• Landscaping Tree
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• s.125
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• pp.24-25
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• 2011

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.294-301
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• 2019

This study evaluated the antioxidant activity and the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extracted Pyracantha angustifolia (PE) or hot water extracted P. angustifolia (PW) using natural plant sources. In the DPPH and ABTS assay, the PE extracts showed the highest activity with an IC₅₀ of 3.78 ㎍/mL, IC₅₀ of 510.57 ㎍/mL, respectively. The total polyphenol content of PE extracts was 37.11±0.01 mgGAE/mL and PW extracts was 11.46±0.01 mgGAE/mL in a 1 mg/mL. The MTT assay showed no cytotoxicity at all concentration of two extracts in mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. In addition, PE extracts strongly inhibited the production of NO, TNF-α cytokine secretion, and iNOS/TNF-α mRNA expression stimulated by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that P. angustifolia, especially the ethanol extracts (PE), can be used as a cosmetic material containing natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1286-1291
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• 2017

In this study, Pyracantha angustifolia (Franch.) C. K. Schneid was extracted with 70% methanol at room temperature for 48 hrs and concentrated under reduced pressure to measure its total polyphenol contents; furthermore, the effect of electron donating ability was examined. Methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and methanol were used to fractionate the extract to testify total polyphenol contents, electron donating abilities, the removal abilities of superoxide radical as well as hydrogen peroxide. The total polyphenol contents were $2007.30{\pm}109.28{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in 70% methanol extract, $273.39{\pm}10.19{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methylene chloride fraction, $80.57{\pm}0.64{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in ethyl acetate fraction, and $1,160.87{\pm}44.71{\mu}g\;GAE/mL$ in methanol fraction. The total polyphenol contents showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the solvents. The electron donating ability was $79.07{\pm}7.31%$ for 70% methanol extract, $22.34{\pm}0.64%$ for methylene chloride fraction, $5.33{\pm}0.28%$ for ethyl acetate fraction, and $32.26{\pm}1.10%$ for methanol fraction. The electron donating abilities were significantly different(p<0.05) between the solvents. The removal ability of superoxide radical was $0.018{\pm}0.003$ for 70% methanol extract, $0.007{\pm}0.002$ for methylene chloride fraction, $0.0147{\pm}0.003$ for ethyl acetate fraction, and nothing for methanol fraction. The measurement of hydrogen peroxide decomposition was $0.022{\pm}0.0046$ for 70% methanol extract, $0.0027{\pm}0.0015$ for methylene chloride fraction, $0.0037{\pm}0.0012$ for ethyl acetate fraction, and $0.0009{\pm}0.0001$ for methanol fraction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.123-129
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to test performances of 14 types of root barrier materials by applying testing plant: and soils suitable for weather and natural features of Korea. For testing Plants, Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A and Pyracantha angustifolia have been selected. For testing soil, mixture of pearlite and peat moss in 3:1 ratio Testing container has been fabricated with duplicated structure having inner and outer containers. And the outer container has 2 hinges on its side wall to allow opening and closing. Wet rock wool with 50mm in thickness has been inserted between inner and outer containers to allow root to penetrate through root barrier material and continue to grow. We planted 12 Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A. and 4 Pyracantha angustifolia per one testing container. Three testing samples have been made for 1 type of root barrier material, which become a total 42 specimens. Planted testing samples have been installed within the greenhouse, which will be observed regularly for 2 years from now on. We started test from July 11, 2008 and had performed intermediate observations every month for initial 3 months. From the 3rd intermediate observation on Sept. 18, we confirmed that 6 types of roe barrier materials have penetrated roots. Even though two types of them have been generally used as root barrier materials for roof planting system, all of three testing samples have a lot of penetrated roots. This result proves that it is not reasonable to introduce testing methods of root barrier from Europe. USA or Japan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.245-249
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to test performances of 14 types of root barrier materials by applying testing plants and soils suitable for weather and natural features of Korea. For testing plants, Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A. and Pyracantha angustifolia have been selected. For testing soil, mixture of pearlite and peat moss in 3:1 ratio(volume). Testing container has been fabricated with duplicated structure having inner and outer containers. And the outer container has 2 hinges on its side wall to allow opening and closing. Wet rock wool with 50mm in thickness has been inserted between inner and outer containers to allow root to penetrate through root barrier material and continue to grow. We planted 12 Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A. and 4 Pyracantha angustifolia per one testing container. Three testing samples have been made for 1 type of root barrier material, which become a total 42 specimens. Planted testing samples have been installed within the greenhouse, which will be observed regularly for 2 years from now on. We started test from July 11, 2008 and had performed intermediate observations every month for initial 3 months. From the 3rd intermediate observation on Sept. 18, we confirmed that 6 types of root barrier materials have penetrated roots. Even though two types of them(EDPM Sheet, Polyethylene Sheet) have been generally used as root barrier materials for roof planting system, all of three testing samples have a lot of penetrated roots. This result proves that it is not reasonable to introduce testing methods of root barrier from Europe or Japan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.118-125
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• 2011

This study was conducted to check danger of the cold injury by reviewing the lowest temperature by regions and the cold tolerance of Lagerstroemia indica and Pyracantha angustifolia. The cold tolerance of the samples treated at low temperature was evaluated by measuring electrical conductivity and observing browning of the cambium. It was proved that the lethal temperature of L. indica is below $-17.1^{\circ}C$, and that of P. angustifolia is below $-18.9^{\circ}C$. The frequency of the lowest temperature went down below $-17.1^{\circ}C$, was 7 times in Daejeon, 55 times in Cheongju and 72 times in Suwon for the last 45 years. In Daejeon, it has happened only once since 1975. The temperature dropped below $-18.9^{\circ}C$ 45 times in Cheongju and 32 times in Suwon during the same period, but it has not happened at all since 1991. It appears that the rising coefficient of the lowest temperature increases, as the latitude gets higher. As a result, L. indica and P. angustifolia which were planted in the central region of Korea, are considered in danger from freezing injury because the temperature can get very low intermittently in winter. But, the risk of freezing has reduced gradually as the lowest temperature raises each year.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.156-165
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• 1997

Host plants and host preference of brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were investigated in fields and laboratory. 66 kinds of plants in 25 fanlilies were recorded as host during the field survey and 14 kinds in 5 families were verified to be eaten by artificial plant supply. Thus, host plants of A. tertuimaculatus were 186 kinds in 42 families in total including 136 kinds of plants in 32 families from literatures. 50 plants in 19 families were newly recorded as host of A. tenuimaculatus in this study. A. tenuimaculatus was the most frequently visited to J14glans sinensis and Caztanea crenata was the highest damaged plant. C. crenata, Robinia pseudoacasia, Malus sieboldii, J. sinensis, Quercus mongolica, and Q. aliena were considerably highly preferered host plant. However, A. tenuimaculatus never visited to Diospyros lotus, J. nigra, Fraxinus mandshurica, F. rhynchophylla, Pyracantha angustqolia, Paulownia coreana, and Celtis sinensis. Even the same host plant of A. tenuimaculatus. preference was different according to observed place and damage level was also different depending on observed place and time.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.507-519
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study analyzed the growth characteristics, in relation to the soil moisture content, of trees planted in an environment with limited soil depth to provide the baseline data for effective irrigation management. Methods: The experimental treatment was divided into soil moisture contents (SMC) of 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, and 1%, and the respective watering times were set accordingly. As for plant materials, Nandina domestica, Euonymus alatus, Thuja occidentalis, Hibiscus syriacus, Pinus densiflora, and Pyracantha angustifolia, were chosen for this study, because they are highly likely to be used in urban street environments. Results: The minimum irrigation point suitable for each species was determined by considering various aspects of visual quality and water efficiency in terms of plant growth, including characteristics such as height, root diameter, rootlet development, and weight. Our results indicate that N. domestica should be watered so that the moisture content of the soil is of at least 5%, based on the balance between the stem and roots, as well as on visual quality. E. alatus and P. angustifolia are suitable for watering that results in at least 10% SMC, considering the height, root growth, weight, and visual quality of plants. As for T. occidentalis, it showcases moderate growth with a soil moisture content of at least 5%. Finally, the minimum irrigation time required to obtain 15% SMC is appropriate, in terms of plant growth, fresh weight, and visual quality, for H. syriacus and P. densiflora. Conclusion: This study suggested a basic irrigation guideline for container gardens where trees planted in environments with limited soil depth can be managed so that they are visually appropriate and in good condition of growth.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.251-255
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• 2020

In 2019, the ash whitefly, Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835), was firstly found on a pear tree in Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. From occurrence survey, we confirmed that S. phillyreae was occurred in seven cities, Busan, Changwon, Jinju, Gwangyang, Suncheon, Goheung, and Goseong. In addition, seven plants, such as Punica granatum, Pyrus pyrifolia, Cydonia oblonga, Prunus mume, Crataegus pinnatifida, Eriobotrya japonica, Photinia glabra, Pyracantha angustifolia, Lagerstroemia indica, and Malus prunifolia, were detected as hostplants. In this study, we present the first report of this species in Korea and describe the damage caused by S. phillyrease and its taxonomic information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.41-55
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• 2011

This study was carried out to survey and analyze the transition of landscape plants on an apartment complexes in the 1990's and 2000's. The results are summarized as follows; The ratio of landscape area was increased from 30.0% to 34.7%. The number of trees per 100 square meter decreased from 22.5 to 15.7. The number of shrub per 10 square meter increased from 19.3 to 38.7. Species of Evergreen tree were increased 21 to 39. The species that a lot of use continuously were Pinus densiflora, Pinus strobus and Taxus cuspidata. The species that increase use were Abies holophylla and Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Pinus parviflora, Juniperus chinensis, Pinus koraiensis and Thuja orientalis. The species that do not use were Cedrus deodara. Species of deciduous tree were increased 42 to 68. The species that a lot of use continuously were Zelkova serrata, Acer palmatum, Diospyros kaki, Prunus armeniaca and Prunus yedoensis. The species that increase use were Lagerstroemia indica, Chionanthus retusa, Cornus officinalis, Styrax japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, Prunus mume, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Acer triflorum, Prunus sargentii, Chaenomeles sinensis and Cornus kousa. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Acer buergerianum, Sophora japonica, Malus spp., Ginkgo biloba, Zizyphus jujuba var. inermis, Platanus orientalis and Albizzia julibrissin. The species that do not use were Liriodendron tulipifera, Acer saccharinum, Ailanthus altissima and Paulownia coreana. Species of shrub were incresed 39 to 65. The species that a lot of use continuously were Buxus koreana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii for. albiflorum, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, Syringa dilatata and Euonymus japonica. The species that increase use were Rhododendron indicum, Ilex serrata, Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora, Taxus cuspidata var. nana, Kerria japonica, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, Euonymus alatus, Sorbaria sorbifolia var. stellipila, Nandina domestica, Cornus alba, Hydrangea serrata for. acuminata, Prunus tomentosa, Deutzia parviflora and Pyracantha angustifolia. The species that decrease use exceedingly, were Hibiscus syriacus, Rosa multiflora var. platyphylla, Chaenomeles lagenaria and Rosa spp. The species that do not use were Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii, Jasminum nudiflorum and Sasa borealis.