• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.101-114
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper examines the "Arrangement Concerning Mutual Assistance in Court-ordered Interim Measures in Aid of Arbitral Proceedings by the Courts of the Mainland and of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region" (the Arrangement), which became effective on October 1, 2019, calling on courts of mainland China and Hong Kong for reciprocal commitment in support of court-ordered interim measures in aid of arbitral proceedings. Because the Hong Kong courts have granted interim measures in aid of arbitral proceedings seated in and outside of Hong Kong even prior to the Arrangement becoming effective, this paper focuses on the significance of the Arrangement making Hong Kong the first and only seat outside of mainland China from which parties to arbitral proceedings may successfully obtain interim measures to preserve of assets, properties, and/or evidence from Chinese courts to be enforced in China. Design/methodology - The significance of interim measures in international arbitration and the existing circumstances of interim measures in support of international arbitral proceedings in mainland China and Hong Kong are discussed first in this paper. Due to the confidential nature of arbitral proceedings, while the details of applications for interim measures pursuant to the Arrangement cannot be discussed, in examining the implications of the Arrangement, the relevant and necessary information was made available from the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre, as it is one of the six qualified arbitral institutions under the Arrangement. Findings - This groundbreaking Arrangement provides a mechanism for parties with China-related matters to more effectively resolve their disputes, the opportunity for Hong Kong to become an unparalleled seat of arbitration, and for mainland China to overcome some of its negative perceptions in international arbitration. Because the Arrangement also allows parties to directly apply for interim measures from mainland Chinese courts, parties with China-related matters should take note of this potential bypassing of the procedural hurdle, which usually requires an arbitral institution to submit such applications in China, and make strategic decisions accordingly as may be appropriate. Originality/value - Because the Arrangement is a recent yet a significant agreement calling on courts of mainland China and Hong Kong for reciprocal commitment in support of court-ordered interim measures in aid of arbitral proceedings, this study will provide useful guidance for parties with China-related matters all over the world, especially in light of China's rapid economic growth and extensive and prominent trade relationships in today's world. Parties who foresee the need for interim measures from mainland Chinese courts should designate Hong Kong as their seat of arbitration and select one of the six qualified arbitral institutions under the Arrangement to administer their arbitral proceedings in order to benefit from the Arrangement.

• Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.190-208
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• 2018

Objectives To initiate and develop a treatment guideline in multidisciplinary approaches for related professions who are either working and/or living with children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders who show behavioral problems. Methods To collect and reflect opinions from multiple professions who assumedly have different interventions or mediations on behavioral problems, a self-report survey and Focus Group Interview (FGI) were conducted for a group of child and adolescent psychiatrists, behavioral therapists, special education teachers, social welfare workers, and caregivers. Results According to a self-report survey and FGI results from multiple professional groups, aggressive behavior is the mostly common behavioral problem necessitating urgent interventions. However, both mainly used intervention strategies and effective treatment methods were different depending on professional backgrounds, such as pharmacological treatment, parent training, and behavior therapy, even though they shared an importance of improving communication skills. In addition, there was a common understanding of necessity to include parent training in a guideline. Lastly the data suggested lack of proper treatment facilities, qualified behavior therapists, and lack of standardized treatment guideline in the field needed to be improved for a quality of current therapeutic services. Conclusion It is supported that several subjects should be included in the guidelines, such as how to deal with aggressive behavior, parent training, and biological aspects of neurodevelopmental disorders. Also, it is expected that publishing the guideline would be helpful to above multiple professions as it is investigated that there are lack of treatment facility and qualified behavioral therapists compared to need at the moment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

In this paper, a new design method for IMC-PID that adds a phase scaling factor of system identifications to the standard IMC-PID controller as a control parameter is proposed. Based on analytically derived frequency properties such as gain, phase margin and maximum magnitude of sensitivity function, this tuning rule is an optimal control method determining the optimum values of controlling factors to minimize the cost function, integral error criterion of the step response in time domain, in the constraints of design parameters to guarantee qualified frequency design specifications. The proposed controller improves existing single-parameter design methods of IMC-PID in the inflexibility problem to be able to consider various design specifications. Its effectiveness is examined by a simulation example, where a comparison of the performances obtained with the proposed tuning rule and with other common tuning rules is shown.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.1953-1958
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• 2007

This paper presents the results of a series of performance tests for the integral Stirling cryocooler. Infrared sensor systems incorporating cryocoolers are required to be qualified to the appropriate environmental specification. Integral Stirling cryocooler for thermal imaging system have matured to the stage of undergoing formal qualification test program. The thermal environmental test of the Stirling cryocooler is presented in this paper. We performed that low and high temperature keeping test from $-40^{\circ}C$ to $+71^{\circ}C$ and operating test at high and low temperature cyclic range with acceptance tests performed at scheduled intervals. Cooldown time to 80K and steady state input power at 80K were determined as a function of cooler components temperatures at the compressor, hot end and cold tip. Tests performed on this cooler have been successful with a measured cooldown time to 80K of less than 5 minutes 24seconds for $71^{\circ}C$ ambient temperature with input power of 11W

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.277-280
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• 2009

This paper deals with the performance evaluation of Barlat's and BBC yield criteria by the directional variation prediction of the yield stresses and the R-values. for the evaluation of yield criteria, three kinds of Aluminum alloys and two kinds of steels were selected and their material properties are from Stoughton and Yoon's work. The experimental data required for the parameter evaluation included the uniaxial yield stresses and R-values (width-to-thickness strain ratio in uniaxial tension) measured in rolling direction, diaganol direction and the transverse direction, the equibiaxial yield stress and the R-value of equibiaxial tension. The optimization method, the Downhill Simplex method, was selected for the coefficient identification of Barlat91, Barlat97 and Barlat2000 yield criteria. Yield surface shapes, yield stress and R-value directionalities of Barlat's and BBC yield criteria were investigated and compared with the experimental data. Barlat2000 and BBC yield criteria were extremely qualified for the shape of the yield surface and the directionality of the yield stresses and the R-values.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Pharmacy education and training is continuously evolving to meet the requirement from the society in the UK. Most pharmacy schools offer the Master of pharmacy degree which is a four year undergraduate programme followed by a year of pre-registration placement spanning a year supervised by a professional pharmacist who has at least 3 years' post-registration experience; however, some universities provide either a 5-year sandwich course where the pre-registration training is split up into two periods of 6 months or a 2-year OSPAP programme for those who are already qualified as a pharmacist outside of the UK. The GPhC has announced that the format of the registration assessment is set to change in 2016. The exam questions from 2016 will be more clinical, practical and based around a patient in a real-life scenario. This article addresses important aspects of UK pharmacy education such as university curriculum, training programme, and licence exam, therefore, could potentially offer a significant contribution to the debate about raising academic standards of pharmacy education in South Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.94-103
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• 2004

This article describes the current status of site-based environmental education (EE) in the Republic of Korea. Implications for site-based EE program development and operation are presented and recommendations for an improvement are provided. Questionnaires were mailed to 205 schools and organizations where site-based EE programs operated in 2002 with funding from the Korean Ministry of Environment. The questionnaire was designed and used to examine the scope, operation, and needs of site-based EE programs. The response rate was 27.3%. The results of the survey indicated that 'awareness', 'participation', and 'attitude' were addressed by the program goals and objectives more than 'knowledge' and 'skills'. The survey also indicated that activities in the programs were not variable and most were teacher/instructor-centered. Most of the programs reflected the 'connection with everyday life, direct experience and sensitivity'. There were some difficulties in motivating students and finding a good location and qualified instructional staff. Needs included well-designed program development and dissemination, professional development, increased funding support, and more effective program evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.73-97
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the value of school libraries and to find ways to realize the value after examining school libraries and teacher librarians in Korea. According to this study, school libraries can be useful resource to promote Koreans' social perception in all types of libraries and the LIS because school libraries are accessible to those who experience public education. As a major area of research and the field in the LIS, school libraries have strong possibilities to produce qualified librarians. The cooperation among librarians and legislative proceeding to staff full-time teacher librarians, and the expansion of school library researchers to activate field researches are needed in order to maximize the value.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2005

Ergonomic intervention techniques were adopted to assess and control potential risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in the automated light assembly manufacturing system. Ten different kinds of assembly workstations implemented with a conveyor system and twelve female workers were observed and evaluated with careful video film analysis. Several close examinations using sets of checklists established by qualified safety and health organizations, such as NIOSH, OSHA, and ANSI, were conducted and every workers and staffs in the site participated in the self-report questionnaires and off-line interviews. Typical risk factors and symptoms of the upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders were found and categorized into specific parts of body. To reduce risk factors of WMSDs and improve system productivity new revised workstation standards, physical dimensions, were suggested accordant with anthropometric characteristics of workers and a heuristic decision strategy of rotating shift work schedules according to work contents has proposed to mitigate cumulative physical stress. Finally, ergonomic programs of entire company to prevent WMSDs were structured.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.655-667
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• 2002

Purpose : This study analysis of nursing interventions and core nursing interventions performed orthopedic surgery care unit. Method : The data were collected from 55 nurses of 4 general hospital from July. 10, 2002 to Aug. 30, 2002. The instrument for this study was the Korean translation of 486 nursing intervention classifications developed by McColskey & Bulechek in 2000. In the 486 nursing interventions 350 nursing interventions were selected 8 among the 10 more than 5 years working group in orthopedic surgery care unit. Self frequency checking performed by 350 nursing interventions were used secondary questionnaire In the orthopedic surgery care unit nurses. Results : 1. The most frequently used nursing interventions domains were "Physiological : basic" and then "Physiological: complex", "Health system" "Behavior", "Family", "Safety". 2. Orthopedic surgery care unit core nursing interventions were performed several times a day by 50% or more of orthopedic surgery care unit and this result were 4 of domain, 11 of class, 26 core nursing interventions. This core nursing interventions were 5 of "Physiological : basic", 17 of "Physiological: complex", 1 of "Safety", 3 of "Health system" and have no "Behavior", "Family". Conclusion : This study analyzed nursing intervention of orthopedics and reestablished nursing intervention concept and I hope this study will be helpful for the nurse to be a professional by applying this to actual clinic, for development in qualified nursing and for establishment nursing information system.