• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.185-201
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• 1994

The Quercus mongolica forest vegetation of Mt. Myongji was classified into two communities including four subunit communities and one typical subunit community by the Z-M method as follows: Acer pseudo-sieboldianum-Quercus mongolica community group Quercus mongolica - Isodon excisus community Quercus mongolica - Styrax obassia community Quercus mongolica - Lespedeza bicolor subunit coummunity Quercus mongolica - Aconitum longecassidatum subunit community Quercus mongolica - Rhododendrom schlippenbachii subunit community Quercus mongolica - Cornus controversa subunit community Quercus mongolica - Styrax obassia typical subunit community Acer pseudo-sieboldianum - Quercus mongolica community group was distributed over the upper region of the altitude 400m, and the differential species in the community were Carex siderosticata, Sephanandra incisa, Tripterygium regelii, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla. The vegetation patterns for the slope and azimuth showed that the highest importance value for Quercus mongolica forest was observed on the broad subxeric area, and for Carpinus cordata and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum on the wet site, for Acer mono, Styrax obassia, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa on the xeric site. The best habitat condition for Quercus mongolica was found at a subxeric site at the altitude of 700-900m on southern slope and that for Acer pseudo-sieboldianum at the 700-1100m on northern slope.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.214-222
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• 1997

본 연구는 우리 나라 낙엽 활엽수림의 대표적인 수종인 신갈나무림을 분류하기 위하여 강원도 오대산, 점봉산 및 중왕산의 자연 식생 중에서 100개소를 조사하였으며, 식물사회학적 방법과 TWINSPAN에 의하여 군락을 분류하였다. 1. 신갈나무림을 식물사회학적 방법으로 분류하면 신갈나무-당단풍 군락군의 신갈나무-까치박달나무군락, 신갈나무-당단풍 전형 군락, 신갈나무-생강나무 군락 및 신갈나무-분비나무 군락으로 구분되었으며, 신갈나무-까치박달나무 군락은 다시 복장나무 하위 군락 및 전형 하위 군락으로 구분되었다. 2. TWINSPAN에 의하여 분류하면 신갈나무-복장나무 군락, 신갈나무-까치박달나무 군곽, 신갈나무-당단풍 군락, 신갈나무-생강나무 군락, 신갈나무-분비나무 군락으로 구분되었다. 3. 식물사회학적 방법과 TWINSPAN에 의한 군락 분류는 일치성을 보이고 있어 두 방법에 의한 군락 분류 방법은 상호 보완될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2000

Forest vegetation in Mt. Jangan County Park, Jeonlabuk-Do, Korea, was investigated by classification and ordination methods. By the cluster analysis (classification) method, nine groups were recognized as follows : Quercus serrata community, Quercus serrata- Carpinus laxiflora community, Cornus controversa community, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Quereus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community. Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community. These groups showed differences in species composition and environmental characteristics, but Quercus mongolica - Sasa borealis community, Quercus mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community and Quercus mongolica - Rhododendron schlippenbachii community among them showed very similar floristic composition to each other. The interrelationship between the floristic composition of the vegetation and environmental factors was analysed by principal component analysis (PCA). Quercus mongolica community was distributed at a high altitude (900～1200 m above sea level). Fraxinus mandshurica community and Cornus controversa community were differentiated from the other communities with high contents of soil moisture and pH. On the other hand, Carpinus laxiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were distributed at places with adequate levels of soil moisture, soil organic matter. and at low altitude. In this study, the altitude and soil moisture were the main factors determining the forest vegetation. They were strongly correlated with the dominant compositional gradient at the localities examined.

• 농촌계획
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2011

This paper is to contribute for management and restoration as a basic study of vegetation structure in Aemirang Hill, Nakdongjeongmaek. To verify the characteristics of vegetation structure, we set up 25 plots($100m^2$). The result of community analysis was used by TWINSPAN classification. The communities were classified 7 types i.e. Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Q. mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica-Betula davurica community, Larix leptolepis community. Pinus densiflora community and Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community are progressively transforming a Quercus mongolica community that is called Pinus densiflora next succession stage. Whereas the communities that has dominant Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica did not appear a next generation succession tree such as Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata in the under story and shrub layer. Therefore, Aemirang Hill's ecological succession was to maintain the status condition. Aemirang Hill's diversity index is 0.5738 to 0.8906. It were analyzed that diversity index was lower than other places.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1972

As part of the study of the structure and the successional trends of our temperate forests, a quantitative survey was made of the relatively well conserved forest stands on Mt. Kwanak, Seoul. Three community types were observed; the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, the Pinus densiflora community, and the Quercus mongolica community. Evidence suggests that the dominance of Pinus densiflora and quercus mongolica will continue in the Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, however, in the Pinus densiflora community the dominant species, Pinus densiflora, is now being replaced by Quercus mongolica. The trend toward an increased in Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus cordita, and Acer mono is observed in the Quercus mongolica community. An analysis of the overall composition of the forest reveals that the upper story is mostly occupied by Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora, the shrub layer by Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Lespedeza maximowiczii, and the herb layer by Spodiopogon cotulifer and Artemisia keiskeana. Quercus mongolica may cover most part of the forest, gradually excluding Pinus densiflora. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Carpinus coradata, and Acer mono are increasing in importance with the potentiality of developing into major canopy components. With the diversification of the physical habitat Cephalotaxus koreana and Magnolia sieboldii, the species which had almost completely been eliminated form the forest through the severe interferences, have reappeared.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.367-383
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• 1995

The relationship between floristic composition and soil environmental factors was investigated in the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu.The forest vegetation unit of the Mt. Mohu could be divided into three communities, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community and Quercus variabilis community. There were two subcommunities in Quercus mongolica community, which were Rhododendron schlippcubachii subcommunity and Stephanandra incisa subcommunity. The Quercus mongolica community was distributed at the altitude of 600~900 m, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities were distributed on south-west slope at the altitudes of 430~520 m and 400~500 m, respectively.The DBH class of dominant species in each community showed that Quercus mongolica had 9 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, Quercus variabilis 5.6 individuals/a at 11~15 cm class, and Pinus densiflora 8 individuals/a at 16~20 cm class. Quercus mongolica. Quercus variabilis and Pinus densiflora communities showed a bell-shape distribution.The contents of organic matter and soil water, and cation exchange capacity of the soil increased and the pH decreased in proportion to increased altitude. The soil environmental conditions of Quercus mongolica community were more favorable than those of Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis communities.The supposed successional sere of the forest vegetation of Mt. Mohu was as follows: Pinus densiflora community.Quercus variabilis community.Quercus mongolica community

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 1998

본 연구는 한반도 냉온대 낙엽수림을 특징짓는 신갈나무림에 대한 군집별 토양특성의 차이를 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 본 연구에서 식생조사 및 토양조사는 1991년 4월부터 1994년 10월까지 오대산과 중왕산 전역에서 신갈나무가 우점하는 임분을 대상으로 실시하였다. 조사지역내의 신갈나무 우점림을 Braun-Blanquet 법으로 분석한 결과, 조사지역은 신갈나무-분비나무, 신갈나무-당단풍, 신갈나무-생강나무, 신갈나무-복장나무, 그리고 신갈나무-까치박달나무의 5개 군집으로 구분되었다. 신갈나무-분비나무군집은 A층의 토심이 약 5cm로서 다른 군집에 비해서 가장 얕게 발달되어 있었으며 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 l0cm까지 발달되어 있었고 건조한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-당단풍군집과 신갈나무-생강나무군집은 매우 유사한 토양의 형태학적인 특성을 가지고 있었으며 A층의 토심이 약 20cm였다. 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 20cm까지 발달되어 있고 약간 건조한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-복장나무군집과 신갈나무-까치박달나무군집의 두 군집 또한 유사한 토양특성을 보여주었는데 A층의 토심은 약 35cm로서 다른 군집에 비해 가장 깊은 A층을 유지하고 있었다. 식물뿌리는 주로 토심 40cm이상까지 발달되어 있었고 비교적 습윤한 토양수분 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 신갈나무-복장나무군집 그리고 신갈나무-까치박달나무군집은 0~100m 그리고 10~20cm의 토양깊이에서 가장 많은 유기물. 전질소, 치환성 Ca. Mg. 그리고 K 함량과 CEC를 가지고 있었으며, 신갈나무-분비나무군집에서 가장 적은 유기물, 전질소, 그리고 CEC를 가지고 있었다. 본 연구 결과 신갈나무림의 군집별 토양특성은 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 존재하는 식생들에 의한 차이보다는 우선적으로 군집간 주요 분포지의 입지조건이 다르기 때문으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2004

Forest community structure analysis in the Seooreung area, Goyang-si was carried out to supply basic data for reasonable management and conservation. The forest vegetation of the Seooreung area was classified into Alnus japonica community, Quercus mongolica - Carpinus laxiflora community, Quercus serrata community, and Pinus densiflora community. The dominant species in the area were in the order of Quercus mongolica, Quercus serrata, Robinia pseudoacacia, Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena, Styrax japonica, Pinus rigida, and Alnus hirsuta. According to the DBH analysis result, Pinus densiflora was dominance species in Tomb area. Pinus rigida had a density of normal distribution style in the entire forests, therefore, their dominance are expected to continue for now. However, Quercus serrata is expected to extend their influence in the future in competition with Pinus rigida. Quercus mongolica had a density of normal distribution style in the Quercus mongolica - Carpinus laxiflora community, therefore, their dominance are expected to continue for now. Carpinus laxiflora is expected to extend their influence in the future in competition with Quercus mongolica. The relationship between the distribution of dominant species of forest vegetation and soil condition in Seooreung area was investigated by analyzing soil nutrition and moisture gradient. Alnus hirsuta community was distributed in the mesic and medium nutrition area and Quercus mongolica - Carpinus laxiflora community in the serix and relative good nutrition area. Pinus densiflora community was distributed in the serix and poor nutrition area and Quercus serrata community in the subserix and medium nutrition area.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.462-468
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• 1998

신갈나무 군집과 환경 요인과의 관계를 구명하기 위하여 설악산 한계령 지역과 백담사 부근에서 25개의 조사구를 설치하여 식생조사를 실시하였으며, TWINSPAN과 CCA 방법을 사용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 신갈나무림은 신갈나무-피나무 군집, 신갈나무-젓나무 군집, 신갈나무-쪽동백나무 군집과 신갈나무-졸참나무 군집으로 구분할 수 있다. 주요 군집들과 환경요인들과의 관계로 보면 신갈나무-ㅠㅣ나무 군집은 해발고가 다른 군집보다 높고 전질소와 C.E.C.의 양료가 적은 곳에 분포하고 있으며, 신갈나무-젓나무 군집은 해발고가 다른 군집보다 높고, 전질소와 C.E.C.의 양료가 가장 많은 곳에 분포하고 있으며, 신갈나무-쪽동백나무 군집은 해발고가 중간이며, 전질소와 C.E.C.의 양료가 적은 곳에 분포하고 있다. 군집의 분포에 영향을 미치는 환경 요인들은 해발고, C.E.C., 전질소 등이다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.27-40
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• 1991

For the establishment of district planning in natural parks, vegetationin the most significant point. Consequently, district plan should be made basically under phytosociological investigations. The purpose of this paper is to conserve vegetation in the district planning at natural park(Nam Han San Sung provincial natural park). The result of vegetation survey are as follows : As an actual vegetation 13 communities are recognized. Those are Quercus mongolica-Carpinus laxiflora community, Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community, Quercus serrate community, Betula platyphylla var. Japonica community, Quercus dentata community, Quercus mongolica-Pnuus densiflora community, Quercus acutissima community, Robinia pseudo-acacia community, Alnus hirsuta community, Castanea crenata community, Quercus variabilis community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus rigida community, weed community on cultivated land(Form land), Larix leptolepis reforested land, cut over area and non-vegetation area. The grade of vegetation naturalness was divided into five degrees by characteristics of actual vegetation. I intended to make zoning plan for protection of vegetation with a special attention to the grade of vegetation naturalness and I discussed the necessity of the improvement of existing district plan. District plan was proposed as Fig. 5.