• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2006

Plant metabolomics is a plant biology field for identifying all of the metabolites found in a certain plant cell, tissue, organ, or whole plant in a given time and conditions and for studying changes in metabolic profiling as time goes or conditions change. Metabolomics is one of the most recently developed omics for holistic approach to biology and is a kind of systems biology. For holistic approach, metabolomics frequently uses chemometrics or multivariate statistical analysis of metabolic profillings. In plant biology, metabolomics is useful to determine functions of genes often in combination with DHA microarrays by analyzing tagged mutants of the model plants Arabidopsis and rice. This review paper attempted to introduce basic concepts of metabolomics and practical uses of multivariate statistical analysis of metabolic profiling obtained by $^1$H HMR and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.94-104
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• 2015

Background: Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is an important medicinal herbs in Asia. However, ginseng varieties are less developed. Method: To developed ginseng varieties, a pure line selection method was applied in this study. Results: Gumpoong was testing of 4-yr-old specimens in 2002, the proportions of the below-ground roots that were rusty colored for Gumpoong was 1.29 in Daejeon and 1.45 in Eumseong, whereas the proportions for its yellow berry variant were 2.60 and 2.45 in the two regions, respectively. Thus the Gumpoong was resistant to root rust. Sunpoong has a high yielding property. Its average root weight is 70.6 g for 6-yr-old roots. Its yield is 2.9 kg/$1.62m^2$ and the rate of heaven- and earth-grade product is 20.9%, which is very high compared to 9.4% for Yunpoong. Sunone is resistance to root rot and the survival rate of 4-yr-old roots was 44.4% in 1997, whereas that of the violet-stem variant landrace was 21.7%. Sunhyang has content of arginyl-fructosyl-glucose (AFG), which produces the unique scent of red ginseng, is $95.1{\mu}mol/g$ and greater than the $30.8{\mu}mol/g$ of Chunpoong in 6-yr-old plants. Sunun and Cheongsun are being nurtured to protect genetic resources. Conclusion: Developed ginsneg varieties will be used as the basis for the protection of genetic resources and breeding.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2017

Prangos fedtschenkoi (Regel et Schmalh.) Korovin (Apiaceae) is an endemic species for mountainous Middle Asia, which is both a rare and useful plant. Organic extractions from this species are being used in pharmaceutics and cosmetology. In recent years, P. fedtschenkoi distribution area has considerably decreased, presumably, resulting from human activities such as agriculture, construction works, overgrazing and collection from wild for pharmaceutic purposes. Six populations were found in Uzbekistan and their genetic divergence and differentiation were studied with 10 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers, selected out of 101. Totally 166 amplified ISSR fragments (loci) were revealed, of which 164 were polymorphic. Relatively moderate level of polymorphism was found at population level with polymorphic bands ranging from 27.71% to 47.59%. Mean P = 39.05%, $N_a=1.40$, $N_e=1.25$, S.I. = 0.21, and $H_e=0.14$ were revealed for all loci across six populations. AMOVA showed higher variation among populations (62%) than within them (38%). The Bayesian model determined 5 clusters, or genetic groups. The posteriori distribution of the Theta II estimator detected full model identifying high inbreeding, intensified by low gene flow (Nm = 0.3954). Mantel test confined population 6 as distinct cluster corresponding to geographic remoteness (R = 0.5137, $p{\leq}0.005$). Results were used as the bases for developing conserve measures to restore populations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.3 s.39
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• pp.57-70
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• 1990

This study is on system building and model case study to establish a new framework of "The Wild and Scenic Rivers System" and to apply this to Korean rivers. The Wild and Scenic Rivers System of the U. S. , which had become law in 1968 for establishing wild scenic and recreational river areas, was investigated. The techniques of two American case studies about the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System designation were investigated and synthesized, and study process was adjusted to Korean river system. Additionally, pilot study was carried out by the method and results were as follows : 1) In the American Wild and Scenic Rivers System, each river was evaluated based on eligibility criteria for designation, such as remarkable scenic, recreational, fish and wildlife, cultural or other ecological values. Segmented river areas were classified into three or four grades and management plans were prepared accordingly. 2) The management of rivers in Korea has emphasized on the flood control and water resources management up to the present, and now takes a growing interest in water quality. But it has been concerned very little with wild and scenic resources conservation of river corridors. It is strongly recommended to build Wild and Scenic Rivers System in Korea for rational management and conservation of the valuable natural resource. 3) Suggested evaluation criteria for the Korean Wild and Scenic Rivers System were wildness, wildlife and plants, hydrology, scenic quality, and historical and cultural resources. The river areas may be graded into four : Positive conservation area(I), Negative conservation area(II), Negative development area(III), Positive development area(IV). Management guidelines were proposed for each grade. 4) To test the applicability of the approach, one of the major tributary of the Han-River was selected for pilot study. The result showed that the evaluation and grading system worked well. Finally, it is recommended to incorporate the Wild and Scenic Rivers System into Korean national park system, and to amend the Korean National Park Act to enable this.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 2011

This study was aimed to select the optimal mat condition using existing plant-mats for the efficient planting of bedding Chrysanthemum. At fifty days after cutting with Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Ford', root formation among the treatments using eight different mats outstood with the treatment using 10 mm thick coir net, which has medium inserted between mat layers - called C treatment, compared to other treatments; this treatment had the highest values in the plant height and shoot fresh weight, which were 29 cm and 5.6 g, respectively. On the contrary, in 40 days after transplanting root-formed mats to field, 12 mm thick jute net, which has medium inserted between mat layers, had the highest plants compared to other treatments. However, there was no significant difference in shoot weight compared to C treatment. In experiment of different lengths of cut, the results of growth after transplanting showed that 5 cm long cut performed best compared to 3 and 8 cm long cuts.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2018

Recently, as the demand for limited resources continues to rise and problems of resource depletion rise worldwide, the importance of renewable energy is gradually increasing. In order to solve these problems, various methods such as energy conservation and alternative energy development have been suggested, and biogas, which can utilize the gas produced from biomass as fuel, is also receiving attention as the next generation of innovative renewable energy. New and renewable energy using biogas is an energy production method that is expected to be possible in large scale because it can supply energy with high efficiency in compliance with energy supply method of recycling conventional resources. In order to more efficiently produce and manage these biogas, a biogas plant has emerged. In recent years, a large number of biogas plants have been installed and operated in various locations. Organic wastes corresponding to biogas production resources in a biogas plant exist in a wide variety of types, and each of the incoming raw materials is processed in different processes. Because such a process is required, the case where the biogas plant process is inefficiently operated is continuously occurring, and the economic cost consumed for the operation of the biogas production relative to the generated biogas production is further increased. In order to solve such problems, various attempts such as process analysis and feedback based on the feedstock have been continued but it is a passive method and very limited to operate a medium/large scale biogas plant. In this paper, we propose "CNN-based production yield prediction algorithm for increasing process efficiency of biogas plant" for efficient operation of biogas plant process. Based on CNN-based production yield forecasting, which is one of the deep-leaning technologies, it enables mechanical analysis of the process operation process and provides a solution for optimal process operation due to process-related accumulated data analyzed by the automated process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.158-163
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• 2013

While job stress evaluations are reported in the recent surveys upon the nuclear power plants(NPPs), any significant advance in the types of questionnaires is not currently found. There are limitations to their usefulness as analytic tools for the management of safety resources in NPPs. Data mining(DM) has emerged as one of the key features for data computing and analysis to conduct a survey analysis. There are still limitations to its capability such as dimensionality associated with many survey questions and quality of information. Even though some survey methods may have significant advantages, often these methods do not provide enough evidence of causal relationships and the statistical inferences among a large number of input factors and responses. In order to address these limitations on the data computing and analysis capabilities, we propose an advanced procedure of survey analysis incorporating the DM method into a statistical analysis. The DM method can reduce dimensionality of risk factors, but DM method may not discuss the robustness of solutions, either by considering data preprocesses for outliers and missing values, or by considering uncontrollable noise factors. We propose three steps to address these limitations. The first step shows data mining with response surface method(RSM), to deal with specific situations by creating a new method called response surface data mining(RSDM). The second step follows the RSDM with detailed statistical relationships between the risk factors and the response of interest, and shows the demonstration the proposed RSDM can effectively find significant physical, psycho-social, and environmental risk factors by reducing the dimensionality with the process providing detailed statistical inferences. The final step suggest a robust stress management system which effectively manage job stress of the workers in NPPs as a part of a safety resource management using the surrogate variable concept.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop a simulator which can analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of medical herbs based on e-cell concerning p38 MAPK signal pathway. Methods : We collected data concerning medical herbs with anti-inflammatory effects and the active compounds to provide as a fundamental databse and to validate the newly developed algorithm. At this time, we used the target database as pubmed and gathered the data by data mining tool, pathway studio. Also we have developed the web-based search system for confirming database related to anti-inflammation. We researched the mechanism of actions of proteins in p38 MAPK signal pathway when active compound has been inserted into the network. We reduced total network into TAK-MKK3-p38 and made the two types of mathematical model about active compounds' interaction. Results & Conclusion : We constructed the database which have 69 cases of medical herbs, 71 cases of active compounds, about 8,000 cases of URL(Uniform Resource Locator) related to papers and reports. We designed the ordinary differential equations for response of TAK, MKK3, p38 in e-cell's cytosol and nucleus. We used this formular as measure whether an active compound of medicinal plants which is inputted by an user would have an anti-inflammation effects. We developed the visualization program which could show the change of concentration over time.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.447-453
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• 2012

This study was conducted to determine the contents of phenolic compounds and astragalosides in Astragalus membranaceus. Between the phenolic compound groups, flavonoids compounds (51.13%) had higher average concentrations than the phenolic acids groups. Among the 30 phenolic compounds, quercetin ($353.11{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) provided the highest concentrations. According to different cultivation year, 3-year-cultivated Astragalus ($2612.57{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds. According to different harvest days, 6/5 harvesting Astragalus ($2615.80{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) showed the highest concentrations of phenolic acids. Comparison between the top and subterranean parts of harvested Astragalus plants cultivated for 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years showed big difference of total phenolic compounds in concentrations. Further, the top part had higher amounts of the total phenolic compounds than the subterranean part among all Astragalus. This tendency was similar to those of the top root and lateral root. The concentration of the phenolic compounds in the top root was higher than that of the lateral root.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.394-400
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• 2011

Ancient mix seeding that started in China and generated in Korea is one of the methods of securing foods against natural calamities. The history of this technology was excerpted and presented from Chinese agricultural books as "Jeminyosul"(closely one upon the other 5C), "Wangjungnongseo"(from 1313) and Korean agricultural books as "Nongsajikseol"(from 1429), "Hanjeongrok"(from 1610), "Saekyeong" (from 1676), "Jeungbosanrimkyeongje"(from 1766), "Kwanongsocho"(from 1799), "Rimwonkyeongje" (from 1843). In this study, we suggested new environment-friendly agricultural technique to save labors using ancient mix seeding principle, which is seeding different varieties rice without fertilizer and agricultural pesticides. It is essential prerequisite to have the process such as injecting Azolla, no-tillage direct and broadcast seeding with multiple varieties of rice. Based on the results of previous studies, we evaluated the practical validity.