• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1585-1592
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• 2016

The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of simulated heat stress on digestibility and methane ($CH_4$) emission. Four non-lactating crossbred cattle were exposed to $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$, and $40^{\circ}C$ temperature with a relative humidity of 40% to 50% in a climatic chamber from 10:00 hours to 15:00 hours every day for 27 days. The physiological responses were recorded at 15:00 hours every day. The blood samples were collected at 15:00 hours on 1st, 6th, 11th, 16th, and 21st days and serum was collected for biochemical analysis. After 21 days, fecal and feed samples were collected continuously for six days for the estimation of digestibility. In the last 48 hours gas samples were collected continuously to estimate $CH_4$ emission. Heat stress in experimental animals at $35^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$ was evident from an alteration (p<0.05) in rectal temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate, water intake and serum thyroxin levels. The serum lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activity and protein, urea, creatinine and triglyceride concentration changed (p<0.05), and body weight of the animals decreased (p<0.05) after temperature exposure at $40^{\circ}C$. The dry matter intake (DMI) was lower (p<0.05) at $40^{\circ}C$ exposure. The dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities were higher (p<0.05) at $35^{\circ}C$ compared to $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ exposure whereas, organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre digestibilities were higher (p<0.05) at $35^{\circ}C$ than $40^{\circ}C$ thermal exposure. The $CH_4$ emission/kg DMI and organic matter intake (OMI) declined (p<0.05) with increase in exposure temperature and reached its lowest levels at $40^{\circ}C$. It can be concluded from the present study that the digestibility and $CH_4$ emission were affected by intensity of heat stress. Further studies are necessary with respect to ruminal microbial changes to justify the variation in the digestibility and $CH_4$ emission during differential heat stress.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

본 연구는 친환경건축물 인증 공동주택의 지속가능성 증진을 위한 연구로서, 2007년 6월부터 2008년 6월 사이에 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원에서 친환경건축물 본인증을 획득한 서울 경기지역 공동주택 8곳을 선정하여 "생태환경을 고려한 인공환경 녹화기법 적용여부(이하, 인공환경 녹화)" 평가항목의 거주후 평가(POE)를 수행하였다. 연구 목적은 친환경건축물 인증 공동주택의 인공환경 녹화 부문 관리 실태와 문제점을 파악하여 향후 재인증 규정 및 사후관리에 시사점을 제공하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 현장관찰조사와 관리자 면담 및 거주후 평가를 실시하였고, 분석 결과 도출한 문제점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 친환경 인증 공동주택 단지에 도입된 생태환경을 고려한 인공환경 녹화 계획요소의 사후관리가 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 둘째, 인공환경 녹화에 대한 만족도는 전반적으로 낮았으며, 옹벽대체녹화가 담장녹화, 옥상녹화, 벽면녹화에 비해 만족도가 높았다. 평가항목별 만족도는 질적 수준, 설계목적 부합 여부, 식생 관리상태, 식생 생육상태가 평균보다 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 셋째, 인공환경 녹화 만족도는 질적 수준에 대한 만족도에 가장 큰 영향을 받으며, 나머지 요인들도 만족도와 통계적으로 유의미한 관계에 있음을 알 수 있었다. 현 인증 제도는 유지관리 평가기준이 미비하여 관리상태가 소홀하고, 이는 전체적인 인공환경 녹화 만족도 저하에 영향을 미친다. 따라서 인증심사와 별도로 운영되는 사후관리 제도의 도입이 요구되며, 인증 취소나 벌점부과와 같은 적극적인 관리 규제 확충방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

증발산량과 강수량을 변수로 하는 SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index)는 보편적으로 기상학적 가뭄심도를 정량화하는데 이용되고 있다. 또한 RDI (Reconnaissance Drought Index)는 가뭄의 피해를 받고 있는 지역에 활용도가 높은 가뭄지수이지만 이를 이용한 국내 적용사례는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Thornthwatie, Hargreaves, Blaney-Criddle 증발산량 산정 방법을 이용하여 증발산량과 강수량을 변수로 하는 SPEI와 RDI를 비교하였다. 1992년부터 2015년까지 한강 유역에 대한 가뭄 정량화 및 특징 비교를 위해 기상청 관할 16개 지점의 기상자료를 이용하였다. 연구결과, 한강유역의 경우 최근 들어 급격히 극한 가뭄이 발생하고 있는 지점들이 증가하였다. 두 가뭄지수 사이에 상관정도는 비교적 높았으나 가뭄의 심도 및 극한가뭄의 발생 연도 사이에는 일부 차이를 보였다. 따라서 가뭄 심도와 발생 시기의 정량화를 위해 RDI 또한 활용이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of joint kinematics and synchronicity of rowing motion between elite and non-elite rowers. Methods: Two elite and two non-elite rowers performed rowing strokes (3 trials, 20 strokes in each trial) at three different stroke rates (20, 30, 40 stroke/min) on two stationary rowing ergometers. The rowing motions of the rowers were captured using a 3-dimensional motion analysis system (8-infrared camera VICON system, Oxford, UK). The range of motion (RoM) of the knee, hip, and elbow joints on the sagittal plane, the lead time ($T_{Lead}$) and the drive time $T_{Drive}$) for each joint, and the elapsed time for the knee joint to maintain a fully extended position ($T_{Knee}$) during the stroke were analyzed and compared between elite and non-elite rowers. Synchronicity of the rowing motion within and between groups was examined using coefficients of variation (CV) of the $T_{Drive}$ for each joint. Results: Regardless of the stroke rate, the RoM of all joints were greater for the elite than for non-elite rowers, except for the RoMs of the knee joint at 30 stroke/min and the elbow joint at 40 stroke/min (p < .05). Although the $T_{Lead}$ at all stroke rates were the same between the groups, the $T_{Drive}$ for each joint was shorter for the elite than for the non-elite rowers. During the drive phase, elite rowers kept the fully extended knee joint angle longer than the non-elite rowers (p < .05). The CV values of the TDrive within each group were smaller for the elite compared with non-elite rowers, except for the CV values of the hip at all stroke/min and elbow at 40 stroke/min. Conclusion: The elite, compared with non-elite, rowers seem to be able to perform more powerful and efficient rowing strokes with large RoM and a short $T_{Drive}$ with the same $T_{Lead}$.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.834-839
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• 2017

Propolis는 꿀벌들이 나무로부터 수집한 천연물로서 항산화, 항염증, 항암 효과를 가지고 있어 전통의학에서 사용되고 있으며, 이러한 생리활성은 여러 가지 유용성분들이 혼합된 것과 관련이 있다. 난소암은 우리나라 여성에서 두 번째로 발병률이 높은 암이다. 대부분의 난소암 환자들은 초기에 수술적 기법과 항암요법에 우수하게 반응하지만, 항암제 내성에 의한 재발이 발생하게 되면 항암요법제에 의한 반응률이 매우 저조하여 높은 사망률을 보인다. 따라서, 난소암의 높은 치사율을 극복하기 위한 새로운 치료제 및 항암보조제의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 인체 상피성 난소암 세포주인 A2780를 이용하여 Austalian propolis의 항암 효과와 활성기전을 조사하였다. Propolis 추출물은 농도 의존적으로 난소암 세포의 증식을 억제했으며. Flow cytometric 분석을 통해 G0/G1기에서 세포 주기 억제와 apoptosis 유도 효과를 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 Austalian propolis의 인간 난소암에 대한 예방과 치료를 위한 보조제로서의 가능성을 제시한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2012

유헬스케어 서비스는 오랫동안 만성질환 관리에 대한 효과적인 대안으로 부각되고 있으나 아직까지 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 유헬스케어 서비스 도입에 있어 중요 의사결정자인 의사들의 유헬스케어 서비스에 대한 인식과 사용의도에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 고찰해 보고자 한다. 이를 위해 유헬스케어 서비스 제공자인 의사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 유헬스케어 서비스 사용의도에 따른 집단별 특성을 비교하고, 사용의도에 영향을 주는 요인을 고찰하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 의사들의 유헬스케어 서비스 사용경험은 16.0%로 낮으나 사용의도는 70.1%로 높게 나타났다. 또한 유헬스케어 서비스 적용은 만성질환과 예방분야가 적절하다고 응답하였으며, 적용이 적합한 질환은 당뇨병과 고혈압등의 순으로 나타났다. 의사 특성에 따른 사용의도의 차이에 관한 로지스틱 분석 결과 유헬스케어 서비스 사용의도는 대학병원에 비해 비대학병원 의사들의 사용의도가 3.7배 높았다. 본 연구는 유헬스케어 서비스에 대한 의사들의 인식 그리고 사용의도에 대한 집단 간 차이를 파악함으로써 유헬스케어 서비스의 활성화와 효과적인 비즈니스 모델 개발에 기여할 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제73권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2012

Background: This study attempted to investigate the main causes of hemoptysis, the type of examinations used for diagnosis, the treatment modalities and outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of 221 patients admitted to the Chonnam National University Hospital, between January 2005 and February 2010, with hemoptysis. Results: Bronchiectasis (32.6%), active pulmonary tuberculosis (18.5%), fungus ball (10.8%), and lung cancer (5.9%) accounted for most causes of hemoptysis. Computed tomography scan was the most sensitive diagnostic test when employed alone, with positive yield of 93.2%. There were 161 cases of conservative treatment (72.9%), 42 cases of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) (19.0%), and 18 cases of surgery (8.1%). Regarding the amount of hemoptysis, 70 cases, out of 221 cases, were mild (31.5%), 36 cases moderate (16.2%), and 115 cases massive hemoptysis (52.0%). Most of the patients were treated conservatively, but if there was more bleeding present, BAE or surgery was more commonly performed than the conservative treatment ($p{\leq}0.0001$). In the multivariate model, severe hemoptysis and lung cancer were independently associated with short-term recurrence. BAE was independently associated with long-term recurrence, and lung cancer was associated with in-hospital mortality. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 11.3%. Conclusion: Hemoptysis is a common symptom with a good prognosis in most cases. However, patients exhibiting massive bleeding or those with malignancy had a poorer prognosis. In-hospital mortality was strongly related to the cause, especially in lung cancer.

• 약학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2014

The Ministry of Health and Welfare proposed the "undergraduate program specializing in pharmaceutical industry" in 2013, as part of its roadmap to assist domestic pharmaceutical companies to become the top-tier pharma companies in near future and provide skilled personnel tailored for pharmaceutical industry. However, it is not clear whether this "undergraduate program" meets the needs of pharmaceutical industry, especially when the number of pharmacy students increased from 1,200 to 1,700 per year since 2009. The purpose of this paper is to identify which educational background is preferred by pharmaceutical companies, by surveying the CEOs of domestic pharmaceutical companies and referring to recruitment advertisements shown in medical newspapers, specified by the fields within the companies. Two independent reviewers referred to recruitment session in Yakup newspaper and Dailypharm from May 2012 until January 2014, focusing on recruitments from pharmaceutical companies targeting bachelors' degree holders with no prior experience. 749 recruitments were observed during the study period, more than 90% of which were provided by domestic pharmaceutical companies, and regardless of the companies being domestic or multinational, pharmaceutical companies' preference for pharmacists was remarkable (44.3% for domestic and 65.8% for multinational), and the preference was especially high in the fields such as Medical, R&D, Market Access (regulatory affair/pricing and reimbursement), Business Development, and Marketing. Survey results showed that the need of establishing the undergraduate program specializing in pharmaceutical industry is mixed, suggesting that although there is need for the educating personnel targeting pharmaceutical industry, the undergraduate program would not be an answer due to current PEET system. Our study concludes that in the example of pharmaceutical companies' recruitments shown in medical newspapers, pharmaceutical companies prefer pharmacy major in almost all fields of the pharmaceutical companies, yet the pharmaceutical companies still perceive the gap between current bachelor's degree holders(including pharmacy majors) and the ideal personnel required for advancing to the "top-class" pharmaceutical companies.

• 청정기술
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.389-394
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• 2011

바이오가스로부터 이산화탄소와 질소를 제거하기 위한 흡착공정은 많이 논의되고 있다. 특히 흡착공정 중에서 압력변동흡착(Pressure swing adsorption)공정은 에너지소모가 적고 가격이 경제적이기 때문에 기체의 분리와 정제를 위한 공정으로 적절하다. 물리적 흡착을 사용하는 PSA공정은 흡착과 탈착이 가능하다. 각 cycle단계의 구성은 가압, 주입 및 흡착, 압력 균등화, 감압 및 세정으로 이루어져있다. 본 실험에서 PSA공정은 이산화탄소와 질소를 제거하기 위한 흡착제로 zeolite 13X와 carbon molecular sieve (CMS)로 구성되어 있으며, 혼합 가스의 농도는 $CH_4/CO_2/N_2$ (75:21:4 vol%)의 비율을 갖고 있다. 각각 zeolite 13X와 CMS는 선택적으로 혼합가스로부터 질소와 이산화탄소를 흡착하여 분리하고 제거한다. 또한 CMS의 경우는 빠르게 분산되는 이산화탄소의 처리량이 높다. 상부탱크, 하부탱크, 주입탱크의 가스 조성은 TCD 검출기를 이용하는 gas chromatography (GC)에 의해서 측정되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1673-1691
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• 2014

Although most natural disaster related studies conducted in Korea recently have been related to typhoons or severe rainstorms, the occurrence frequency of disasters due to windstorms or rainstorms is also high. To reduce the strong wind damage caused by strong windstorms due to climate change, basic studies of strong winds are necessary. Therefore, in this study, the types and representative cases of windstorms that were observed to have been higher than 14 m/s, which is the criterion for strong-wind warnings from the Korea Meteorological Administration, were selected from among those windstorm cases that occurred on the Korean Peninsula for 10 years to conduct a statistical analysis of them and determine their synoptic meteorological characteristics. The cases of windstorms occurring on the Korean Peninsula were divided into six weather patterns according to the locations of the anticyclones/cyclones. Among these types, the SH type, which occurs when Siberian Highs expand into the Korean Peninsula, showed the highest occurrence frequency, accounting for at least the majority of the entire occurrence frequency of windstorms together with that of the EC type, which occurs when cyclones develop on the East Sea, and there was no clear yearly trend of the occurrence frequencies of windstorms. The monthly occurrence frequencies of windstorms were formed mainly by typhoons in the summer and the Siberian Highs in the winter, and the months with the highest windstorm occurrence frequencies were December and January, in which mainly the SH and EC type windstorms occurred. March showed the next highest occurrence frequency with10 times, and SH windstorms occurred the most frequently in March, followed by the CC, SC, and EC types of windstorms, in order of precedence. Therefore, attention to these types of windstorms is required. Countermeasures against storm and flood damage in Korea targeting the summer should be re-reviewed together with pre-disaster prevention plans, because cases of storm and flood damage due to windstorms occur more frequently than those due to typhoons, and they occur throughout the year.