• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.16-21
• /
• 2006

In this paper, current status of experimental and theoretical work on quantum bits based on the semiconductor quantum dots in the University of Seoul will be presented. A new proposal utilizing the multi-valley quantum state transitions in a Si quantum dot as a possible candidate for a quantum bit with a long decoherence time will be also given. Qubits are the multi-valley symmetric and anti-symmetric orbitals. Evolution of these orbitals is controlled by an external electric field, which turns on and off the inter-valley interactions. Initialization is achieved by turning on the inter-valley Hamiltonian to let the system settle down to the symmetric orbital state. Estimates of the decoherence time is made for the longitudinal acoustic phonon process.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.2318-2324
• /
• 2017

차세대 암호로 대두 되고 있는 양자암호는 양자키전송 프로토콜과 양자비밀직접통신으로 나뉘어 연구되고 있다. 양자키전송 프로토콜은 사용상의 비효율성 때문에 현대암호와 병합하여 사용하거나 OTP를 포기한 형태로 사용될 수 있다. 본 고에서는 양자키전송이 아닌 직접통신을 양자암호화 하여 진행하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 양자비밀 직접통신을 구현하는 방식은 2채널 방식을 이용하였다. 두 채널 중 한쪽 채널에 아인슈타인의 중력장에의한 시간지연 함수를 적용하여 두 채널간 시간차를 적용하는 방식의 양자비밀직접통신 프로토콜을 설계 하였다. 제안하는 시간 지연 효과는 중력렌즈 현상을 반영한 것으로 점질량에 의한 시간지연을 제안하였다. 원심가속도를 이용한 중력 발생기는 점질량계에 포함되며 이를 이용한 시간지연은 중력계의 변화에 의한 상관관계를 보임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.140-144
• /
• 2012

Compared with bulk material, quantum dots have received increasing attention due to their fascinating physical properties, including optical and electronic properties, which are due to the quantum confinement effect. Especially, Luminescent CdSe quantum dots have been highly investigated due to their tunable size-dependent photoluminescence across the visible spectrum. They are of great interest for technical applications such as light-emitting devices, lasers, and fluorescent labels. In particular, quantum dot-based light-emitting diodes emit high luminance. Quantum dots have very high luminescence properties because of their absorption coefficient and quantum efficiency, which are higher than those of typical dyes. CdSe quantum dots were synthesized as a function of the synthesis time and synthesis temperature. The photoluminescence properties were found strongly to depend on the reaction time and the temperature due to the core size changing. It was also observed that the photoluminescence intensity is decreased with the synthesis time due to the temperature dependence of the band gap. The wavelength of the synthesized quantum dots was about 550-700 nm and the intensity of the photoluminescence increased about 22~70%. After the CdSe quantum dots were synthesized, the particles were found to have grown until reaching a saturated concentration as time increased. Red shift occurred because of the particle growth. The microstructure and phase developments were measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2004

A canonical transformation changes variables such as coordinates and momenta to new variables preserving either the Poisson bracket or the commutation relations depending on whether the problem is classical or quantal respectively. Classically canonical transformations are well established as a powerful tool for solving differential equations. Quantum canonical transformations have been defined and used relatively recently because of the non-commutativeness of the quantum variables. Three elementary canonical transformations and their composite transformations have quantum implementations. Quantum canonical transformations have been mostly used in time-independent Schrodinger equations and a harmonic oscillator with time-dependent angular frequency is probably the only time-dependent problem solved by these transformations. In this work, we apply quantum canonical transformations to a harmonic oscillator in which both angular frequency and equilibrium position are time-dependent.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 2021

Quantum information has passed the theoretical research period and has entered the realization step for its application to the information and communications technology (ICT) sector. Currently, quantum information has the advantage of being safer and faster than conventional digital computers. Thus, a lot of research is being done. The amount of big data that one needs to deal with is expected to grow exponentially. It is also a new business model that can change the landscape of the existing computing. Just as the IT sector has faced many challenges in the past, we need to be prepared for change brought about by Quantum. We would like to look at studies on quantum communication, quantum sensing, and quantum computing based on quantum information and see the technology levels of each country and company. Based on this, we present the vision and challenge for quantum information in the future. Our work is significant since the time for first-time study challengers is reduced by discussing the fundamentals of quantum information and summarizing the current situation.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.761-765
• /
• 2023

We analyzed the absorption spectra of acetone in the 3.37 ㎛ mid-infrared range using the off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy technique to develop a real-time, in-line breath analysis device. The linear relationship between acetone concentration and absorption increase was confirmed as 0.32%/ppm, indicating that the developed device allows for a quantitative analysis of acetone concentration in exhaled breath. To further confirm the feasibility of using our device for breath analysis, we measured the acetone concentration of human breath samples at the sub-ppm level.

• Journal of Web Engineering
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.1377-1418
• /
• 2022

As it has been recently proven that the public key-based RSA algorithms that are currently used in encryption can be unlocked by Shor's algorithm of quantum computers in a short time, conventional security systems are facing new threats, and accordingly, studies have been actively conducted on new security systems. They are classified into two typical methods: Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). PQC aims to design conventional cryptography systems in a more robust way so that they will not be decrypted by a quantum computer in a short time whereas QKD aims to make data tapping and interception physically impossible by using quantum mechanical characteristics. In this paper, we design a quantum key management system, which is most crucial for constructing a QKD network and analyze the design requirements to apply them to Korea Research Environment Open NETwork (KREONET). The quantum key management system not only manages the lifecycle, such as storage, management, derivation, allocation, and deletion of the symmetric key generated in QKD but also enables many-to-many communication in QKD communication based on the key relay function and P2P communication to overcome the limitation of distance, which is a disadvantage of QKD. We have validated the designed quantum key management system through simulations to supplement the parts that were not considered during the initial design.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.304-317
• /
• 2023

With the rapid evolution of quantum computing, digital quantum simulations are essential for quantum algorithm verification, quantum error analysis, and new quantum applications. However, the exponential increase in memory overhead and operation time is challenging issues that have not been solved for years. We propose a novel approach that provides more qubits and faster quantum operations with smaller memory than before. Our method selectively tracks realized quantum states using a reduced quantum state representation scheme instead of loading the entire quantum states into memory. This method dramatically reduces memory space ensuring fast quantum computations without compromising the global quantum states. Furthermore, our empirical evaluation reveals that our proposed idea outperforms traditional methods for various algorithms. We verified that the Grover algorithm supports up to 55 qubits and the surface code algorithm supports up to 85 qubits in 512 GB memory on a single computational node, which is against the previous studies that support only between 35 qubits and 49 qubits.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
• /
• 제10권spc호
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2022

Existing network cryptography systems are threatened by recent developments in quantum computing. For example, the Shor algorithm, which can be run on a quantum computer, is capable of overriding public key-based network cryptography systems in a short time. Therefore, research on new cryptography systems is actively being conducted. The most powerful cryptography systems are quantum key distribution (QKD) and post quantum cryptograph (PQC) systems; in this study, a network based on both QKD and PQC is proposed, along with a quantum key management system (QKMS) and a Q-controller to efficiently operate the network. The proposed quantum cryptography communication network uses QKD as its backbone, and replaces QKD with PQC at the user end to overcome the shortcomings of QKD. This paper presents the functional requirements of QKMS and Q-Controller, which can be utilized to perform efficient network resource management.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.382-387
• /
• 2014

An all-reflective, simple noncollinear second harmonic (SH) autocorrelator is described for monitoring the shot-to-shot behavior of ultrashort high-power laser pulses. Two mirrors are used for the dispersion-free splitting of a pulse into two halves. One of the mirrors is able to adjust the delay time and angle between two halves of the laser pulse in a nonlinear crystal. We present the possibility of real-time measurement of the pulse duration, peak intensity (or energy), and the pointing jitters of a laser pulse, by analyzing the spatial profile of the SH autocorrelation signal measured by a CCD camera. The measurement of the shot-to-shot variation of those parameters will be important for the detailed characterization of laser accelerated electrons or protons.