistant to it. The ratio of leaf injury was increased and chlorophyll content was decreased as the extension of ozone exposure from 2 to 8 hours in rice. Keunolkong and Danyeopkong among soybean cultivars tested showed resistant reaction to ozone, but Kwangankong and Muhankong were susceptible to it. It was observed that the soybean plants grown for 45 days after seeding were severely damaged by ozone than those of other growth stages.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.208-215
• /
• 2003

Bisphenol A (4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol, $C^{15}H_{16}O_{2}$) is the monomer used in the manufacture of polycarbonate. Polycarbonate, in turn, is used in a wide array of plastic products, with new applications continuously being developed. Also it has been used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics for food container. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of bisphenol A on lactation period to dams and F1. Sprague-Dawley females were mated with on 2 : 1 ratio basis. Various doses of bisphenol A (0, 2, 20, 200, and 2,000 ${\mu}g kg^{-1}$) were daily administered to females for 21 days after parturition. Dams and offsprings were sacrificed at the time of weaning. The results were as fellows, 2000 ${\mu}g \; kg^{-1}$ / of bisphenol A decreased the dams' body weight at post-partum 18 days and also 200 and 2,000 ${\mu}g \;kg^{-1}$ of bisphenol A decreased the body weight of neonates at the days of post-partum 21 days. Bisphenol A increased the relative weights of liver and spleen in male offsprings, depending on the doses. But female offsprings showed high relative organ weights of ovaries, and low relative organ weights of uterine in a some dose-response manners. High dose of bisphenol A induced low viability of neonates exposed during lactation period. The dams treated with bisphenol A showed prematured estrous stage. Bisphenol A was recovered about 21.2% average in serum of dams, and also in offsprings'. The results indicate that the bisphenol A induces estrous cycle during lactation period in dams, also reaches to the offspring through breast milk. Thus bisphenol A exopsed to dams and neonates via lactation induces some estrogenic and tonic effects.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.605-613
• /
• 2000

Objective : The investigation had been performed since from January 1st to August 31th of 1998. The patients for the experiment were mainly composed of patients who had trouble in breathing due to the pneumonectasis, asthmas, pneumonias. The percent of men is 67% in sex distribution and the ratio of persons over 50's was 85%, The effect was invastgated for the labored respiration who had Keumsuyukunjeon. Methods : In this research, some remarkable results are referred which were detected by measuring the variations of the breathing volume of 20 patients after taking Keumsuyukunjeon. Picrometer is used for the measurement of the volume. Results : From the relations between the breathing volume before treatment and the enhancement ratio, the increase of the enhancement ratio and the better response to the medicine were shown to the more serious patients. The period of treatment was 27.5 days average. The enhancement ratio of smoker was 23, and that of non-smoker was 50. At the test of relation between the trouble rate in breathing and the enhancement ratio, Grade ill shows the highest enhancement value 50%. conclusions : It is found that Keumsuyukunjeon gives a noticeable benefit for the patients whose main symptom was breathing problem. Long-term treatments for the serious and aged patients will make much more efficient to the reduction of the symptoms.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2000

Antidotal efficacy of physostigmine plus procyclidine, the combinational prophylactics for organophosphate poisoning, was evaluated in rats and guinea pigs. To assess the dose-response relation-ship in rats, various doses (0.3-6.0mg/kg) of procyclidine in combination with a fixed dose (0.1mg/kg) of physostigmine were pretreated subcutaneously 30 min prior to subcutaneous exposure to nerve-agents. Physostigmine alone exerted protection ratios of 2.44, 1.20, 1.50, 1.50 and 2.20 folds for tabun, sarin, soman, cyclosarin and V-agent, respectively. Interestingly, coadmnistration of procyclidine with physostigmine exhibited remarkable synergistic effects in a dose-dependent manner, leading to 4.00~8.00 folds for tabun, 2.15-8.50 folds for sarin, 1.92~507 folds for so man, 2.15~2.90 folds for cyclosarin, and 2.71~10.50 folds for V-agent. On the contrary, a low effect (l.65 fold) was achieved with the traditional antidotes atropine (17.4 mg/kg) plus 2-pralidoxime (30 mg/kg) treated immediately after soman poisoning. Noteworthy, the combinational prophylactics markedly potentiated the effect of atropine plus 2-pralidoxime to 6.13 and 12.27 folds with 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg of procyclidine, respectively, against soman poisoning. In guinea pigs, the physostigmine plus procyclidine prophylactics exerted protective effects of 3.00~4.70 folds against soman intoxcation, which were much higher at low doses (0.3~1.0 mg/kg) of procyclidine than those in rats. Taken together, it is proposed that the combinational prophylactics composed oj physostigmine and procyclidine could be a promising antidote regimen for the poisoning with organophosphates possessing diverse properties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2000

The cycloooxygenase enzymes catalyze the oxidative conversion of arachidonic acid into prostag1andin H$_2$Which mediates both benificial and pathological effects. The COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues and in blood platelets wherease the expression of COX-2 isoform is induced in response to inflmmatory stimuli such as cyctokynes. Thus the identification of a novel COX-2 selective inhibitor should offer excellent antiinflammatory activity with minimal side effects such as gastrointestinal toxicity. Recently, a group of structurally unique and biologically active pimarane diterpenoids has been isolated from indigenous Korean medicinal plants. These new diterpenoids turned out to be potential analgesic and antiinflammatory agent due to their potent inhibitory activities of prostaglandin synthesis. We have also found that the inhibition of PGE$_2$synthesis is attributed to the potent COX inhibition by pimarane diterpenoid in arachidonic acid cascade. In conjunction with development of new analgesic and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent, a series of works on these diterpenoids have been extensively carried out in our laboratories. These efforts involve the structure-activity relationship of pimaradienoic acid, molecular modelings and COX inibitory activities as well as actiinflammatory effects of its structural analogues. In addition, the total syntheses of the new natural pimarane diterpenoids, their stereoisomers and other structural variants were intensively investigated.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 2000

The photosensory ciliates Blepharisma japonicum and Stentor coeruleus use the hypericin-derived pigments blepharismin and stentorin, respectively, as photoreceptor chromophores. Fluorescence quenching studies have shown that the first excited singlet state of hypericin and the purified chromophores blepharismin and stentorin can be deactivated by electron transfer to an acceptor molecule with a suitable reducing potential [1,2]. This paper reports the result of a series of photobehavioral experiments performed with the aim to ascertain if the same electron accepters which quench the photoreceptor pigment fluorescence in vitro may also compete with the native acceptor molecule in its natural physiological environment. Individual cell trajectories were examined before and after light stimulation, in the presence and in the absence of potential "in vivo" electron accepters, with a microvideo-recording apparatus. Our data, on Blepharisma cells, showed that as the negative reduction potential of the electron acceptor increases, a pronounced decrease in cell photoresponsiveness was detected. A dramatic effect on cell photoresponsiveness was noticed in the presence of 1,4-benzoquinone that has the lowest negative reduction potential. Such an effect on the percentage of photoreacting cells was moderate in the case of 1,4-naphthoquinone, with a relatively higher negative reduction potential. In the presence of benzophenone, which has the highest negative reduction potential, no significant effect on photoreacting cells was noticed. Our results can support the hypothesis that in the pigment granules such a light-induced charge transfer from excited blepharismin to a suitable electron acceptor triggers sensory transduction processes in B. japonicum.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• v.10
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 2000

Microwave response of intrinsic Josephson junctions in mesa structure formed on HgI2-intercalated Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x single crystals was studied in a wide range of microwave frequency. With irradiation of 73${\sim}$76 GHz microwave, the supercurrent branch becomes resistive above a certain onset microwave power. At low current bias, the current-voltage characteristics show linear behavior, while at high current bias, the resistive branch splits into multiple sub-branches. The voltage spacing between neighboring sub-branches increase with the microwave power and the total number of sub-branches is almost identical to the number of intrinsic Josephson junctions in the mesa. All the experimental results suggest that each sub-branch represents a specific mode of collective motion of Josephson vortices generated by the microwave irradiation. With irradiation of microwave of microwave of frequency lower than 20 GHz, on the other hand, no branch splitting was observed and the current-voltage characteristics exhibited complex behavior at hlgh blas currents. This result can be explained in terms of incoherent motion of Josephson vortices generated by non-uniform microwave irradiation.