• 한국광학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.272-277
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• 1994

색소 Rd6G박막층에서의 표면손상을 제2고조파 발생법을 응용하여 분석하였다. 유리기판 위에 스핀코팅 방법으로 Rd6G박막을 만들고 Rd6G의 강한 흡수선 근방의 Q-switched Nd:YAG 레이저의 제2고조파(532nm)를 입사시켜 손상영역을 만들었다. 여기에 기저빔 $(1.06\mu\textrm{m})$을 입사시켰을 때 손상부분에서 표면 제2고조파 신호의 세기가 감소함을 이용하여 손상부분의 모양과 범위를 측정하였다. 이 결과는 광학현미경으로 직접 관찰한 결과와 일치하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 고출력 증폭기의 출력 정합단에서 발생하는 2차, 3차 고조파 성분을 억제하여 단일 고출력 증폭기의 선형성을 개선시키고 $3^{rd}$ IMD의 전치 왜곡에 의한 선형성 개선 PAM (Power Amplifier Module)을 제안하였다. 고조파를 억제하기 위해 정합회로는 메타전자파 구조를 갖도록 설계되었으며 2, 3차 고조파가 각각 27 dBc 이상 억제되었다. $3^{rd}$ IMD의 전치 왜곡은 구동 증폭기에서 발생하는 $3^{rd}$ IMD의 위상을 조절하여 -30도가 되도록 하였으며 이때 고출력 증폭기에서 발생되는 $3^{rd}$ IMD와 상쇄를 일으켜 고출력 증폭기 보다 6 dBc 이상 개선된 고조파 성분을 갖도록 설계되었다. 제안된 PAM은 36.98 dBm의 출력 전력과 21.6 dB의 전력 이득, 29.4 %의 전력 효율을 얻었으며 2차 고조파가 -53 dBc로 참조 증폭기에 비해 20dBc 이상 억제되는 특성을 얻었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.340-348
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of red doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum, RD) prepared by repeated steaming and drying process in the immune-suppressed mice induced by pre (RD-A) or post-treatment (RD-B) with cyclophosphamide. The immune-stimulating effects of ethanol RD extract in in vivo at 150 (RD-1) and 300 mg/kg body weight (RD-2) for RD-A and RD-B groups were measured and compared to the NC group supplied with distilled water only or positive control group. After 14 days of oral supplement, serum IgA, IgG, and cytokine levels, splenocytes proliferation rate, NK cell activity, and gene expression of cytokines were measured as immune related biomarkers. Serum IgA, IgG, IL-1β, and IL-12 levels increased in both RD-A and RD-B groups while serum TNF-α level decreased in RD-A group compared to the NC group. Splenocytes proliferation rate, NK cell activity, and cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ) expression levels were also improved by RD supplement in the both groups. The RD showed more significant immunomodulatory effects at higher dose (RD-2) rather than the lower dose (RD-1). Thus, RD has an immune efficacy in a dose dependent manner and can be used as an immune stimulating source to improve immunity.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.179-195
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• 1995

RT Per has been known as a close binary of which the orbital period has unpredictably varied so far. Although there are no agreements with the working mechanism for the changes of the period, two interpretations have been suggested and waiting for to be tested: 1) light-time effects due to the unseen 3rd and 4rd bodies (Panchatsaram 1981), 2) Abrupt period-changes, due to internal variations of the system (e.g. mass transfer or mass loss) superimposing to the light-time effect by a 3rd body (Frieboes-Conde & Herczeg 1973). In the point of view that the former interprepation models could predict the behavior of the changes of the orbital period theoretically, we checked whether the recent observed times of minimum lights follow the perdictions by the first model or not. We confirmed that the observed times of minimum lights have followed the variations calculated by the light-times effects due to the 3rd and 4rd bodies suggested by Panchatsatam. In this paper a total of 626 times of minimum lights were reanalyzed in terms of the light-time effects by the 3rd and 4rd bodies. We concluded that the eclipsing pair in SVCam system moves in an elliptic orbit about center of mass of the triple system with a period of about $42.^y2$, while the mass center of the triplet is in light-time orbit about the center of mass of the quadruple system with a period of $120^y$. The mean masses deduced for the 3rd and 4rd bodies were $0.89m_\odot$ and $0.82m_\odot$, respectively.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.887-896
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• 1995

In order to determine the efficacy of $Bayvarol^{(R)}$ strips(Bayer AG) against the mite Varroa jacobsoni and the safety of $Bayvarol^{(R)}$ strips in honey bees, a series of trials was carried out under field condition in autumn and spring. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The average varroacidal rate of $Bayvarol^{(R)}$ strips was 92.7% in autumn and 93.7% in spring. However the average varroacidal rats of treated control group was 73.8 % in autumn and 75.1 % in spring, and that of untreated control group was 12.1 % in autumn and 16.1 % in spring. 3. The average number of dead bees in $Bayvarol^{(R)}$ group was 13.0 in recommended dosage(RD), 12.3 in 2 times of RD and 14.0 in 4 times of 70 in autumn, and 19.7 in RD,17.0 in 2 times of RD and 19.0 in 4 times of RD in spring. However the average number of dead bees in treated control groups was 38.3 in RD, 62.7 in 2 times of RD and 60.3 in 4 times of RD in autumn and 18.0 in RD, 43.3 in 2 times of RD and 102 in 4 times of RD in spring and that of untreated control of group was 12.7 in autumn and 19.3 in spring. 3. The varroacidal effects and the number of dead bees of all groups were higher in spring than in autumn. 4. It was revealed that $Bayvarol^{(R)}$ were highly saft and effective varroacides for honey bees.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.16-19
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• 2014

Anodic self-organized titania nanotube (TNT) arrays have a great potential as efficient electron-transport materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Herewith we report the photovoltaic and kinetic investigations for a series of heteroleptic ruthenium complexes (RD16-RD18) sensitized on TNT films for DSSC applications. We found that the RD16 device had an enhanced short-circuit current density ($J_{SC}/mAcm^{-2}=15.0$) and an efficiency of power conversion (${\eta}=7.2%$) greater than that of a N719 device (${\eta}=7.1%$) due to the increasing light-harvesting and the broadened spectral features with thiophene-based ligands. However, the device made of RD17 (adding one more hexyl chain) showed smaller $J_{SC}(14.1mAcm^{-2})$ and poorer ${\eta}(6.8%)$ compare to those of RD16 due to smaller amount of dye-loading and less efficient electron injection for the RD17 device than for the RD16 device. For the RD18 dye (adding one more thiophene unit and one more hexyl chain), we found that the device showed even lower $J_{SC}(13.2mAcm^{-2}) $ that led to a poorest device performance (${\eta}=6.2%$) for the RD18 device. These results are against to those obtained from the same dyes sensitized on $TiO_2$ nanoparticle films and they can be rationalized according to the electron transport kinetics measured using the methods of charge extraction and transient photovoltage decays.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

본 연구는 경제적 불확실성이 경영혁신에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 관심변수인 경제적 불확실성은 Ahir et al.(2018)의 World Uncertainty Index(WUI) 지수로 측정하고, 경영혁신을 대용(proxy)하는 변수는 총연구개발투자(RD), 자산화된 연구개발투자(RD_A), 비용화된 연구개발투자(RD_E), 자산화된 연구개발투자비 중(RD_R)을 선정하였다. 연구결과, 경제적 불확실성(WUI)은 총연구개발투자(RD), 자산화된 연구개발투자(RD_A), 자산화된 연구개발투자비중(RD_R)과 통계적으로 유의한 양(+)의 관계가 나타났으며, 경영자의 기회주의적인 회계선택 행위(DACC; 재량적발생액)를 통제한 후에도 동일한 결과가 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 기업이 경제적 불확실성하에서도 연구개발투자에 집중하여 경영혁신의 기회로 활용한다는 것을 시사하며, 경제적 불확실성하에서 산업진흥을 위해 제공하는 정부지원의 타당성과 효과성을 밝히는데 의의가 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.523-530
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• 2002

본 연구는 1999년 8월부터 2000년 2월까지 공인 제2종돈능력검정소에서 검정 종료된 Duroc종, Landrace종 및 Yorkshire종에 대하여 체중, 등지방두께, 일당증체량 및 정육율을 측정하여, 동일 개체의 반복측정치 간의 반복력과, 상관 및 순위상관을 추정하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균능력은 측정시 체중이 각각 91.0, 114.7, 123.2kg이였으며, 측정시 일령은 각각 142.1, 173.7, 182.5일이였으며, 정육율은 각각 57.9, 56.2, 55.2%였으며, 등지방두께는 각각 1.33, 1.61, 1.63cm였으며, 일당증체량은 각각 946.6, 879.2, 879.4g으로 나타났다. 2. 각 형질의 측정차수간 상관은 정육율의 경우, 1차와 2차, 1차와 3차, 2차와 3차간 각각 0.493, 0.471, 0.619로 나타났고, 등지방두께의 경우, 각각 0.424, 0.424, 0.700으로 나타났으며, 일당증체량의 경우, 각각 0.716, 0.601, 0.861로 모든 형질에서 1차와 2차간, 1차와 3차간 보다는 2차와 3차간에 높게 추정되었다. 3. 각 측정차수의 형질간 상관은 1차 측정의 경우, 정육율과 등지방두께, 정육율과 일당증체량, 등지방두께와 일당증체량이 각각 －0.597, －0.291, 0.303으로 나타났고, 2차 측정의 경우, 각각 －0.667, －0.292, 0.396으로 나타났으며, 3차 측정의 경우, 각각 －0.711, －0.369, 0.409로 정육율과 등지방두께 및 일당증체량은 부의 상관관계에 있으며, 등지방두께와 일당증체량은 정의 상관관계에 있고, 일령이 증가할수록 상관이 높게 추정되었다. 4. 각 형질의 반복력 추정치를 살펴보면, 등지방두께가 0.374, 정육율이 0.428, 일당증체량이 0.673으로 추정되었으며, 일당증체량의 반복력은 상당히 높게 추정되어, 110kg까지 검정의 필요성이 인정되지 않으나, 등지방두께와 정육율의 추정치는 낮게 추정되어 더욱 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 정보화연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.465-476
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• 2012

최근 대 중 소 기업간 동반성장이 이슈인 가운데 특히 사각지대에 있는 2 3차 협력기업과 의 동반성장 네트워크의 중요성이 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 2 3차 협력기업에 대한 설문조사와 더불어 국내 대기업들의 이들과의 동반성장 정책에 대한 조사를 통해 전반적 2 3차 협력기업에 대한 현황을 제시한다. 아울러, 미국, 독일을 비롯한 해외 선진국에서 이뤄지는 동반성장 정책을 고찰, 시사점을 도출, 정부 및 대기업을 포함한 위탁기업들의 2 3차 협력기업과의 동반성장 네트워크를 구축하기 위한 정책적 제언을 한다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-35
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• 2009

Objectives : In the study on the waveform analysis of radial artery pulse diagnosis, we need to establish fundamentals of contemporary pulse diagnosis research. To achieve certain experimental basis on traditional pulse diagnosis, we have to research the differences of pulse waveform according to pressure (in 5 level) and position (Chon, Gwan, Cheok in radial artery). As a first step, in present thesis, we tried to find the differences of pulse waveform according to pressure. Methods and Results : In this research, we analyzed seven parameters of the waveform at five levels of pressure. The parameters are E(so called 'energy', a representative of pulse strength), h1(height of percussion wave) and h2(height of subincisura). The results were as follows. 1. When we analyzed the change of the waveform according to pressure in the left Gwan, E, hl, h2 and A differed between 1st and 2nd grade, between 1st and 3rd grade, between 1st and 4th grade, between 1st and 5th grade, between 2nd and 3rd grade, between 2nd and 5th grade, between 3rd and 5th grade and between 4th and 5th grade in 95% confidence interval. 2. And t2, t4 differed between 1st and 2nd grade, between 1st and 5th grade, between 2nd and 4th grade, between 2nd and 4th grade, between 2nd and 5th grade, between 3rd and 4th grade, between 3rd and 5th grade and between 4th and 5th grade in 95% confidence interval. 3. W differed between 1st and 3rd grade, between 1st and 4th grade, between 2nd and 3rd grade, between 2nd and 4th grade, between 2nd and 5th grade, between 3rd and 4th grade, between 3rd and 5th grade, and between 4th and 5th grade in 95% confidence interval. 4. And h2/h1 differed between 1st and 4th grade, between 1st and 5th grade, between 2nd and 4th grade, between 2nd and 5th grade, between 3rd and 4th grade & between 3rd and 5th grade in 95% confidence interval. 5. There were differences between 1st and 2nd grade & between 2nd and 5th grade in the case of t4/t2 in 95% confidence interval. And there were differences between 1st and 5th grade, between 3rd and 4th grade, between 3rd and 5th grade & between 4th and 5th grade in the case of W/A in 95% confidence interval. And were differences between 1st and 2nd grade, between 2nd and 3rd grade, between 2nd and 4th grade, between 3rd and 4th grade, between 3rd and 5th grade & between 4th and 5th grade in the case of A/E in 95% confidence interval. Conclusions : As mentioned above, we conclude that the waveform analysis according to five grade pressure in the left Gwan shows the difference of waveform in each grade pressure.