• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of stress and oral parafunctional habits on temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) in college students. Methods: An online survey comprising 354 questionnaires was conducted from May 23, 2020, to June 21, 2020. The collected data were analyzed using Student's t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation tests, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The stress symptom score was higher in females than in males. The symptoms of physical stress were significantly higher among students from the Department of Public Health, whereas those of psychological stress were higher among students from the Department of Physical Education. Both TMDs and oral parafunctional habits were higher among females, students of the Departments of Arts and Physical Education, and seniors. The higher the stress symptom level, the higher the scores for TMD and oral parafunctional habits. TMD and oral parafunctional habits were found to be most affected by physical stress. Conclusion: These findings indicate that a reduction in physical stress is required to decrease the prevalence of oral parafunctional habits and TMDs among college students. This can be achieved by the incorporation of physical activity programs, which may aid in reducing the symptoms of physical stress.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2019

The Dr. LEE Jong-wook-Seoul Project (DLSP) in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) is a long-term development cooperation initiative aimed at upgrading the medical education capacity at the University of Health Sciences (UHS) in the Lao PDR. Under the project, eight faculty members from UHS were trained at the Seoul National University College of Medicine for a 12-month period during 2010-2011. Using a training-of-trainers model, we estimated the effect of DLSP on the learning outcomes of students, which was measured using the standard test scores of the students. The questionnaire developed by the Medical Education Assessment Consortium in Korea was given to the students and both the percent-correct and standardized scores were examined. The evaluation strategy was to compare the learning outcomes of the students taught by the trainees with those that were not and to compare the medical topics taught by the trainees with other topics. It was found that the first group of trainees in the DLSP was associated with an increase of 1.5 in the percent-correct test scores for basic medicine. While the interpretation requires caution, it is consistent with the view that a training program for faculty members could be effective in improving the teaching capacity of medical schools in developing countries.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.211-232
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• 2022

Due to the impact of the public health event COVID-19 epidemic, the Chinese futures market showed "Black Swan". This has brought the unpredictable into the economic environment with many commodities falling by the daily limit, while gold performed well and closed in the sunshine(Yan-Li and Rui Qian-Wang, 2020). Volatility is integral part of financial market. As an emerging market and a special precious metal, it is important to forecast return of gold futures price. This study selected data of the SHFE gold futures returns and conducted an empirical analysis based on the generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH)-type model. Comparing the statistics of AIC, SC and H-QC, ARMA (12,9) model was selected as the best model. But serial correlation in the squared returns suggests conditional heteroskedasticity. Next part we established the autoregressive moving average ARMA-GARCH-type model to analysis whether Volatility Clustering and the leverage effect exist in the Chinese gold futures market. we consider three different distributions of innovation to explain fat-tailed features of financial returns. Additionally, the error degree and prediction results of different models were evaluated in terms of mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Theil inequality coefficient(TIC) and root mean-squared error (RMSE). The results show that the ARMA(12,9)-TGARCH(2,2) model under Student's t-distribution outperforms other models when predicting the Chinese gold futures return series.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to analyze the factors that were associated to the approval for the community water fluoridation program. The subjects of this study were 751 mothers of elementary school student from September 1 to 30, 2012. Data were analyzed with chi-square, and multiple logistic regression analysis SPSS 12.0. Respondents approving and opposing for the implementation of water fluoridation program were 50.3% and 10.4%. The most associated factors of approval for the community water fluoridation program was recognition of water fluoridation program (odds ratio [OR], 2.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14~7.76), which was followed by length of residence (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.39~4.47), and recognition of sealant (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.02~3.50) in the order. And the approval opinion had relationship with district of residence. It is recommend that construction of public service system on education and information in order to most peoples can confidence the necessity of community water fluoridation program.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8969-8974
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of health promoting lifestyle behaviour among medical students attending seven of the medical schools in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This crosssectional descriptive study was performed during the second semester of the first and last (sixth) years of study from March to May 2011. A questionnaire with two sections was specifically designed. The first section contained questions on demographic characteristics; the second consisted of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP) Scale. From a total of 2,309 medical students, 2,118 (response rate 91.7%) completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t, Anova, Tukey test and binary logistic regression analysis. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Erciyes University. Results: The mean age was $20.7{\pm}2.9$ years and it was found that 55.1% were men, 62.3% were in the first year. The overall prevalence of smoking was 19.1%, and for drinking alcohol was 19.4%. HPLP point averages of the first year students were $129.2{\pm}17.7$, and for last year $125.5{\pm}19.0$. The overall mean score for the HPLP II was $2.5{\pm}0.4$. They scored highest on the spiritual growth subscale ($2.9{\pm}0.5$), interpersonal relations ($2.8{\pm}0.5$), health responsibility subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.5$), nutrition subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.5$), stress management subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.4$), and the lowest subscale physical activity ($2.0{\pm}0.5$). It is established that student's grade, educational level of parents, economic status of family, marital status, smoking and general health perception of the students resulted in a significant difference in HPLP Scale total score average and the mean score of majority of subscales. There was no statistically significant difference between the total HPLP when evaluated for gender, chronic disease, alcohol drinking status and BMI. Conclusions: Based on these results, particularly in the curriculum of medical students in order to increase positive health behaviours including physical activity, health promotion issues, and giving more space to aim at behaviour change in these matters is recommended.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction of Korean medicine doctors (KMD) who conducted Korean medicine school doctor program (KMSD). We are going to use study as a foundation for activation KMSD program. Methods : Seoul Korean medicine association and Seoul metropolitan office of education conducted KMSD program for 22 schools in 2017. The program included health lessons, health counseling, and health care programs. After program finished, we carried out self-administered questionnaire survey to KMD who participated in KMSD program and we analysed it. Results : A total of 45 people answered the questionnaire, and 56% of respondents answered as 'Good progress' and 44% answered as 'Bad progress'. The reason for good progress was 'Good cooperation of School' (47.4%). 'Personalized program for participant' (23.68%), 'Support of Seoul Korean Medicine Association' (21.1%). The reason for 'Bad progress' was 'Bad cooperation of School' (37.8%), 'Lack of personal circumstances' (32.4%), 'Lack of motivation' (16.2%). The advantage of KMSD program included 'It is helpful for positive perception of the Korean medicine' and 'Korean medicine can contribute to improving public health, which is the health of schools' was 25%, 'It is helpful in expanding the services of Korean medicines to children and adolescents' was 17.6%, 'Highly satisfaction in participations' was 15.7%. The question of prerequisites for activation KMSD Program included 'Active cooperation of school' was 35.05%, 'Expand teaching materials and programs' was 20.62%, 'Support of Seoul Korean Medicine Association' was 15.46%. Conclusions : We will organize and activate programs of KMSD program and conduct program based on harmony of local community and school support, research of school health program. The program will contribute to improve student health and develop Korean health support program.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2001

The study was designed to provide the fundamental information for understanding discomfort of bone marrow donors and for promoting an individual comfort by comparing the difference on discomfort between unrelated donors and related donors. The subject of the study was fifty related donors and thirty unrelated donors who was in the C University Hospital. This survey had been carried out and collected from October, 1998 to March, 1999. The scale of discomfort of donors associated with bone marrow donation were assessed by the questionnaire deviced by Kim Sang Dol and amended by the researcher. Data was analyzed by $x^2-test$, t-test, two-way ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. The results were as follows. 1. Considering the general characteristics of bone marrow donors according to gender, male was consisted of $60\%$ and female was consisted of $40\%$. Of those related donors are consisted for $62.5\%$ and accounted for $37.5\%$ of those unrelated donors. Considering the classification to the job, employee of company were major donors which was $35\%$, and next order was student, individual businessman, and housewife. Considering the education level. college students were $48.7\%$ and students who have less than high school level were $42.5\%$. 2. According to the above the results regarding discomfort of bone marrow donation, it is especially shown that the major cause for discomfort of bone marrow donors is on physical factor. The concrete examples for physical factor are pain in the region of bone marrow harvest and pain in the injection part by fluid therapy and blood-sampling, an immovability of the body after bone marrow harvest, and difficulties on walking. Considering physiological factor, there are an uneasiness about leading to injure their health, vague fear about the hospital. and a tedium at hospital. Environmental factors for discomfort of bone marrow donors are insufficient explanation for needle gauge and procedure of bone marrow donation and difficulty on following medical schedule. Therefore. it is necessary to establish more effective and systematically organized program for nursing intervention based on the research results. An effective program is only useful in getting rid of discomfort of bone marrow donors.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high voltage pulsed current stimulation (HVPCS) on the healing rate of a dermal wound in a rat. We also determined the mechanism of promoting healing by HVPCS. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two group; HVPCS group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The HVPCS rats received electrical stimulation with a current intensity of 50 V at 100 pps for a duration of 30 minutes, while the control group was given the same treatment without electricity for a week. The biopsy specimens were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin and stained with Masson's trichrome, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The fibroblasts and collagen density were counted using a light microscope and computerized image analysis system and calculated as the density and the percent. A Student t-test showed a significantly higher wound healing rate of the HVPCS group than control (t=-4.161, p<0.001). The fibroblasts in the HVPCS group were higher than in the control group (t=-4.921, p<0.001). The density of collagen in the HVPCS group was also higher than in the control group (t=-4.367, p<0.001). These results indicate that the HVPCS accelerated the rate of healing in dermal wound, and increased fibroblasts and collagen density in the regenerative dermis. These findings suggest that the HVPCS may activate fibroblasts by alteration of the electrical environment, and it may increase collagen synthesis in the regenerative dermal wound.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.77-91
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of the student of oriental medical school on cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine and to provide basic information for the development of oriental medicine. In order to look at the level of recognition on cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine, from September 1st to 15th of 2005, this study had been conducted through personal interview and questionnaires to 600 students who were attending the Department of Oriental Medicine (in both prep and regular courses) in D University, located in the City of Daegu. The data has been analyzed using statistic program, the SPSS WIN 12.0. Statistical analysis tools used for this study were frequency analysis, cross-over analysis and the t-test. The results are as follows; The students of oriental medical school had relatively high level of recognition on the basic concept, interests, necessity and potential for cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine. However, they had negative understandings on the issue of unification of the two medical systems and it's possibility in the future. The students were optimistic about possible merits of cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine, especially in the field of rehabilitation. On the reasons for lack of development of cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine, the students listed prejudices existing on both sides firstly, followed by their contrasting approach on human illness, lack of legal and institutional support system, the indifferences of doctors and indifferences of oriental medical doctors. In addition, students understood that the dualism existing in our current medical system is aggravating mutual distrust between the two sides, causing the confusion of patients on the choice of medical facilities, and raising their medical bills. Therefore, in order to vitalize collaboration between Oriental and Western medicine in new health care environment, the following measures should be needed decreasing the prejudices between the two medical spheres with open mind improving educational programs in Western and Oriental medical schools; promoting joint academic research or exchange programs between the schools, and increasing government effort to minimize legal and institutional restrictions cooperative system between Oriental and Western medicine.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.148-153
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• 2007

Background : Computer- and web-based simulation methods help students develop problem solving and decision making skills. In addition, they provide reality based learning to the student clinical experience with immediate medical feedback as well as repetitive training, on-site reviews and case closure. Materials and Methods : Seventy-five third-year medical students participated in a two-week simulation program. The students selected four modules from eight modules as follows: airway and breathing 1, cardiac arrest 1, cardiac arrhythmia 1, and chest pain 1, and then selected the first case within each of the modules. After 2 weeks, a pass score was obtained and the data analyzed. The average pass score of over 70% was considered a passing grade for each module. If the student did not pass each module, there was no score (i.e., pass score was zero). In addition, when at least one of the four modules was zero, the student was not included in this study. Results : Seventy-five students participated in the simulation program. Nineteen students were excluded based on their performance. The final number of students studied was 56 students (74.7%). The average scores for each module 1 to 4 were 86.7%, 85.3%, 84.0%, and 84.0%, and the average obtained pass score was 88.6 for the four modules in all 56 students. Conclusion : Medical simulation enabled students to experience realistic patient situations as part of medical learning. However, it has not been incorporated into traditional educational methodology. Here we describe the introduction and the development of various simulation modules and technologies for medical education.