• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.201-210
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate the content of inorganic nitrogen($NH_4$, $NO_3$) and its change in the 7 different sites; the permanent meadows of alfalfa, orchardgrass, and reed canarygrass, the fields of rye. corn, rice and a mountain region. the results from this study were summarized as follows; 1. The contents of ammonium and nitrate in meadows were 15.89-16.46 and 1.32-1.86ppm, respectively, showing the lower level than in other sites and no significant diffirences among three meadows. 2. In the rice field, the average content of ammonium(7.19ppm) was the highest among all sites, but the content of nitrate(1 l.l7ppm) was the lowest. In addition, almost all of nitrate were spreaded around the surface. 3. In the mountain region, the content of $NH_4$(5.79ppm) was slightly high, but the content of nitrate ( 15.18ppm) was very low. 4. In the rye field. the average content of $NO_3$ was 35.46ppm and show the highest (92.63ppm) at the deep part of soil in the specific season, but it decreased with increasing temperature. 5. In the corn field, which kept bare after harvesting the corn silage, the content of $NO_3$ was high, regardless of seasons and depths, and increased up to maximum of 103ppm. 6. The ground water concentrations of $NO_3$ were not more than 50ppm in the pasture. In the vegetable house, they were less than 30 ppm during the winter and spring and were 80-100ppm during the summer and fall. 7. The concentrations of $NO_3$ in Han river water were lower during the winter and spring(20-30ppm) and higher dxring the summer and fall (50-90ppm).

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine objectively pre and post operative voice quality evaluation and intelligibility of alaryngeal voice using speech recognition program, HUVOIS. Materials and Methods : 2 laryngologists and 1 speech pathologist were evaluated 'G', 'R', 'B' in the GRBAS sclae and speech intelligibility using NTID rating scale from standard paragraph. And also acoustic estimates such as jitter, shimmer, HNR were obtained from Lx Speech Studio. Results : Speech recognition rate was not significantly different between pre and post operation for pathological vocie samples though voice quality(G, B) and acoustic values(Jitter, HNR) were significantly improved after post operation. In Alaryngeal voices, reed type electrolarynx 'Moksori' was the highest both speech intelligibility and speech recognition rate, whereas esophageal speech was the lowest. Coefficient correlation of speech intelligibility and speech recognition rate was found in alaryngeal voices, but not in pathological voices. Conclusion : Current study was not proved speech recognition program, HUVOIS during telephone program was not objective and efficient method for assisting subjective GRBAS scale.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.273-276
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• 1992

Present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the lead contents of various feedstuffs produced in Chonbuk area. Fifty-five samples were collected from 5 regions. All of the samples were dry-ashed and analyzed for lead content using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as followed : 1. The lead content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of agriculture by-products were measured with the following mean values and ranges : soybean pod 7.01${\pm}$2.49(4.71∼10.66), rice bran 4.56${\pm}$0.90(3.17∼5.65), rice straw 3.89${\pm}$2.01(1.29∼6.33), rice hull 1.92${\pm}$1.77(0∼3.63). 2. The lead content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of pasture plants were measured with the following mean values and ranges : kudzu 20.29${\pm}$4.75(14.84∼25.34), clover 13.92${\pm}$2.68(10.17∼16.44), lespedeza 10.91${\pm}$9.00 (3.35∼23.54), sagebrush 10.75${\pm}$3.28(5.14∼13.18), Korean lawn grass 5.05${\pm}$2.29(2.57∼7.79), cornstalk 3.91${\pm}$2.55(0.50∼7.22), reed 2.92${\pm}$1.88(0.50∼5.73). 3. Seventeen samples (30.9%) out of 55 samples showed lead content of more than 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/g which are said to be the upper limit value for all animals. 4. The regional mean v짓ues for 리1 kinds of samples were Wanju-gun 10.02${\pm}$8.55$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Mooju-gun 8.16${\pm}$4.91$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Namwon-gun 7.09${\pm}$4.59$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Okgu-gun 7.06${\pm}$7.11$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Jeongup-gun 6.35${\pm}$6.50$\mu\textrm{g}$/g.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.267-271
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• 1992

Present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the cadmium contents of various feedstuffs produced in Chonbuk area. Fifty-five samples were collected from 5 regions. All of the samples were dry-ashed and analyzed for cadmium content using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as followed : 1. The cadmium content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of agriculture by-products were measured with the following mean values and ranges : soybean pod 3.15${\pm}$0.51(2.40∼3.81), rice bran 2.87${\pm}$0.23(2.50∼3.09), rice straw 1.66${\pm}$0.85(1.08∼3.14), rice hull 0.86${\pm}$0.45(0.41∼1.35). 2. The cadmium content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of pasture plants were measured with the following mean values and ranges : kudzu 5.65${\pm}$1.00(4.87∼7.29), sagebrush 4.86${\pm}$1.24(2.89∼6.24), clove, 4.28${\pm}$0.75(2.99∼4.86), lespedeza 3.99${\pm}$1.21(2.38∼4.94), Korean lawn grass 2.24${\pm}$1.04(1.33∼3.44), reed 1.99${\pm}$0.95(0.88∼2.91), cornstalk 1.61${\pm}$0.99(0.38∼3.12). 3. The regional mean values for all kinds of samples were Okgu-gun 3.19${\pm}$2.09$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Mooju-gun 3.15${\pm}$1.73$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Wanju-gun 3.05${\pm}$1.76$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Namwon-gun 2.85${\pm}$1.70$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Jeongup-gun 2.85${\pm}$1.25$\mu\textrm{g}$/g.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2007

These days, hair design is recognized as a kind of molding arts which peform expression skill to create personal self as well as practical skill. Recently, the efforts to express hair design sublimating it to art works have continued. For these reasons, this study had purposes as follows; First, it developed creative and original design producing works to shape the flower image that was an important material of hair design. Second, it presented the possibility to express the field of hair design with art. In the flow of age, nature has provided design with unlimited creative motive. Flowers, among various materials, show the nature's change, combination and order and impose diverse symbolic meanings. Therefore, flowers are good materials to express the works. Through the process of decolorizing and dyeing with hair, five works of nature's fragrance, hope, reed flowers, windflower, magnolia blossom had been produced. The results of the process were as follows; First, the transformation of shape through the simple process taking the image of shaping flower as subject matter could be a motive of new hair design art. Second, if the various images of flowers were expressed as hair art with three-dimensional shape, it could be works with value of beauty. Through the process of this study, it was proved that nature could be endless subject matter for art. Therefore, with continuous studies, it can be motive of developing designs in producing work activities of many hair designers. In addition, academic development will be achieved through wide and diverse studies.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제11A권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 차세대 디지털 방송규격인 지상파 DM용 Outer 인코더/디코더를 설계하고 ALTERA의 FPGA를 이용하여 구현하고 검증하였다. 인코더 부분에서는 입력되는 MPEG-2 TS 패킷(188바이트)으로부터 비트 시리얼 알고리즘을 이용한 RS(Reed-Solomon) 인코더를 이용해 패리티 바이트(16바이트)를 생성하고 군집에러를 효과적으로 수정하기 위해 콘볼루션 인터리버를 구현해 데이터를 분산 출력 시켰다. 디코더 부분에서는 인코더에서 송신된 데이터에서 DMB에 적합한 동기 바이트 검출하는 알고리즘을 제시하였으며, RS디코더는 수정된 유클리드 알고리즘을 적용하여 회로구성을 간략화 하였다. 본 시스템은 하나의 패킷에서 최대 8바이트의 에러를 수정할 수 있고, C언어를 이용하여 알고리즘을 검증하고 VHDL로 작성하였으며, FPGA 칩 상에서 회로를 검증하였다.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.217-228
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• 2001

Cancer survivor's self-help group may promote psychosocial adjustment in cancer patients. Self-transcendence has been shown to be related with crisis and adjustment in women with breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of self-transcendence promoting program to facilitate self-transcendence, physical, and emotional well-being in women with breast cancer. Thirty patients who received mastectomy were recruited, but 9 subjects of experimental group and 14 subjects of control group participated in this study. Subjects of experimental group attended the self-help group for self-transcendence once a week for 6 weeks. Each session of program was proceeded for 2hours and the program contained activities for promoting self-transcendence, stress management, communication skill, exercise and relaxation, symptom management, and family support. Data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires within seven days after mastectomy and after the program was finished in experimental group, within 7 days after mastectomy and after 3 months in control group. Self-transcendence was assessed using the self-transcendence scale (STS) developed by Reed. Physical well being was assessed using Symptom distress scale (SDS) developed by McCorkle and Young and emotional well being was assessed using Profile of mood states (POMS). As a result, no significant differences were found between both groups in changes of self-transcendence, emotional well-being, and physical well-being. Self-transcendence score was significantly decreased in control group (p =0.16). But that of experimental group showed no decrease. In conclusions, when the self-transcendence promoting program is provided to the patients with breast cancer, it can be helpful for promoting self- transcendence. For the further study, repeated research with appropriate sample size and more intensive nursing intervention to promote self-transcendence is suggested. And reassessment after 6 months is recommended for testing long term effects of the program.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.426-432
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• 2000

Field experiment was performed from August 1996 to December 1999 to examine the feasibility of constructed wetland system for sewage treatment in rural areas. A pilot system was installed in Konkuk University and the effluent of septic tank for school building was used as an influent to the wetland treatment basin. The system was composed of sand and reed, and operated continuously including winter time. Average removal rate of about 70% was observed for BOD, COD, and SS, about 50% for T-P, and about 25% for T-N. The reason for poor T-N removal might be due to high loading rate and short retention time. The system demonstrated satisfactory effluent concentration and stable performance in growing season. And it also worked adequately in wintertime even below $10^{\circ}C$ without freezing, and removal was still significant. The amount removed in BOD, COD, and SS was almost the same as in the growing season, and the amount removed in nutrients was about half of the one in growing season. Overall performance of the experimental system was compared with existing data base (NADB, 1994), and it was within the range of general system performance. As study period increased, removal rates for BOD, COD, SS, and T-P were consistently maintained and even enhanced, but removal rate for T-N decreased slightly. Wetland system was thought to be a feasible alternative for sewage treatment in rural area considering its low cost and low maintenance requirement. However, the effluent of the experimental wetland system often exceeded current effluent water quality standards, therefore, further treatment could be required if the effluent should be discharged to public waters. Wetland system of interest locates in rural area and is a part of rural ecosystem, therefore, ultimate disposal of reclaimed sewage for agricultural purpose or subsequent land treatment might be available and further research in this matter is recommended.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2000

본 시험은 국내에서 수입되어 유통되고 있는 몇 가지 수입 조사료를 충남지역 소재 개인 도매상으로부터 1999년 수집 하여 화학적 성 분, 건물 소화율, 건불 섭취량, 상대적 사료가치 및 건초 등급 등을 분석하여 수입 조사료에 대한 품질을 비교 평가하는데 기초자료로 활용하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 공시된 조사료는 옥수수 베일, 톨 페스큐 straw, 그린셀(사탕수수 잎), 버뮤다그라스 straw, 리드카나리그라스 straw, 알팔파 베일, 사탕수수 베일과 연맥 건초 등 8종이었으며, 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 국내에서 재배한 혼합건초에 비하여 알팔파 베일을 제외한 공시된 대부분의 수입 조사료원은 대 체적으로 조단백질 함량이 낮고, 섬유소물질의 함량이 높은 결과를 보였다. 더욱이 수입 조사료의 건울 소화율, 건물 섭취량, 상대적 사료가치(RFV) 빚 건초등급 등은 대조구인 흔합건초와 비교할 때 알팔파 베일을 제외하고는 현저히 품질이 떨어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 수입되는 조사료에 대해서는 품질을 고려한 경제가치의 검증이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.195-199
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• 2010

과학기술위성3호에서는 탑재체 데이터를 지상으로 전송할 때 발생하는 데이터의 오류를 검출하고 정정하기 위해서 CCSDS에서 표준으로 채택하고 있는 RS(255,223) 코드를 사용 하였다. RS Encoder가 VHDL로 개발되어 대용량 메모리 유닛에 적용 되었으며 오류 정정을 위한 Decoder는 지상국의 데이터 수신 처리 시스템에 적용 되었다. 본 연구에서는 RS(255,223) 코드의 설계와 성능 분석 결과를 나타내었다. 16 Mbps의 하향링크 시험을 통해서 BER 성능을 측정 하였으며 X-대역 송신기를 이용하여 통신 선로상에 인위적으로 에러를 인가 하였을 때의 RS(255,223) 코드의 에러 복원 결과를 나타내었다.