• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.1B
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• pp.71-79
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• 2011

This paper proposes a compiled-code simulator generation system based-on machine description language for efficient design space exploration in designing an embedded system optimized for a specific application. The proposed system generates a compiled-code simulator which maintains the functional accuracy of an event-driven simulator by determining instruction fetch and decoding processes statically. Generated simulator takes instruction-level and cycle-level simulation for estimating performances in embedded core. To show the efficiency of the constructed compiled-code simulator generator, architecture exploration had been performed for the JPEG encoder application. Starting with MIPS R3000 processor for one embedded core, the proposed system can produce the core showing optimized execution time for the application programming. In this process, a huge amount of simulation time has been used. Cycle-level compiled-code simulator has the functional accuracy and shows performance improvement by 21.7% in terms of simulation speed on the average when compared with an event-driven simulator.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.84-88
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• 2017

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of Cepstral peak prominence (CPP) with parameter of Multiple Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) in evaluating unilateral vocal fold paraylsis patients with subjective voice impairment. Materials and Methods : From July 2014 to August 2016, 37 patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis who had been diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and had received two or more voice tests before and after the diagnosis were evaluated for maximum phonation time (MPT), MDVP and CPP. Respectively. Voice tests were performed with short vowel /a/ and paragraph reading. Results : The CPP-a (CPP with vowel /a/) and CPP-s (CPP with paragraph reading) of the Cepstrum were statistically negatively correlated with G, R, B, and A before the voice therapy. Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR of MDVP were positively correlated with G, R, B. Jitter, Shimmer, and NHR of the MDVP were significantly correlated with the Cepstrum index. G, B, A and CPP-a and CPP-s showed a statistically significant negative correlation and a somewhat higher correlation coefficient between 0.5 and 0.78. On the other hand, in MDVP index, there was a positive correlation with G and B only with Jitter of 0.4. Conclusion : CPP can be an important evaluation tool in the evaluation of speech in the unilateral vocal cord paralysis when speech energy changes or the cycle is not constant during speech.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 2005

Background and Objectives : Artecoll(R) is an injectable soft tissue filler, which is a suspension of polymethylmethacrylate microspheres in $3.5\%$ bovine collagen solution. The authors aimed to determine the clinical of Artecoll of Artecoll(R) as an injection material into the vocal fold to correct the glottal insufficiency caused by unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Materials and Methods : Forty-one consecutive patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis received percutaneous Artecoll injections under local anesthesia. Acoustic, aerodynamic and stroboscopic analyses were prospectively provided before, 1 week and 3 months after injection. Perceptual GRBAS grading by speech language pathologists and subjective ratings of the hoarseness and aspiration by the patients were also obtained. Results : Aerodynamic parameter(maximal phonation time) were significantly improved after the injection (p<0.05). Acoustic parameters (jitter and shimmer) were improved at the 3rd month follow-up. GRBAS uading and patients own subjective scaling of hoarseness and aspiration also showed significant improvement (p<0.05). Early or delayed significant side effects were not observed. Conclusion : Vocal fold injection with Artecoll is a convenient, safe and useful method of temporarily correcting the glottal insufficiency. Further long-term follow-up studies will answer the usefulness and safety of the Artecoll injection laryngoplasty.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2003

Background and Objectives : The vocal fold granuloma has been associated with vocal abuse, gastroesophageal reflux, endotracheal intubation and habitual throat clearing etc.. Granuloma is benign growth of hypertrophic granulation tissue. It is usually located on the posterior third of vocal fold, in one or both vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage In spite of the voice therapy, steroid therapy, anti-reflex therapy and surgical procedure. The distinct advantage and uniform success rate of each methods have not been generally shown. Authors report that localized injection of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX$^{\circledR}$) is the promising method both as an initial treatment and as an alternative treatment in patients who do not respond to standard therapy or who are poor surgical candidates. Materials and Method : We carried out a retrospective study of 9 patients with the diagnosis of vocal fold granuloma on the videostroboscopic examination from Jan 2000 to Mar 2003. The botulinum toxin type A was injected into one or both thyroarytenoid muscle or lateral cricoarytenoid muscle under the electromyography. The average dosage ranges from 6U to 8U per injection. Results : Unilateral vocal fold granuloma in 7 patients had been resolved completely within 2-3 months after first injection : 5 patients received th\ulcorner GER medical therapy in addition to the Botulinum toxin injections, 2 patients was resolved completely who had shown recurrence after $CO_2$ laser vaporization. 2 patients who had shown recurrence after $1^st$ injection were also completely resolved within 6 months after further injections. Conclusion : We expect that localized injection of Botulinum toxin type A can provide an alternative treatment for the refractory cases to the traditional forms of therapy and avoid the recurrence in conjunction with proper medical and voice therapy against GER and vocal abuse.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2015

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the correlation between the measurements of Praat as an acoustic evaluation and those of GRBAS and CAPE-V as perceptual rating tool respectively. Through this, it also tries to find out parameters to which attention should be paid when an evaluator, who is untrained in auditory-perceptual voice evaluation, conducts voice evaluation with objective tool. Materials and Methods:Voice samples of this study were 33 vocal polyp patients(23 males and 10 females) who visited our Department of Otorhinolaryngology. They sustained vowel voices of 'e' were recorded and acoustically analyzed. Results:As the results of correlation analysis between GRBAS and Praat measurements, G scale and R scale showed statistically significant correlation with Jitt, Shim and NHR. And it is found that B scale represented significant correlation with Jitt, S scale with Shim. As the results of analysis on correlation with CAPE-V and Praat measurements, OS scale and R scale showed statistically significant correlation with Jitt, Shim and NHR. B scale represented significant correlation with Jitt, S scale with Shim. Conclusion:Although, both GRBAS and CAPE-V were highly reliable, in comparison between CAPE-V and Pratt, more parameters that showed statistically significant correlation are observed, which implies that VAS has more potential to make detailed evaluation than ORD.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2593-2601
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• 2015

This study was conducted to describe the relationship of Communication Skill, Communication Self-Efficacy and Communication Related Educational Needs of nursing students. The participants were 206 nursing students in K City who were surveyed using self report questionnaires and the data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. 83.5% of nursing students answered communication related education was necessary and they preferred practice centered communication education through role-play. And there was a significant positive correlation between Communication Skill and Communication Self-Efficacy. The results of this study provided a foundation to develop efficient communication program to improve interpersonal relationship of nursing students.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.77-84
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the factors of communication ability and self-esteem in some dental hygiene students. A self-reported questionnaire were completed by dental hygiene students who agree with the questionnaire voluntarily in Gwangju April 1 to 20, 2017, after explaining about the purpose of this study, informed consents were written by the students. The study instruments comprised the general characteristics of the subjects, self-esteem and communication ability. Communication ability had a significant positive corelation for self-esteem(r=0.472, p<0.01). The factors that have on effect on communication ability were Counselor(${\beta}=-0.189$), Major Satisfaction(${\beta}=-0.216$), Positive Self-esteem(${\beta}=0.444$). On the basis of this findings that the higher self-esteem students have, the higher communication ability studenst have, it is necessary to find out ways to improve self-esteem, and the programs for systematic communication ability are needed to develop for dental hygiene students.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04b
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• pp.247-249
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• 2004

마이크로어레이 기술은 근래에 개발된 신기술로써 동시에 수천-수만 개의 유전자 발현을 측정할 수 있어 다양한 생물학적 연구에 이용되고 있다. 여러 단계의 실험 과정과 이를 통해 얻은 다량의 데이터를 처리하기 위해서는 이를 효율적으로 관리. 저장, 분석할 수 있는 통할 정보 관리 시스템을 필요로 한다. 현재 외국에서는 몇몇 관리시스템이 개발되어 있고. 국내에서도 WEMA 등이 있지만 아직 데이터 관리부분에 기능이 치우쳐 있다. 따라서 우리는 복잡한 자료구조를 가지는 마이크로어레이의 실험 정보와 각 단계별 처리 정보 등을 사용자의 관점에서 효과적이고 체계적으로 관리할 수 있고, 데이터 정규화 및 다양한 통계적 분석 기능을 갖춰 불필요한 시간과 비용을 줄임으로써 마이크로어레이 연구에 도움을 주고자 통합 분석관리 시스템 cMAMS (cDNA Microarray Analysis and Management System)를 개발하였다. 웹 기반으로 구현된 cMAMS는 데이터를 저장, 관리하는 부분과 데이터를 분석하는 부분, 그리고 모든 관련 점보가 저장되는 데이터베이스 부분으로 구성되어 있다 데이터관리부분에서는 WEMA의 계층적 데이터구조론 도입해 관리의 효율성을 높이고 시스템의 이용자를 시스템운영자, 프로젝트관리자, 일반사용자로 구분하여 데이터 접근을 제한함으로써 보안성을 높였다. 통계처리 언어 R로 구현된 데이터분석 부분은 7 단계의 다양한 분석(전처리 정규화, 가시화, 군집분석. 판별분석, 특이적 발현 유전자 선뿐, 마이크로어레이 간의 상판분석)이 가능하도록 구현하였고, 분석결과는 데이터베이스에 저장되어 추후에 검토 및 연구자간의 공유가 가능하도록 하였다. 데이터베이스는 실험정보가 저장된 데이터베이스, 분석결과가 저장된 데이터베이스, 그리고 유전자 정보 탐색을 위한 데이터베이스로 분류해 데이터를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 본 시스템은 LiNUX를 운영체계로 하고 데이터베이스는 MYSQL로 하여 JSP, Perl. 통계처리 언어인 R로 구현되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2019

Background and Objectives : Voice disorder is recognized as a major problem because it negatively affects the elderly's social participation and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of Korean aging voice index (KAVI), which assesses the quality of life related to the voice of the elderly. Materials and Method : This study was conducted on 211 elderly people aged 65 years or older : 111 patients with voice disorder (mean age 69.8, range 65-80 years) and 100 nomorphonic participants (mean age 70.6, range 65-82 years). Aging voice index was translated into Korean and used and Korean voice-related quality of life (KVQOL) was conducted to verify KAVI. The validity (item validity, concurrent validity, and construct validity) and reliability (test-retest reliability and internal consistency reliability) of KAVI. Results : The item validity (ICC=0.895) and construct validity (r=0.765) showed a high correlation, respectively. And concurrent validity (r=0.748), test-retest reliability (0.851), and internal consistency reliability (${\alpha}=0.832$) were statistically significant in voice disorder group. In addition, there was a significant difference between the voice disorder and the nomorphonic group in AVI total score. Conclusion : KAVI is a validated and reliable quality of life tool that will be useful for assessing the presence and effectiveness of interventions in clinical settings.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.35-46
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• 2023

In this study, we propose a Dual Approach methodology to enhance the accuracy of document classifiers by utilizing both contextual and keyword information. Firstly, contextual information is extracted using Google's BERT, a pre-trained language model known for its outstanding performance in various natural language understanding tasks. Specifically, we employ KoBERT, a pre-trained model on the Korean corpus, to extract contextual information in the form of the CLS token. Secondly, keyword information is generated for each document by encoding the set of keywords into a single vector using an Autoencoder. We applied the proposed approach to 40,130 documents related to healthcare and medicine from the National R&D Projects database of the National Science and Technology Information Service (NTIS). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methodology outperforms existing methods that rely solely on document or word information in terms of accuracy for document classification.