• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2010

목적: 본 연구는 암환자의 삶의 질, 피로 정도를 확인하고 삶의 질과 피로와의 관계를 파악함으로써 암환자의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 간호중재 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 방법: 대상자는 D, Y, A시에 소재한 대학부속병원에서 암 진단을 받고 치료를 받는 입원환자 94명을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료는 2007년 5월 8일부터 8월 10일까지 구조화된 설명지로 수집하였다. 연구도구로는 피로는 FACIT (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy, www.facit.org)에서 개발한 측정도구인 한국어판 FACIT-Fatigue Scale인 13개 문항과 삶의 질은 FACIT에서 개발한 한국어판 FACT-G (Version 4) 27개 문항을 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 12.0을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test와 ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients로 분석하였다. 결과: 암환자의 피로 정도는 22.48로 중간 정도의 상태를 보였다. 암환자의 삶의 질 정도는 평균 55.52로 중간 정도였고, 삶의 질의 하위영역에서는 신체적 영역이 평균 15.96로 가장 높았고, 기능적 영역이 평균 11.34로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 암환자의 피로는 피로의 정도에 차이를 보인 일반적 특성은 없었으며, 피로의 정도에 차이를 보인 질병관련 특성은 치료형태(F=3.216, P< 0.05), 체중변화(F=9.094, P<0.001), 일상생활 수행상태(F=7.297, P<0.001), 운동(F=5.919, P<0.05), 수면(F= 4.546, P<0.05) 등이었다. 암환자의 삶의 질 정도에 차이를 보인 질병관련 특성은 치료목적(F=4.392, p<0.05), 체중변화(F=23.118, P<0.001), 일상생활 수행상태(F= 9.886, P<0.001), 운동(F=7.699, P<0.001), 수면(F=5.893, P<0.001)이었다. 암환자의 삶의 질은 피로(r=-0.752, P<0.001)와 유의한 역 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 피로는 삶의 질 하부 영역 중 신체적 영역(r=-0.834, P<0.001), 정서적 영역(r=-0.610, P<0.001), 기능적 영역(r=-0.560, P<0.001)과 유의한 역 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 암환자의 삶의 질에 피로가 중요한 변수임을 확인하였고, 암환자의 삶의 질과 피로는 유의한 역 상관관계가 있음도 확인하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 기초로 암환자의 전반적인 삶의 질과 하부영역별 삶의 질을 향상시키고 피로를 감소시킬 수 있는 간호중재 프로그램을 우선적으로 개발하고 적용해야 할 것이다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2010

흑다리긴노린재 [Paromius exiguus (Distant)]의 온도에 따른 발육 시험을 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$의 9개 항온, 광주기 14L:10D, 상대습도 20-30% 조건에서 수행하였다. 알은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 발육하지 못하였으며 $17.5^{\circ}C$에서 발육기간이 28.2일로 가장 길었고 온도가 증가함에 따라 짧아져 $35^{\circ}C$에서 5.9일이 소요되었다. 약층은 $17.5^{\circ}C$와 $35^{\circ}C$에서 1령 약층을 넘기지 못하고 모두 사망하였으나, $20-32.5^{\circ}C$ 범위에서는 온도가 증가할수록 발육기간이 짧아지는 경향을 보였고, 4령을 제외한 모든 영기에서 $32.5^{\circ}C$에서의 발육기간이 $30^{\circ}C$와 같거나 더 길어져 발육속도가 둔화되는 경향을 보였다. 온도와 발육율과의 관계를 설명하기 위해 선형 및 3개의 비선형(Briere 1, Lactin 2, Logan 6) 모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 선형모형을 이용하여 추정한 알과 전체 약층발육의 발육영점온도는 $13.8^{\circ}C$와 $15.3^{\circ}C$였으며 발육 유효적산온도는 각각 109.9, 312.5DD였다. 3가지 비선형 모형 종 Logan-6 모형이 모든 발육단계에서 온도와 발육율과의 관계를 가장 잘 설명하였다 ($r^2$=0.94-0.99). 알 및 유충의 발육단계별 발육완료 분포는 3-parameter Weibull 함수를 사용하였으며 모든 발육단계에서 높은 $r^2$ (0.91-0.99) 값을 보여 양호한 모형 적합성을 보였다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2008

방사성동위원소 및 방사선 기술은 의학, 산업, 농업 및 환경 등과 같이 다양한 분야에서 이용되고 있으며 선진국뿐만 아니라 개발도상 국가의 지속적 성장과 삶의 질 향상에 크게 기여하고 있다. 우리나라가 이의 응용 분야에서 연구개발 사업을 추진하는데 도움이 될 수 있도록 $2008{\sim}2009$년도 국제원자력기구(IAEA)의 관련 프로그램 현황과 중점 추진 분야를 검토하고 향후 전망을 제시하였다. 특히 국제기구를 통한 공동연구 프로그램 참여를 증진시킬 수 있도록 IAEA 프로그램 참여시 이점을 고찰하고 이의 필요성을 강조하였다. 또한 신규 참여 증진을 위한 방향을 제시하고 이의 효율적인 운영 방안을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 전략과 구체적인 방안이 향후 국제공동연구 확대를 위한 정책 수립에 활용되고, 방사선기술 응용 연구를 수행하는 국내 산 학 연 연구기관의 국제공동연구 참여 증진에 기여할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Epigenetic alterations are common features of human solid tumors, though global DNA methylation has been difficult to assess. Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning (RLGS) is one of technology to examine epigenetic alterations at several thousand Notl sites of promoter regions in tumor genome. To assess sequence information for Notl sequences in RLGS gel, we cloned 1,161 unique Notl-linked clones, compromising about 60% of the spots in the soluble region of RLGS profile, and performed BLAT searches on the UCSC genome server, May 2004 Freeze. 1,023 (88%) unique sequences were matched to the CpG islands of human genome showing a large bias of RLGS toward identifying potential genes or CpG islands. The cloned Notl-loci had a high frequency (71%) of occurrence within CpG islands near the 5' ends of known genes rather than within CpG islands near the 3' ends or intragenic regions, making RLGS a potent tool for the identification of gene-associated methylation events. By mixing RLGS gels with all Notl-linked clones, we addressed 151 Notl sequences onto a standard RLGS gel and compared them with previous reports from several types of tumors. We hope our sequence information will be useful to identify novel epigenetic targets in any types of tumor genome.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.47.1-47.1
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• 2015

We present an optical spectroscopic study of 28 supernova remnant (SNR) candidates in M81 and two SNR candidates in M82. The optical spectra of these SNR candidates were obtained using the MMT/Hectospec as a part of the K-GMT Science Program. Based on the [S II]/$H{\alpha}$ ratio and the radial velocity, we find that twenty six out of the M81 candidates are genuine SNRs. Two SNR candidates in M82 are thought to be shocked condensations in the galactic outflow or SNRs. In the spectral line ratio diagrams, M81 SNRs are divided into two groups: an [O III]-strong group and an [O III]-weak group. The [O III]-weak SNRs have larger sizes, and may have faster shock velocity. We estimate the nitrogen and oxygen abundance of the SNRs from the comparison with shock-ionization models. We find a radial gradient in nitrogen abundance, $dLog(N/H)/dlogR=-0.023{\pm}0.009\;dex\;kpc^{-1}$ little evidence for the gradient in oxygen abundance. The nitrogen abundance shows shallower gradient than those of the planetary nebulae and H II regions of M81. We find five X-ray emitting SNRs. Their X-ray hardness colors are consistent with thermal SNRs.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2011

Bearings of marine engines are operated under severe conditions because of dynamic load and low sliding speed. This paper deals with lubrication analysis of a crank pin bearing for a marine diesel engine. Journal center locus and oil film thickness are compared of crank pin bearing. In the past researches, journal bearings have been studied only about the surface of bearing. In addition to this conventional research, this paper analyzes the effect of roundness error of a journal and a bearing on the minimum film thickness. Numerical analysis has been studied by using Reynolds equation and also Half-Sommerfeld condition is applied as boundary condition. Futhermore, this study investigates the effect of roundness error change on the minimum film thickness. The results demonstrate that the bigger amplitude of roundness error yields, the lower minimum oil film thickness is. In comparison to previous research considered a journal and a bearing individually, the results considering a journal and a bearing together show that amplitude of roundness error of journal has very little effect on the minimum oil film thickness.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.30-38
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• 1989

Since the nuclear power plants in Korea have been operated in 1979, the nondestructive testing (NDT) of pressure vessels and/or piping welds plays an important role for maintaining the safety and integrity of the plants. Ultrasonic method is superior to the other NDT method in the viewpoint of the detectability of small flaw and accuracy to determine the locations, sizes, orientations, and shapes. As the service time of the nuclear power plants is increased, the radiation level from the components is getting higher. In order to get more quantitative and reliable results and secure the inspector from the exposure to high radiation level, automation of the ultrasonic equipments has been one of the important research and development(R & D) subject. In this research, it was attempted to visualize the shape of flaws presented inside the specimen using a Modified C-Scan technique. In order to develope Modified C-Scan technique, an automatic ultrasonic scanner and a module to control the scanner were designed and fabricated. IBM-PC/XT was interfaced to the module to control the scanner. Analog signals from the SONIC MARK II were digitized by Analog-Digital Converter(ADC 0800) for Modified C-Scan display. A computer program has been developed and has capability of automatic data acquisition and processing from the digital data, which consist of maximum amplitudes in each gate range and locations. The data from Modified C-Scan results was compared with shape from artificial defects using the developed system. Focal length of focused transducer was measured. The automatic ultrasonic equipment developed through this study is essential for more accurate, reliable, and repeatable ultrasonic experiments. If the scanner are modified to meet to appropriate purposes, it can be applied to automation of ultrasonic examination of nuclear power plants and helpful to the research on ultrasonic characterization of the materials.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.637-646
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop the adaptive device for severe physical disabilities using smart device in the driving simulator and its performance evaluation. Development of appropriate driving adaptive device for the people with serious physical limitation could contribute to maintain their community mobility. Background: There is lack of adaptive driving devices for the people with disabilities in Korea. However, if smart device systems like iPod and iPhone are used for driving a car, the people with serious physical limitations can improve their community mobility. Method: Both gyroscope and accelerometer from iPod were used to measure the tilted angle of the smart device for driving. Customized Labview program was also used to control three axis motors for steering wheel, accelerator and brake pedals. Thirteen subjects were involved in the experiment for performance evaluation of smart device in simulator. Five subjects had driver licenses. Another four subjects did not have driver licenses. Others were people with disabilities. Results: Average driving score of the normal group with driver license in the simulator increased 46.6% compared with the normal group without driver license and increased 30.4% compared with the disabled group(p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the average driving score between normal group without driver license and disabled group(p>0.05). Conclusion: The normal group with driver license showed significantly higher driving score than other groups. The normal group without driver license and disabled group could improve their driving skills with training in simulator. Application: If follow-up studies would be continued and applied in adapted vehicle for on road environment, many people with more severe disabilities could drive and improve the quality of life.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2019

Microstructure evolution and tensile properties of Al-8mass%Mg alloy casting billet by biaxial alternative forging were investigated in this study. An alternative forging system tailored in this study was used to allow continuous strain accumulations on the alloy workpiece. A finite element (FE) simulation results revealed that the strain was mainly concentrated in the core and that the shear bands developed into a form with an X shape in the cross-section of workpiece after the alternative forging using octangular rod shaped dies. With increasing the forging passes, it was observed that the Al-8mass%Mg alloy workpieces were significantly deformed, and cracks began to form and propagate on the both ends of the forged workpieces after five passes at room temperature. In as-forged microstructures taken by microscopes, twins, clustering of dislocations, and fine subgrains were found. Tensile strengths of the forged specimens showed significant increases depending on the number of forging passes, and a trade-off relationship was observed between the elongation and strength. At room temperature and 100℃ the workpieces showed similar behaviors in microstructural evolution and tensile properties depending on forging passes, while the increase range in strength was reduced at 200℃.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of study was to extend the understanding and knowledge of hwa-byung by identify the relationship between anger and depression level in hwa-byung patients. Method : The subjects in this study were 69 hwa-byung patients who hwa-byung clinic in oriental hospital. The data were collected through the personal interviews with questionnaires and the period for data collection was from March. to June. 2001. The tools of the measurement were the anger scale that developed by Spielberg and translated by June, et al. The tools of the measurement were the Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) that developed by Radloff and translated by Shin. The data was analyzed by the SPSS computer program that included the descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA and pearson correlation. Result : 1. The mean score for anger was 17.4, 24.9, and the mean score of depression was 20.3. 2. There was the significant difference in the score for anger according to the age(t=7.02, p=.000), the marital status(t=3.34, p=.001), the average monthly income(t=5.48, p=.000), the occupation (t=2.18, p=.031). 3. There was the significant difference in the score for depression according to the age(t=3.58, p=.016), education(t=6.35, p=.002), the average monthly income(t=11.37, p=.000), 4. Anger in Hwa-byung patients showed significant correlation with depression level(r=.405, p=.000). Conclusion : From this study, a relationship between anger and depression in hwa-byung patients was identified. Therefore, nursing interventions are needed to assessment anger and depression level with hwa-byung patients.