• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권5호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

Background: To evaluate chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia without co-infection. Methods: Among 56 patients diagnosed with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia, chest CT was obtained in 22 between October 2009 and Februrary 2010. Since two patients were co-infected with bacteria, the other twenty were evaluated. Predominant parenchymal patterns were categorized into consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), and mixed patterns. Distribution of parenchymal abnormalities was assessed. Results: Median age was 46.5 years. The CURB-65 score, which is the scoring system for severity of community acquired pneumonia, had a median of 1. Median duration of symptoms was 3 days. All had abnormal chest x-ray findings. The median number of days after the hospital visit that Chest CT was performed was 1. The reasons for chest CT performance were radiographic findings unusual for pneumonia (n=13) and unexplained dyspnea (n=7). GGO was the most predominant pattern on CT (n=13, 65.0%). Parenchymal abnormalities were observed in both lungs in 13 cases and were more extensive in the lower lung zone than the upper. Central and peripheral distributions were identified in ten and nine cases, respectively. One showed diffuse distribution. Peribronchial wall thickening was found in 16 cases. Centrilobular branching nodules (n=7), interlobular septal thickening (n=4), atelectasis (n=1), pleural effusion (n=5), enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (n=6 and n=7) were also noted. Conclusion: Patchy and bilateral GGO along bronchi with predominant involvement of lower lungs are the most common chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권4호
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• pp.368-376
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• 2017

Background: A ground-glass nodule (GGN) represents early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. However, there is still no consensus for preoperative staging of GGNs. Therefore, we evaluated the need for the routine use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during staging. Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken in 72 patients with 74 GGNs of less than 3 cm in diameter, which were confirmed via surgery as malignancy, at the Samsung Medical Center between May 2010 and December 2011. Results: The median age of the patients was 59 years. The median GGN diameter was 18 mm. Pure and part-solid GGNs were identified in 35 (47.3%) and 39 (52.7%) cases, respectively. No mediastinal or distant metastasis was observed in these patients. In preoperative staging, all of the 74 GGNs were categorized as stage IA via chest CT scans. Additional PET/CT scans and brain MRIs classified 71 GGNs as stage IA, one as stage IIIA, and two as stage IV. However, surgery and additional diagnostic work-ups for abnormal findings from PET/CT scans classified 70 GGNs as stage IA, three as stage IB, and one as stage IIA. The chest CT scans did not differ from the combined modality of PET/CT scans and brain MRIs for the determination of the overall stage (94.6% vs. 90.5%; kappa value, 0.712). Conclusion: PET/CT scans in combination with brain MRIs have no additional benefit for the staging of patients with GGN lung adenocarcinoma before surgery.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2001

Objective: Bronchogenic carcinoma can mimic or be masked by pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and the aim of this study was to describe the radiologic findings and clinical significance of bronchogenic carcinoma and pulmonary TB which coexist in the same lobe. Materials and Methods: The findings of 51 patients (48 males and three females, aged 48-79 years) in whom pulmonary TB and bronchogenic carcinoma coexisted in the same lobe were analyzed. The morphologic characteristics of a tumor, such as its diameter and margin, the presence of calcification or cavitation, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, as seen at CT, were retrospectively assessed, and the clinical stage of the lung cancer was also determined. Using the serial chest radiographs available for 21 patients, the possible causes of delay in the diagnosis of lung cancer were analyzed. Results: Lung cancers with coexisting pulmonary TB were located predominantly in the upper lobes (82.4%). The mean diameter of the mass was 5.3 cm, and most tumors (n=42, 82.4%) had a lobulated border. Calcification within the tumor was seen in 20 patients (39.2%), and cavitation in five (9.8%). Forty-two (82.4%) had mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and more than half the tumors (60.8%) were at an advanced stage [IIIB (n=11) or IV (n=20)]. The average delay in diagnosing lung cancer was 11.7 (range, 1-24) months, and the causes of this were failure to observe new nodules masked by coexisting stable TB lesions (n=8), misinterpretation of new lesions as aggravation of TB (n=5), misinterpretation of lung cancer as tuberculoma at initial radiography (n=4), masking of the nodule by an active TB lesion (n=3), and subtleness of the lesion (n=1). Conclusion: Most cancers concurrent with TB are large, lobulated masses with mediastinal lymphadenopathy, indicating that the morphologic characteristics of lung cancer with coexisting pulmonary TB are similar to those of lung cancer without TB. The diagnosis of lung cancer is delayed mainly because of masking by a tuberculous lesion, and this suggests that in patients in whom a predominant or growing nodule is present and who show little improvement of symptoms despite antituberculous or other medical therapy, coexisting cancer should be suspected.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권11호
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• pp.789-792
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• 2007

양성 전이성 평활근종은 조직학적으로는 양성이나 임상적으로 폐나 다른 장기로 원격전이를 하는 매우 드문 질환이다. 저자들은 10년 전 자궁평활근종 절제술을 시행한 환자의 폐에서 발견된 다발성 결절 일부를 흉강경 수술하에 절제하여 조직학적 및 면역염색검사로 양성 전이성 평활근종임을 진단할 수 있었다. 환자는 수술 후 종양의 크기 변화 및 특이 증상이 없으며 특별한 치료 없이 외래 추적관찰 중이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.102-104
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• 2004

염증성 근섬유 아세포종은 주로 어린이와 젊은 성인에서 발생하는 고형 종양으로, 고립성 폐 결절의 약 0.7%를 차지한다. 1937년 처음으로 폐에서 발생한 예가 보고된 이후 장간막(mesentery)이나 심장 식도 부위(cardioesophageal region)에 발생한 것들이 보고되고 있다. 이것은 조직학적으로는 양성이지만 국소 침습성과 재발성 때문에 악성을 완전히 배제하기 어렵다. 최근 본 병원에서 좌측 폐에 발생한 염증성 근섬유 아세포종을 수술적 절제후 재발 소견 없이 추적 관찰 중이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2004

연구배경 : 기관지 확장증(BE)이 NTM 폐질환의 선행 요건임은 잘 알려져 왔으나 최근 결절이 동반된 BE의 경우 NTM 폐질환의 결과일 가능성이 제시되어 흉부 CT상 BE 소견이 있는 환자들을 대상으로 NTM폐질환의 유병률을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 1년간 서울아산병원에서 흉부 CT를 시행하여 BE소견이 있는 1244명 중 항산균검사를 1회 이상 시행한 866명을 대상으로 하였고(BE군), BE소견이 없고 객담항산균 검사를 1회 이상 시행한 292명을 대조군으로 하였다. BE군은 흉부 CT소견상 주로 우중엽, 설상엽 및 하엽에 양측성으로 분포하는 BE군(1군), 상엽의 공동 및 석회화 등 전통적으로 폐결핵 치료후의 병변으로 알려진 소견을 동반한 BE군(2군), 기타 BE군(3군)으로 구분하였고, 1군은 다발성 소결절 동반 유무에 따라 1-결절군 및 1-비결절군으로 구분하였다. 각 군에서 객담 항산균 도말, 배양, 및 동정결과와 임상상 및 방사선학적 소견을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1-결절군은 다른 모든 군과 비교하여 유의하게 NTM 동정률이 높았다(24.2%, p<0.05). ATS 기준에 따른 NTM 폐질환 예도 1-결절군(5/62, 8.1%)에서 대조군, 2군, 3군에 비하여 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 균주 별로는 MAC이 11예(55%), M. abscessus 5예(25%)로 가장 많았다. 결 론 : 주로 우중엽, 좌 설상엽 및 하엽의 양측성의 BE와 동반된 소결절들의 소견은 NTM 폐 감염의 가능성을 시사하는 소견이다. 그러나 이러한 소견을 가진 많은 환자에서는 NTM이 동정 되지 않아 이들이 임상 전단계 (subclinical stage)의 NTM증인지 아니면 별개의 다른 질환군 인지 확인되지 않았다. 추후 장기간의 추적관찰 및 조직검사를 통한 규명이 필요하리라 사료된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.318-323
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• 2008

본 증례는 2년간 크기의 변화가 없다가 천천히 자라는 고립성 폐결절을 경피부 흉강 세침생검을 시행하여 분화도가 좋은 원발성 폐선암을 진단하였고, 근위 림프절 절제를 포함한 좌상엽절제술을 시행하였다. 저자들은 비록 폐결절 크기의 배가시간이 느리며, 알려진 악성의 위험인자가 거의 없어 양성의 가능성이 높은 폐결절이라 하더라도, 조기에 조직검사 를 포함한 적극적인 검사와 치료가 필요하며, 조직검사가 어려울 경우 크기 변화를 예측하기 위해서는 흉부전산화단층촬영으로 추적관찰 하는 것이 필요 하다고 사료되어 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권5호
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• pp.436-444
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• 2009

Background: Micro computed tomography (CT) is rapidly developing as an imaging tool, especially for mice, which have become the experimental animal of choice for many pulmonary disease studies. We evaluated the usefulness of micro CT for evaluating lung fibrosis in the murine model of bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Methods: The control mice (n=10) were treated with saline. The murine model of lung fibrosis (n=60) was established by administering bleomycin intra-tracheally. Among the 70 mice, only 20 mice had successful imaging analyses. We analyzed the micro CT and pathological findings and examined the correlation between imaging scoring in micro CT and histological scoring of pulmonary inflammation or fibrosis. Results: The control group showed normal findings on micro CT. The abnormal findings on micro CT performed at 3 weeks after the administration of bleomycin were ground-glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation. At 6 weeks after bleomycin administration, micro CT showed various patterns such as GGO, consolidation, bronchiectasis, small nodules, and reticular opacity. GGO (r=0.84) and consolidation (r=0.69) on micro CT were significantly correlated with histological scoring that reflected pulmonary inflammation (p<0.05). In addition, bronchiectasis (r=0.63) and reticular opacity (r=0.83) on micro CT shown at 6 weeks after bleomycin administration correlated with histological scoring that reflected lung fibrosis (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that micro CT findings from a murine model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis reflect pathologic findings, and micro CT may be useful for predicting bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권6호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2013

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disorder of unknown cause that is characterized pathologically by noncaseating granulomas. Diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other infectious, interstitial, and neoplastic diseases and on the typical pathology. Although the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes are almost involved, endobronchial nodular lesions of sarcoidosis with lung involvements are rare. We report a case of sarcoidosis with lung involvements and endobronchial nodules as confirmed by bronchial biopsy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.85-87
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• 2001

A 3-year-old female jaguar (Panthera onca onca) died after having 1 day history of respiratory failure. At necropsy, the pericardial sac contained large amounts of cloudy fluid enriched with fibrin. Numerous yellowish nodules, which are variable in size and often confluent, are randomly scattered throughout the myocardium. Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from the pericardial sac and myocardium. In the lung, severe pulmonary congestion, edema and vasculities with intralesional presence of heartworm were found. Therefore the cause of death in this jaguar is believed to be due to respiratory failure following concurrent heartworm infection and bacterial pericarditis and myocarditis.