• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.86-95
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• 2007

This paper presents the optimal design of an exhaust system of a vacuum-compatible air bearing using a genetic algorithm. To use the air bearings in vacuum conditions, the differential exhaust method is adopted to minimize the air leakage, which prevents air from leaking into a vacuum chamber by recovering air through several successive seal stages in advance. Therefore, the design of the differential exhaust system is very important because several design parameters such as the number of seals, diameter and length of an exhaust tube, pumping speed and ultimate pressure of a vacuum pump, seal length and gap(bearing clearance) influence on the air leakage, that is, chamber's degree of vacuum. In this paper, we used a genetic algorithm to optimize the design parameters of the exhaust system of a vacuum-compatible air bearing under the several constraint conditions. The results indicate that chamber's degree of vacuum after optimization improved dramatically compared to the initial design, and that the distribution of the spatial design parameters, such as exhaust tube diameter and seal length, was well achieved, and that technical limit of the pumping speed was well determined.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 1985

The study of unsteady gas exchange processes in the inlet and exhaust systems of the single-cylinder 4-stroke cycle spark ignition engine is presented in this paper. The generalized method of characteristics including friction, heat transfer, change of flow area and entropy gradients was used for solving the equations defining the gas exchange process. The path line calculation was also conducted to allow for calculation of the gas composition and entropy change along the path lines, and of the variable specific heat due to the change of temperature and composition. As the result of the simulation, the properties at each point in the inlet and exhaust pipe, pressure and temperature in the cylinder, and charging efficiency were obtained. Pumping loss and residual gas fraction were also computed. The effect of engine speed, exhaust and inlet pipe length on the pumping loss and charging efficiency were studied showing that the results were in agreement with what has been known from experiments.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2725-2730
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• 2007

Turbo-type molecular drag pumps ( MDPs ) are used in the liquid crystal display ( LCD ), semiconductor and other thin film industries. Siegbahn ( disk-type ) molecular drag pumps are used as high-pressure stages in the hybrid-type turbomolecular pumps, where they can operate in the viscous, the transition and the free molecular flow regime. In this study is performed to investigate the pumping characteristics of three-stage disk-type molecular drag pump ( DTDP ) in the molecular transition flow region. The experiments are measured using five vacuum pressure gauges in the positions for rotors of DTDP. The test is performed with nitrogen gas ( $N_2$ ).

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2015

Many welding processes are performed to construct cryogenic system. Leak-tight for the cryogenic system is required at low temperature environment. Helium leak detection techniques are commonly used to find leak for the cryogenic system. The helium leak detection techniques for spraying, sniffing and pressurizing techniques are introduced. High vacuum is also necessary to use helium leak detector. So, types of fluid flow, effective temperature, conductance and pumping speed are introduced for vacuum pumping. Leak test procedure is shown for pipe welding, cryomodule and low temperature test. Cryogenic seals which include copper gasket, helicoflex gasket and indium are investigated.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.187-189
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• 1996

In this paper, we have studied several operating characteristics through the analysis of system. First, we have constituted the equivalent circuit to analyze the operating characteristics of rotating type of superconducting power supply and have induced the optimal design parameter. The computer simulation have showed that the pumping current is in proportion to the area of the pole and rotor speed, and is inverse proportion to the magnitude of load. Therefore, to acquire maximum pumping current we must design the power supply system with maximum area of the pole and minimum inductance of the load.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.6 no.1 s.18
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• pp.14-22
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• 2003

In this paper the leakage prediction md rotordynamic analysis of an annular seal with a smooth rotor and spiral-grooved stator is performed. For the development of a theoretical model, the three-control-volume analysis of the circumferentially-grooved seal is expanded by considering pressure reduction due to the pumping effect of spiral groove and pressurized flow through the spiral groove. Validation on the present analysis is achieved by comparisons with available experimental data. For the leakage prediction the present analysis generally shows a reasonable agreement with experimental results. Rotordynamic coefficients for rotor speed with spiral angles show same trend, but the magnitudes of rotordynamic coefficients yield differences between analysis and experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.799-804
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• 2002

In this paper the leakage prediction and rotordynamic analysis of an annular seal with a smooth rotor and spiral-grooved stator are performed. For developing a theoretical model, the three-control-volume analysis of the circumferentially-grooved seal is expanded by considering pressure reduction due to the pumping effect of spiral groove and pressure flow through the spiral groove. Results by the present analysis are compared with available experimental data. For leakage the analysis results generally show a reasonable agreement to the experimental results. For rotordynamic coefficients the analysis results show the same trend as the experimental results for rotor speed with spiral angles, but their magnitudes show somewhat large deviations.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1765-1770
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• 2003

This paper describes a study of the spin-up of a free-surface fluid in a rectangular container in which an internal cylindrical obstacle is mounted. Experiments and numerical analysis have been carried out for a variety of obstacle position. Increase in the speed of background rotation and near wall position of cylindrical obstacle results in the complex flow structures. Numerical and experimental results agree well with each other and the Ekman-pumping model is also applied to this flow.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.628-634
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• 2003

We present numerical and experimental results of periodic flows inside a rectangular container under a background rotation. The periodic flows are generated by changing the speed of rotation periodically so that a time-periodic body forces produce the unsteady flows. In numerical computation, a parallel-computation technique with MPI is implemented. Flow visualization and PIV measurement are also performed to obtain velocity fields at the free surface. Through a series of numerical and experimental works, we aim to clarify, if any, the fundamental reasons \ulcornerf discrepancy between the two-dimensional computation and the experimental measurement, which was detected in the previous study for the same flow model. Specifically, we check if the various assumptions prerequisite for the validity of the classical Ekman pumping law are satisfied for periodic flows under a background rotation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.251-252
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• 2006

This study developed the virtual operation system for the hydraulic pump system for marine usage. The scope of this study is to develop a process dynamic simulation model for the hydraulic pump system for marine usage, to investigate the process dynamic characteristics using the models, to accomplish the logic diagram for the PLC control and to achieve a human-machine interface (HMI) for the convenience of operators to monitor and control the process. The virtual operation system provides a virtual operation environment for the pumping system, enabling the operators to simulate the change of process variables. The system will assist in developing advanced control logics and then optimal design of the system.