• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.512-520
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• 2021

In this study, we report genetic characterization of Orobanche cumana, the causal agent of sunflower wilting in Serbia. The genetic diversity of this parasitic plant in Serbia was not studied before. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and partial rbcL gene sequences analysis were used to characterize the O. cumana populations at the molecular level. While phylogenetic analyses of RAPD-PCR amplicons were performed using unweighted pair-group Method analyses, rbcL gene sequences were analyzed using neigbor joining method and minimum spanning tree. Molecular analyses of RAPD-PCR analysis revealed high genetic diversity of O. cumana populations which indicated high adaptive potential of this parasitic weed in Serbia. Further analyses of rbcL gene using minimum spanning tree revealed clear differences among diverse sections of Orobanche genus. Although this molecular marker lacked the resolution to display intrapopulation diversity it could be a useful tool for understanding the evolution of this parasitic plant. Our results suggested that O. cumana has great genetic potential which can lead to differentiation of more virulent races which is important for determining crop breeding strategies for their control.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.130-130
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• 2003

Gummy stem blight pathogen is very difficult not only to monitor the inoculum levels prior to host infection, and also it is destructive and hard to control in field condition. We have applied RAPD technique to elucidate the genetic diversity of the genomic DNA of Didymella bryoniae and also to generate specific diagnostic DNA probe useful for identification and detection. The 40 primers produced clear bands consistently from the genomic DNA of twenty isolates of Didymella bryoniae, and two hundred seventy-three amplified fragments were produced with 40 primers. The combined data from 273 bands was analyzed by a cluster analysis using UPGMA method with an arithmetic average program of NTSYS-PC (Version 1.80) to generate a dendrogram. At the distance level of 0.7, two major RAPD groups were differentiated among 20 strains. RAPD group (RG) I included 8 isolates from watermelon except one isolate from melon. RAPD group (RG) IV included 12 isolates from squash, cucumber, watermelon and melon.. In amplification experiment with SCAR specific primer RG1F-RG1R resulted in a single band of 650bp fragment only for 8 isolates out of 20 isolates that should be designated as RAPD Group 1. However, same set of experiment done with RGIIF-RGIIR did not result in any amplified product.. Our attempts to detect intraspecific diversity of ITS region of rDNA by amplifying ITS region and 17s rDNA region for 20 isolates and restriction digestion of amplified fragment with 12 enzymes did not reveal polymorphic band. In order to develop RAPD markers for RGIV specific primer, a candidate PCR fragment( ≒1.4kb) was purified and Southern hybridized to the amplified fragment RGIV isolates. This promising candidate probe recognized only RGIV isolates

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.458-464
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• 2010

Twelve garlic cultivars collected from Korea and Mongolia were evaluated genetic similarity and diversity by RAPD method using oligo-nucleotide random primers. Genomic DNA isolated from twelve garlic cultivars were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using 143 primers, and 55 primers showed polymorphic DNA bands. Among a total of 187 bands amplified by 55 primers, 128 polymorphic bands were subjected to analysis for genetic relationship of garlic cultivars. Garlic cultivars were classified into three groups, such as group-I corresponded to Euiseong, Seosan, Samchuk and Yecheon-A, Yechun-B, Euiseong-norang, Jeongsun, Namdo, Yookback and Danyang cultivars, and group-II to Mongolia and group-III to Daeseo cultivars. Thirty DNA bands showing unique specificity to the specific cultivars are likely to be useful for identification of garlic local cultivars as DNA markers.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2002

Phylogenetic relationships among mulberry varieties (Morus species) were analyzed on the basis of RAPD in order to identify the possibility of classification for the species. Polymorphisms under RAPD method were compared among 41 mulberry varieties. From the results of RAPD for 41 mulberry varieties by use of 30 different primers, 151 polymorphic bands were formed out of 201 ones. Under the dendrogram based on cluster analysis with the polymorphic bands, the varieties were classified into 7 groups including two large and five small ones on 0.747 value of genetic similarity coefficient. In the large groups 19 and 16 varieties were belong to group I and III, respectively. On the other hand, relatively high genetic similarity was shown among the varieties belonging to the group I, II and III. While, relatively low similarity were done between them in the group IV-Ⅵ and the other groups, and Mohusang in the group Ⅶ showed the lowest phylogenetic relationship with the other varieties.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.490-496
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• 1998

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to survey genetic variability among 34 Botrytis cinerea isolates from nine different host plants in Korea. For RAPD analysis, 115 arbitrary decamer primers were initially screened for polymorphic major DNA bands with 11 representative B. cinerea isolates. Eleven primers that initially detected polymorphisms were tested a second time with additional 23 isolates of B. cinerea as well as one isolate of Botrytis squamosa as an outgroup. The RAPD analyses revealed that all isolates except one showed different molecular phenotypes. Dendrograms obtained from dissimilarity matrices using the unweighted paired group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) showed the 36.4% to 90.0% similarity among all B. cinerea isolates. The B. squamosa isolate showed the least similarity to all B. cinerea isolates. The cluster analyses indicated no correlation among all the characteristics examined including molecular phenotypes, host and geographic origins, year of isolation, or pathogenicity. The RAPD data suggest that a high level of genetic variation exists among Korean populations of B. cinerea and it seems to be caused by heterokaryosis among preexisting molecular phenotypes.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2010

Six parent and their 12 gamma ray-induced somatic flower colour mutants of garden rose were characterized to discriminate the mutants from their respective parents and understanding the genetic diversity using Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Out of 20 primers screened, 14 primers yielded completely identical fragments patterns. The other 7 primers gave highly polymorphic banding patterns among the radiomutants. All the cultivars were identified by using only 7 primers. Moreover, individual mutants were also distinguished by unique RAPD marker bands. Based on the presence or absence of the 48 polymorphic bands, the genetic variations within and among the 18 cultivars were measured. Genetic distance between all 18 cultivars varied from 0.40 to 0.91, as revealed by Jaccard's coefficient matrix. A dendrogram was constructed based on the similarity matrix using the Neighbor Joining Tree method showed three main clusters. The present RAPD analysis can be used not only for estimating genetic diversity present in gamma ray-induced mutants but also for correct identification of mutant/new varieties for their legal protection under plant variety rights.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.156-164
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• 2002

Enteromorpha prolifera of the isomorphic diploid sporophyte and the haploid gametophyte generations inhabit rocks, tidal flats and tidal pools in the middle parts of intertidal zones. In this experiment, their thalli were observed by bare eyes from October and experienced $74\pm16.5cm$ maximum growth the following March and April. The rate of occurrence of the thalli per month was highest in March, while their biomass peaked at $1,464\pm41.5 g/m^2$ in Jangheung in April. Genetic similarity was investigated samples of E. prolifera collected from Muan, Wando, Jangheung, Yosu and Jinhae, at the south coast of Korea. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used. For the RAPD analysis, 3 ng of the DNA extracted from the thalli using he phenol/chloroform method was amplified by PCR with a 25 {\mu}L$ reaction solution, arbitrary primers and 36 cycles. Among the 60 primers used, 31 yielded products, most of which showed diverse electrophoresis patterns. Similarities among the groups compared ranged from 0.37 to 0.58. We conclude that the use of RAPD analysis is appropriate to characterize the genetic variability of this commercial species along its geographical distribution.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.461-469
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• 2014

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent pollutants in aquatic environments, often causing the decline or disappearance of wild populations. In this study, we used a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to evaluate the effects on the genomic DNA of olive flounder embryo and larval stages of exposure to Aroclor 1254 at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 20, and $40{\mu}g/L$. We compared RAPD fingerprints of exposed and non-exposed samples. Polymorphisms were revealed as the presence and/or absence of DNA fragments between the two samples. A dose-dependent increase in the number of polymorphic bands was observed with Aroclor 1254 treatment. Also, RAPD profiles of animals exposed to Aroclor 1254 exhibited an increase in the frequency values (FV) compared to the control. A phenogram constructed using neighbor-joining method indicated that genomic template stability in developing embryo and larval stages was significantly affected at ${\geq}5{\mu}g/L$. This study suggested that DNA polymorphisms detected by RAPD analysis could be used as an investigative tool for environmental toxicology and as a useful biomarker in early life stages for the detection of potential genotoxicants.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1046-1049
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• 2005

Acanthopanx senticosus (Araliaceae) is a long-lived woody species primarily distributed throughout East Asia. This species is regarded as medically and ecologically important woody plants in Korea. To identify the variation of the RAPD patterns between domestic and foreign A. senticosus species, 22 random primers were applied to Korean A. senticosus and A. senticosus for. inermis, Chinese and Russian A. senticosus. Six primers of them could be used to discriminate the origins and 58 polymorphisms among 92 scored DNA fragments. Six bands are specific for Korean A. senticosus and A. senticosus for. inermis. Especially, three primers, OPD04, OPD11 and OPE10, were useful to differentiate between domestic and foreign Acanthopanax species. RAPD analysis was a useful method to discriminate among A. senticosus populations or accessions and Korean accessions are distinct genetically.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.274-276
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• 2011

Distinction of Bacillus cereus from other closely related bacilli is challenging and new efficient methods are continually demanded. From our previous work on RAPD profiles of bacilli, we found a possibility that B. cereus strains could be distinguished from other bacilli. In this work, RAPD-PCR profiles of B. cereus strains were obtained using a 10-mer (S30) as a primer, and a B. cereus specific 0.91-kb band was produced from all tested strains. The RAPD-PCR procedure also successfully detected B. cereus from spiked cheonggukjang when B. cereus cells were present at more than $10^2$/g sample.