• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.4007-4011
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the expression of RECK and relevant matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in hepatoblastoma (HB) and neuroblastoma (NB) and their clinical significance in the tumor metastasis. Materials and Methods: Forty-five wax-stone samples of HB and 43 wax-stone samples of NB removed by surgical resection and confirmed by pathology in Linyi Yishui Central Hospital were selected. According to presence and absence of metastasis, both NB and HB samples were divided into metastatic group and non-metastatic group, namely NB metastatic group (n=28), NB non-metastatic group (n=15), HB metastatic group (n=15) and HB non-metastatic group (n=30). The expression of RECK, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in HB tissue and RECK, MMP-14 in NB tissue was detected using immunohistochemical method, and the correlation between RECK and MT1-MMP, MMP-14 was analyzed. Results: The metastatic rate of NB was dramatically higher than that of HB, with statistical significance (P=0.003). The positive rate of RECK expression in NB group (30.2%) was slightly lower than in HB group (40.0%), but no significant difference was presented (P=0.338). The positive rate of MMPs expression in NB metastatic group was evidently higher than in HB metastatic group (P=0.024). The results of Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the expression of RECK in HB and NB tissues had a significantly-negative correlation with MT1-MMP and MMP-14, respectively (r=-0.499, P=0.012; r=-0.636, P=0.000). Conclusions: In HB and NB tissues, RECK is expressed lowly, while relevant MMPs highly, and RECK inhibits the tumor invasion and metastasis through negative regulation of relevant MMPs.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2008

Radiotherapy is an important treatment for many malignant tumors, but there are recent reports that radiation may increase the malignancy of cancer cells by stimulating expression of type IV collagenases. In this study, we examined changes in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors, such as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2 and RECK, in response to irradiation in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells. Irradiation increased RECK protein levels but not mRNA levels, whereas no significant changes were found in TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The enhanced RECK protein levels were associated with an increase in MMP inhibitory activity. However, irradiation slightly but reproducibly increased the invasiveness of the Panc-1 cells. Like irradiation, treatment of Panc-1 cells with transforming growth factor $(TGF)-{\beta}1$ led to a 2-fold increase in RECK protein levels. Transient transfection with Smad3 also increased RECK protein levels, but transfection with Smad7 markedly reduced them. Stable expression of Smad7 and treatment with SB431542, an inhibitor of $TGF-{\beta}$ receptor I kinase, abolished $TGF-{\beta}1$- and radiation-mediated effects on RECK. Furthermore, irradiation increased levels of phosphorylated Smad3. We conclude that radiation post-transciptionally enhances RECK protein levels in Panc-1 cells, at least in part, via $TGF-{\beta}$ signaling, and that irradiation increases Panc-1 invasiveness via a mechanism that may not be linked to MMP-2 activity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.2113-2118
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• 2013

Aim and Background: Cervical cancer remains the third most common cancer in women globally after breast and colorectal cancer. Well-characterized biomarkers are necessary for early diagnosis and to predict metastatic progression and effective therapy. MiRNAs can regulate gene expression, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation in tumor cells. The present study was conducted to assess expression of miR93, miR200a, RECK, MMP2, MMP9 in invasive cervical carcinoma, and analyze their clinical significance. Method: A total of 116 patients with invasive cervical carcinoma and 100 patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign lesions were retrospectively examined. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine expression of miR93 and miR200a while RECK, MMP2, MMP9 and MVD were assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Cervical carcinoma patients demonstrated up-regulation of miR-93, miR-200a, MMP2 and MMP9, with down-regulation of RECK as compared to benign lesion tissues. RECK was significantly inversely related to invasion and lymphatic metastasis. The 5-year survival rate for patients with strong RECK expression was significantly higher than that with weakly expressing tumors. Conclusion: MiR-93 and miR-200a are associated with metastasis and invasion of cervical carcinoma. Thus together with RECK they are potential prognostic markers for cervical carcinoma. RECK cooperating with MMP2, MMP9 expression is a significant prognostic factor correlated with long-term survival for patients with invasive cervical carcinoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2383-2388
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• 2016

Background: The reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) gene is a novel transformation suppressor gene linked to several malignancies. Objective: To analyze any association between RECK gene rs10814325 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and HCC susceptibility with various clinicopathological and laboratory data. Materials and Methods: RECK gene rs10814325 SNP was estimated, using real-time PCR, in 30 HCC patients on top of HCV infection, 30 HCV related cirrhotic patients and 30 healthy controls. Results: No special pattern of association could be detected on comparing the RECK gene rs10814325 genotypes(P=0.5), or alleles(P=0.49) among the studied groups. HCC patients with TT genotype had younger age (mean of $54.1{\pm}6.0$ years vs $60.6{\pm}10.2$ years for TC/CC genotypes, P=0.035). Abdominal distension was significantly greater in TT genotype patients (75% vs 30%for TC/CC genotypes, P=0.045). The TT genotype was present in 75% of patients with lymph node metastasis. Serum GGT levels were higher in TT genotype patients [80 (48.5-134.8) IU/L vs 40 (33-87.5) IU/L for TC/CCgenotypes], and lower limb edema was observed in 60% for TT vs 20% for TC/CCgenotypes, but both just failed to reach significance (p=0.05 and p=0.06 respectively). Conclusions: RECK gene rs10814325 T>C could not be considered a risk factor for HCC development on top of HCV, but may be related to the disease progression and metastasis.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• no.nspc3
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• pp.45-58
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• 1992

Tetranychoid mites found from Korea until now are 42 species belonging to 12 genera, 2 families as follows: 1 Bryobia japonica Ehara et Yamada, 2. B. praetiosa Koch, 3. B. rubrioculus(Scheuten), 4. Petrobia latens(Muller), 5. Aponychus corpuzae Rimando, 6. A firmianae(Ma et Yuan). 7. Panonychus citri(McGregor), 8. P. ulmi(Koch), 9. Eotetranychus carpini Oudemans, 10. E. hicoriae(McGregor), 11. E. populi(Koch), 12. E. rubiphilus (Reck), 13. E. sexmaculatus (Riley), 14. E. smithi Pritchard et Baker, 15. E. tiliarium (Hermann), 16. E. uchidai Ehara, 17. Schizotetranychus bambusae Reck, 18. S. celarius(Banks), 19. S. leguminosus Ehara, 20. Oligonychus aceris(Shimer), 21. O. clavatus(Ehara), 22. O. hondoensis(Ehara), 23. O. ilicis(McGregor), 24. O. karamatus(Ehara), 25. O. orthius Rimando, 26. O. peridtus Pritchard et Baker, 27. O. shinkajii Ehara, 28. O. pustulosus (Ehara), 29. O. ununguis(Jacobi), 30. O. sp. 31. Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, 32. T. phaselus Ehara, 33. T. truncatus Ehara, 34. T. urticae Koch, 35. T. vienensis Zacher, 36. Aegyptobia nothus Pritchard et Baker, 37. Pentamerismus taxi (Haller), 38. P. oregonensis McGregor, 39. Brevipalpus californicus(Banks), 40. B. lewisi McGregor, 41. B. obovatus Donnadieu, 42. Tenuipalpus zhizhilashviliae Reck. On the above species, a taxanomic key was made and ecological data including distribution and host plant are presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 1985

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.64-116
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• 1987

The purpose of the present paper is to record taxonomic notes on several Korean spider mites. The specimens on which this study is based were collected by the authors during the period from May, 1986 to June, 1987. The following species are the spider mites concerned in this paper. 1. Panonychus citri (McGregor), 2. Eotetranychus populi Koch, 3. Eotetranychus smithi Pritchard and Baker, 4. Shizotetranychus bambusae Reck, 5. Schizotetranychus celarius (Banks), 6. Shizotetranychus leguminosus Ehara, 7. Oligonychus orthis Rimando, 8. Tetranychus ranzawai Kishida, 9. Tetranychus phaselus Ehara, 10. Tetranychus trancatus Ehara , 11. Tetranychus vienensis Zacher, 12. Tetranychus urticae Koch . Among them, eight species with asterisk are newly recorded from Korea . In addition, empodiums of pretarsus were carefully observed and enzyme patterns by electrophoresis were compared on some species in order induce their systematic inter-relationship at either species or generic level.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.829-834
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• 2013

Background: MicroRNAs are noncoding RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. The aim of this study was to determine the role of microRNA-21 in cholangiocarcinomas and its relationship to cholangiocarcinoma RBE cell capacity for invasion and metastasis. Methods: MicroRNA-21 expression was investigated in 41 cases of cholangiocarcinoma samples by in situ hybridization and real-time PCR. Influence on cholangiocarcinoma cell line invasion and metastasis was analyzed with microRNA-21 transfected cells. In addition, regulation of reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) by microRNA-21 was elucidated to identify mechanisms. Results: In situ hybridization and real-time quantitative PCR results for patients with lymph node metastasis or perineural invasion showed significantly high expression of microRNA-21 (P<0.05). There was a dramatic decrease in cholangiocarcinoma cell line invasion and metastasis ability after microRNA-21 knockdown (P<0.05). However, overexpression significantly increased invasion and metastasis (P<0.05). Real-time PCR and Western-blot analysis showed that microRNA-21 could potentially inhibit RECK expression in RBE cells. Survival analysis showed that patients with higher expression levels of microRNA-21 more often had a poor prognosis (P<0.05). Conclusions: MicroRNA-21 may play an important role in cholangiocarcinoma invasion and metastasis, suggesting that MicroRNA-21 should be further evaluated as a biomarker for predicting cholangiocarcinoma prognosis.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2014

New technology and construction methods in civil engineering area have been noticeably improved associated with the industrial development. However, thicknesses of a lift is strictly specified for subgrade and roadbed embankment as 20 cm and 30 cm in the specification of Korea Highway. Since there has been a problem to get enough amount of soils to be used for compaction, the rocks have been replaced for those. However, there is no guideline for the quality control of rock while changing compaction efficiency of equipment and physical properties of reck while changing compaction method such as thicknesses of a lift, number of compaction and etc. The main objective of this research is to establish the specification for the rock compaction method of embankment which including thickness of lift and quality control method in Korea Expressway.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.361-370
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• 1980

Distribution coefficients of various elements with the strong acidic caion-exchanger, Dowex 50W-x8, 100∼200 mesh were investigated in various concentrations of succinic, hydrochloic acid and it's mixture. Based on these distribution coefficients,the experimental condition for their quantitative separation of those elements is established in 0.9 M hydrochloric acid as eluent, several examples of successful separations are described and the dependence of distribution coefficients on ionic radius is also discussed.