• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1459-1478
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• 2020

In the last few years, quantum communication technology and services have been developing in various advanced applications to secure the sharing of information from one device to another. It is a classical commercial medium, where several Internet of Things (IoT) devices are connected to information communication technology (ICT) and can communicate the information through quantum systems. Digital communications for future networks face various challenges, including data traffic, low latency, deployment of high-broadband, security, and privacy. Quantum communication, quantum sensors, quantum computing are the solutions to address these issues, as mentioned above. The secure transaction of data is the foremost essential needs for smart advanced applications in the future. In this paper, we proposed a quantum communication model system for future ICT and methodological flow. We show how to use blockchain in quantum computing and quantum cryptography to provide security and privacy in recent information sharing. We also discuss the latest global research trends for quantum communication technology in several countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Korea, and others. Finally, we discuss some open research challenges for quantum communication technology in various areas, including quantum internet and quantum computing.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 2008년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.XVIII
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• pp.3-3
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• 2008

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Similar to present computers, quantum computers comprise quantum bits (qubits) and an operating system. However, because the quantum states are fragile, we need to correct quantum errors using entangled physical qubits with quantum error correction (QEC) codes. The combination of entangled physical qubits with a QEC protocol and its computational model are called a logical qubit and fault-tolerant quantum computation, respectively. Thus, QEC is the heart of fault-tolerant quantum computing and overcomes the limitations of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing. Therefore, in this study, we briefly survey the status of QEC codes and the physical implementation of logical qubit over various qubit technologies. In summary, we emphasize 1) the error threshold value of a quantum system depends on the configurations and 2) therefore, we cannot set only any specific theoretical and/or physical experiment suggestion.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1060-1066
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• 2021

최근, 양자컴퓨터를 활용하기 위한 연구개발이 다양한 분야에서 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 양자컴퓨터는 양자 얽힘, 양자중첩과 같은 다양한 양자역학의 현상과 특성을 활용하여 연산을 수행하기 때문에 기존 컴퓨팅 환경에 비해 아주 복잡한 연산과정을 거치게 된다. 이러한 양자컴퓨터를 구동하기 위해서는 연산에 활용되는 양자게이트의 구성뿐만 아니라 큐비트의 종류, 배치, 연결성 등 물리적인 양자컴퓨터의 요소를 반영한 알고리즘이 구성되어야 한다. 따라서 양자컴퓨터 구성요소들의 상호간 영향을 포함한 구성 정보를 직관적으로 파악할 수 있는 회로 시각화가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 양자컴퓨터를 구성하는 양자칩 정보와 양자컴퓨팅 회로 데이터를 3D로 시각화하여 직관적으로 데이터를 관측하고 활용할 수 있도록 시각화 하여 직관적인 정보를 분석할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2018

최근 양자프로세서와 관련한 연구개발이 본격화되면서 실제 수행가능 한 양자계산량도 계속 증가하고 있다. 이에 양자컴퓨팅은 본격적으로 활용화단계로 진입하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 다만 아직은 큰 규모의 양자컴퓨팅이 가능하지 않기 때문에 작은 규모의 문제이지만 고전컴퓨팅으로는 해결하기 힘들고, 양자컴퓨팅으로는 효과적으로 계산할 수 있는 문제를 대상으로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 관련하여 양자컴퓨터를 이용한 작은 크기의 양자시뮬레이션분야의 실질적인 계산성능에 대한 정량적인 분석 결과를 보고한다. 분석결과 현재까지의 결함허용 기반 양자컴퓨팅은 양자계산성능의 측면에서 다양한 문제점을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 이와 관련하여 향후 수행해야 할 연구개발 내용을 정리하였다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

최근 엄청난 계산 능력을 보여주는 양자 컴퓨터와 정보 접근성이 높고 비용이 낮은 클라우드 컴퓨팅에 대한 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 양자 컴퓨터의 경우 양자오류정정부호가 필수적이며, 클라우드 컴퓨팅의 경우 보안성 및 계산성을 확보하기 위해 동형암호가 사용될 수 있다. 각각 다른 목적을 위해 사용되는 이 두 기법은 서로 비슷한 가정을 바탕으로 하고 있어, 양자오류정정부호를 기반으로 동형암호를 구성하는 연구들이 진행되어왔다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 일반적인 양자오류정정부호를 변형하여 동형암호적 양자정보처리가 가능한 기법을 제시한다. 기존의 양자오류정정부호를 이용한 동형암호기법의 경우 부호를 사용하였지만 오류정정 능력이 전혀 없는데 반해, 제시한 양자오류정정부호 기법을 사용하면 동형암호적 양자정보처리가 가능하면서도, 동시에 양자오류정정부호 본연의 기능인 양자정보의 연산, 저장 중의 오류를 정정할 수 있는 장점이 존재한다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2023

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an area of quantum computing that leverages its principles to develop machine learning algorithms and techniques. QML is aimed at combining traditional machine learning with the capabilities of quantum computing to devise approaches for problem solving and (big) data processing. Nevertheless, QML is in its early stage of the research and development. Thus, more theoretical studies are needed to understand whether a significant quantum speedup can be achieved compared with classical machine learning. If this is the case, the underlying physical principles may be explained. First, fundamental concepts and elements of QML should be established. We describe the inception and development of QML, highlighting essential quantum computing algorithms that are integral to QML. The advent of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era and Google's demonstration of quantum supremacy are then addressed. Finally, we briefly discuss research prospects for QML.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2021

Quantum information has passed the theoretical research period and has entered the realization step for its application to the information and communications technology (ICT) sector. Currently, quantum information has the advantage of being safer and faster than conventional digital computers. Thus, a lot of research is being done. The amount of big data that one needs to deal with is expected to grow exponentially. It is also a new business model that can change the landscape of the existing computing. Just as the IT sector has faced many challenges in the past, we need to be prepared for change brought about by Quantum. We would like to look at studies on quantum communication, quantum sensing, and quantum computing based on quantum information and see the technology levels of each country and company. Based on this, we present the vision and challenge for quantum information in the future. Our work is significant since the time for first-time study challengers is reduced by discussing the fundamentals of quantum information and summarizing the current situation.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1321-1329
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• 2017

A quantum computer, based on quantum mechanics, is a paradigm of information processing that can show remarkable possibilities of exponentially improved information processing. This paradigm can be solved in a short time by calculating factoring problem and discrete logarithm problem that are typically used in public key cryptosystems such as RSA(Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) and ECC(Elliptic Curve Cryptography). In 2013, Lei et al. proposed a secure NTRU-based key distribution protocol for quantum computing. However, Lei et al. protocol was vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. In this paper, we propose a NTRU(N-the truncated polynomial ring) key distribution protocol with mutual authentication only using NTRU convolution multiplication operation in order to maintain the security for quantum computing. The proposed protocol is resistant to quantum computing attacks. It is also provided a secure key distribution from various attacks such as man-in-the middle attack and replay attack.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.316-330
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• 2008

This paper proposes a novel method for transporting various types of user traffic effectively over the next generation network called integrated services digital network 3 (ISDN3) (or quantum network) using quantum packets. Basically, a quantum packet comprises one or more 53-byte quanta as generated by a "quantumization" process. While connection-oriented traffic is supported by fixed-size quantum packets each with one quantum to emulate circuit switching, connectionless traffic (e.g., IP packets and active packets) is carried by variable-size quantum packets with multiple quanta to support store-and-forward switching/routing. Our aim is to provide frame-like or datagram-like services while enabling cell-based multiplexing. The quantum packet method also establishes a flexible and extensible framework that caters for future packetization needs while maintaining backward compatibility with ATM. In this paper, we discuss the design of the quantum packet method, including its format, the "quantumization" process, and support for different types of user traffic. We also present an analytical model to evaluate the consumption of network resources (or network costs) when quantum packets are employed to transfer loss-sensitive data using three different approaches: cut-through, store-and-forward and ideal. Close form mathematical expressions are obtained for some situations. In particular, in terms of network cost, we discover two interesting equivalence phenomena for the cut-through and store-and-forward approaches under certain conditions and assumptions. Furthermore, analytical and simulation results are presented to study the system behavior. Our analysis provides valuable insights into the. design of the ISDN3/quantum network.