• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.345-350
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• 2000

Adaptive finite element analysis, which its solution error meets with the user defined allowable error, is recently used far improving reliability of finite element analysis results. This adaptive analysis is composed of two procedures; one is the error estimation of an analysis result and another is the reconstruction of finite elements. In the rp-method, an element size is controlled by relocating of nodal positions(r-method) and the order of an element shape function is determined by the hierarchical polynomial(p-method) corresponding to the element solution error. In order to show the effectiveness and accuracy of the suggested rp-method, various numerical examples were analyzed and these analysis results were examined by comparing with those obtained by the existed methods. As a result of this study, following conclusions are obtained. (1) rp-method is more accurate and effective than the r- and p-method. (2) The solution convergency of the rp-method is controlled by means of the iterative calculation numbers of the r- and p- method each other.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.483-494
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to contribute to quality improvement with physical therapy service and determining the factors affecting patients' satisfaction. The study subjects were ambulatory and admitted patients treated with physical therapy at B general hospital located in Taejon from July 15, 2000 to July 21. Authors developed structured questionnaire, and distributed it to each physical therapist of B general hospital. Total number of distributed questionnaire was 164, and 157 questionnaire were collected and analysed finally. Demand of physical therapy for quality improvement(QI) related to treatment time(r =0.746, P<01), treatment method(r =.664, P<.01). treatment effect(r=0.648, P<.01), equipments(r=0.620, P<.01), cleaning status(r =0.619, P<.01). Willingness to revisit and recommendation of this physical therapy room related to treatment method(r=0.489, P<.01), treatment time(r=0.469, P<.01), cleaning status(r=0.432, P<.01).

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2013

심전도 신호에서 R-파는 다른 특징 점을 구하는데 중요한 역할을 할 뿐만 아니라 심장에 대한 많은 의학적인 정보를 가지고 있다. 지금까지의 연구는 심전도 신호 형태에 대한 분석을 통하여 R-파를 검출하였으나, R-파와 비슷한 형태의 P-파가 나타날 경우 정확한 R-파 검출이 어려웠다. 본 논문에서는 세포막이 흥분 후에 탈분극과 재 분극 기간인 불응기와 불응기내 파형의 첨도 형태를 이용하여 R-파를 검출하는 방식을 제시하였다. MIT-BIH 부정맥 데이터베이스에 있는 심전도 신호 대한 실험을 통하여 R-파와 유사한 형태의 P-파를 가진 105번과 108번 레코드뿐만 아니라 다른 레코드에서도 기존의 방식보다 비교적 우수한 검출율을 확인하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 $ProTaper\^{(R)}$ S1과 3가지 종류의 파일을 각각 같이 사용하는 혼합법의 근관성형 효율을 비교해 보는 것이다. 5년 이상의 임상경력을 가진 치과의사 20명이 Ni-Ti파일 경험자군과 비경험자군으로 나뉘어, $ProTaper\^{(R)}$만을 사용한 C군과 $ProTaper\^{(R)}$ S1과 함께 세 종류의 파일 시스템- $ProFile\^{(R)}$ (P군), $HeroShaper\^{(R)}$ (H군), $K-Flexofile\^{(R)}$ (S군)을 혼합 적용하여, 각각의 방법으로 레진 근관을 성형하였다. 성형 전후 이미지를 중첩 시켜 근관형태 이상을 조사하고, 근단공부터 1, 2, 3mm 위치에서 근관 폭경의 변화량, 중심 변위율을 산출, 비교하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. C군과 S군 모두 다른 실험군에 비해 성형시간이 많이 소요되었다. 경험자군에 비해 비경험자군에서는 C군과 H군에서 더 많은 시간이 소요되었다 P군의 중심변위율은 $ProTaper\^{(R)}$만을 사용한 C군이나 SS파일을 사용한 S군보다 양호하였다. 마찬가지로, 경험자군의 경우에서는 P군에 추가하여 H군도 더 나은 결과를 보였다 (p<0.05). 이 실험 조건하에, $ProFile\^{(R)}$과 $HeroShaper\^{(R)}$를 사용한 혼합법이 $ProTaper\^{(R)}$만을 사용한 성형방법보다 더욱 추천된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1184-1193
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of uncertainty, hope and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Method: The subjects of the study were 113 breast cancer patients treated at 3 university hospitals in Daegu and Busan from June 1 to September 30, 2003. Uncertainty was measured by the Mishel Uncertainty in Il1ness Scale (MUIS), Hope was measured by Nowotny's Hope Scale, and quality of life by Ro's Korean Quality of Life(QOL). Data was analyzed with the SPSS program by t-test, ANOVA, Spearman's rank correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Result: The scores of uncertainty were negatively correlated with hope and QOL(all p's<0.05). Uncertainty revealed that there was a negative correlation among subitems of hope such as confidence, relationship with others, possibility of future, and inner motivation(r=-.333, p=.000; r=-.230, p=.015; r=-.260, p=.006; r=-.291, p=.003). Uncertainty also showed a negative correlation among subitems of QOL such as emotional status, self esteem, and relationship with family(r=-.29, p=.004; r=-.326, p=.000; r=-.197, p=.044), whereas hope revealed a positive correlation among subitems of QOL such as emotional status, self esteem, relationship with neighbor, and relationship with family(r=.243, p=.011; r=.487, p=.000; r=.29, p=.001; r=.29, p=.001). The score of uncertainty was low in graduate school students and subjects using problem solving as a coping method. However, the score of hope was high in college students and subjects using a problem solving method, and the score of QOL was high in professionals. Conclusion: Based on the study results, breast cancer patients experienced living with uncertainty and maintaining hope. Thus the study's findings can be useful in directing a comprehensive nursing care plan to improve QOL of breast cancer patients.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.566-578
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• 2000

This study was conducted to ascertain infant's sleep and feeding patterns for the purpose of building up the positive parent-child relationship and setting up a preliminary parenting education program. The subjects were 16 infants who were cared for in their houses. The data was collected using NCASA developed by Barnard et al. from October 1st to December 3lth, 1999. The analysis of data was done with SPSSWIN for descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA, Correlation Analysis. The result were as follows: 1. The average day sleep of the infant was 9.51 hours, night sleep was 6.27 hours, and total sleep was 15.84 hours. The longest period of day sleep was 3.02 hours, and the longest period of night sleep was 3.72 hours. The regularity of day sleep was 34.78%, night sleep was 61.72% and total was 43.76%. 2. The frequency of daytime feeding was 5.13 times, nighttime was 2.44 times and total was 7.38 times. The regularity of feeding was 52.14%. 3. In the correlation between sleep and feeding patterns, night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.52, P<0.05), the longest period of day sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.73, P<0.001), feeding frequency(r=-.60, P<0.05), the regularity of feeding(r=-.70, P<0.001). The longest period of night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding frequency (r=-.53, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001), the regularity of feeding(r=.57, P<0.05). Day sleep was positively correlated with total sleep(r=.93, P<0.001), the regularity of total sleep was positively correlated with the longest period of day sleep(r=.54, P<0.05), total sleep(r=.65, P<0.001). The regularity of feeding was positively correlated with feeding method(r=.57, P<0.05), total feeding frequency(r=.50, P<0.05), the frequency of daytime feeding(r=.61, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with total feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001). In conclusion, the study showed that infants slept more in the nighttime than in the daytime, but after 3 months the pattern changed and showed that nighttime sleep was increased. Also the regularity of night sleep was increased with the infant's age. Total feeding frequency was decreased with the infant's age, and the regularity of feeding was increased in infants who slept shorter periods in the daytime than in the nighttime.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2004

본 연구는 다기준의사결정문제인 건설 프로젝트의 공법선정문제에 있어서 퍼지계층분석법 및 그 결과 생성되는 각 공법별 퍼지 점수의 상대평가를 위해 퍼지 선호도 함수를 적용하여 상대평가를 하고자 하였다. 지금까지의 건설 공법 선정에 대한 퍼지계층분석법에 대한 연구는 대부분 최종적인 공법선정을 위해서 각 공법별로 도출된 퍼지 점수의 순위결정기법으로 절대평가를 수행하였다. 그러나 이러한 기법은 비교 대상공법에 대한 일관적인 순위결과를 산출해 내지 못하므로 결과적으로 공법선정과정의 전반적인 타당성을 저해하는 문제점을 지니고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건설 분야의 MCDM(Multiple Criteria Decision Making)에 관한 기존의 연구들을 바탕으로 순위 결정기법에 R.P.R(Relative Preference Ratio)기법을 도입하여 각 공법에 대한 퍼지 점수를 상대 평가함으로써 체계적이고 효율적인 건설 공법선정기법을 제시하였고, 이를 창호공법의 선정문제에 적용하여 그 타당성을 살펴보았다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1995

In order to apply to analysis methods of mechanism and cross tabulation methods for the influence factors by the accident types to the object of accidents which occurred in R.C and P.C methods among the accidents in construction work sites, the latent hazards in P.C method are evaluated from the data of accidents in H Company from Jan. 1, 1993 to Dec. 31, 1993. The relationship between accident types and unsafe acts, unsafe conditions are recognized and the hazards of R.C method and P.C method are compared from the data acquired by the analysis of causes for a kind of occurrence mechanism. In conclusions, the items such as causes of accidents, accidents types, occurrence time, and the characteristics, are concentrated on one side in the P.C method, which is quite different from R.C method. Therefore the control method for the accident causes is easily established with a lot of effective advantages. The frequency and severity of accidents in P.C method are so low in comparison with R.C method.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was investigated to identify the relationship among hospital nursing organizational structure(decentralization, communication, bed/nurse ratio), process(nurses' job satisfaction, nurses' clinical experiences, nurses' unit experiences), and nursing outcome(patient satisfaction, physiologic adaptation, length of stay, number of complication). Method: The subjects consisted of 86 hysterectomy patients and 23 nurses in gynecology unit. Data were collected from May 16, 2002 to August 15. 2003 by the structured questionnaires and chart review. Data analysis was done with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis. Result: Relationship between organizational structure and process ; Bed/nurse ratio was negatively related to nurses' job satisfaction(r=- .37, p<.05), and nurses' clinical experience(r=- .69, p<.00). Decentralization(r=.42, p<.05) and comunication(r=.61, p<.00) were positively related to nurses' clinical experiences. Relationship between process and nursing outcome ; There was a significant relationship between nurses' unit experiences and patient satisfaction(r=.63, p<.00), nurses' job satisfaction and physiologic adaptation(r= .44, p<.05), nurses' unit experiences and physiologic adaptation(r=.64, p<.00), Relationship between organizational structure and nursing outcome ; Decentralization and communication were positively related to patient satisfaction(r=.86, p<.00 ; r=.88, p<.00) and physiologic adaptation(r=,51, p<.01, r=.64, p<.00). Conclusion: Nurses' unit experience, communication, decentralization were significant variables for patient satisfaction. Nurses' unit experience, nurses' job satisfaction, communication were significant variables for patient physiologic adaptation.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2023

컴퓨터로 두 이진수 m과 r의 곱셈 m×r=p을 수행함에 있어 시간이 과다 소요되는 곱셈을 전혀 수행하지 않고 단지 덧셈과 우측 자리이동만을 수행하는 방법으로 자리이동-덧셈법이 있다. SA는 승수 r의 자리 수 r_i가 0이면 m×0=0으로 결과 값 p를 우측 자리이동만 하면 되며, r_i가 1이면 m×1=m으로 결과 값 p=p+m을 수행하고, p를 우측자리이동하면 되는 매우 단순한 방법이다. SA에서 SR 횟수는 더 이상 단축시킬 수 없으며, 단지 개선부분은 덧셈 횟수 단축 여부이다. 본 논문에서는 인간이 수행하는 방식인 10진수를 기준으로 보다 작은 수를 r로 설정하는 경우에 비해 컴퓨터가 처리할 이진수로 변환시켰을 때 1의 개수가 보다 작은 수를 r로 설정하는 방법이 덧셈 횟수를 크게 줄일 수 있다는 점에 착안하여 덧셈 최소화 SA 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘을 [-127,128] 범위에서 일부 숫자를 대상으로 부호가 (-,-), (-,+), (+,-), (+,+)인 4가지 경우에 대해 덧셈 횟수를 비교하였다. 실험 결과 얻은 결론은 m과 r을 결정할 때 10진수가 아닌 2진수로 판단해야 함을 보였다.