• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.109-117
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• 2012

The author analyzed and compared the relationship mechanism among measured variables effecting to posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic stress, psychological wellbeing, and depression in the case of 360 policemen and 360 firefighters working in Korean police stations and fire stations by the structural equation modeling. The results showed that firefighters' posttraumatic stress deteriorated psychological wellbeing and depression more than policemen's posttraumatic stress did. In conclusion, systematic prevention and management program for posttraumatic stress and mental health of public servants are needed.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.665-674
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• 2012

Objectives : This study purposed to identify factors related to dental service quality perceived by dental clinic patients, and for this purpose. Methods : The data conducted a questionnaire survey of 362 patients who had visited a dental clinic in Daejeon twice or more in August 2010 and aged over 20 during the period from the 1st to 31st of August 2010 and obtained results as follows. Results : The patients' general characteristics, perceived dental service quality was higher in older ones, married ones, high school or lower school graduates, civil servants, self-employed ones, and housewives, and the differences were statistically significant. according to the patients' dental clinic use characteristics, perceived dental service quality was higher when the stay in dental clinic was short, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions : Perceived dental service quality was related to the patients' general characteristics and dental clinic use characteristics. therefore, dentists and dental hygienists should make efforts to be more patient-oriented and to create pleasant dental care environment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-79
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• 1992

The present study investigated perception of social authority by children and adolescents removed from illegally built shacks 181 children and adolescents from illegally built shacks and 200 comparative respondants of middle socioeconomic status were investigated. Perception of the social authority figures was classified by 5 categories(self, family member, neighbor, teacher and peer. social authority, collective member) in terms of contactable possibility and psychological distance. The data were analyzed by Hest. The results showed that (1) compared with their middle class peers(M group) children and adolescents from illegally built shacks(S group) perceived social authority figures positively, while they perceived their own family members less favorably. (2) The S group regarded their teachers as more valuable and able than M group. (3) The S group perceived social authority figures, i. e., statemen. polices. national assembly members. public servants and enterprisers, less favorably than their family members. (4) There were main effects of the age and sex variables of respondants. (5) There was an interaction effects between the age. sex and SES variables and was also interation effect between age. sex and task variables in cognition for the social authority figures. There was also an interaction effect between age and SES variables in perception for the personal traits of the social authority figures.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.827-845
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• 2015

This study evaluates and suggests a new reform plan that overcomes the limitations of the Government Employees Pension Scheme (GEPS) reforms in 2015. Research results indicate that the reforms were insufficient in terms of financial sustainability, functional transparency, and equity. Debates on the GEPS reforms will continue until an equitable solution is found. The priority of the next reform plans should lie in the unification of public pension schemes. In contrast to previous reform proposals, this study suggests a reforms plan, which should result in not the parametric change but the structural change in GEPS. The distinctive point of the new reform plan lies in translating a single-tire into a multi-tire pension system. Accordingly, the new GEPS should consist of a 'National Pension Scheme (NPS)', occupational pension (additional pension), and retirement allowance. Newly appointed government employee officials should be enrolled in the NPS. This study stresses that inequality between the public pension systems will be alleviated and a pension system of social solidarity will be established when the NPS develops in to a basic old age income security system for all citizens including civil servants.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.339-360
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• 2016

This study is intended to analyze the actual condition of operating the full-text information disclosure system of government and Officials' Perceptions. According to the results of analysis, the public servant group's level of full-text information disclosure system was high. With regard to the positive and negative function of full-text information disclosure, an expectation for positive function was high in the aspect of assuring the transparency of administration. And public servants were worried about an increase in the burden of administrative duties. With regard to factors in hindering the development of full-text information disclosure, it was shown that the percentage of clients' abuse and misuse of full-text information was the highest. For the activation of full-text information disclosure system, it is necessary to prepare measures for preventing the abuse and misuse of full-text information.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2011

Between January 2010 and March 2011, there were three outbreaks of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in South Korea. Over 3.45 million animals (5,660 farms) were slaughtered, which was 33.3% of the existing pigs, 8.4% of dairy cows and 3.4% of cattle. FMD disaster costs were estimated at around three billion Korean won. Nine civil servants were killed, over 150 people were wounded and 4,788 landfills were confronted with a pollution problem. Vaccination and slaughter are the two basic alternatives for eradication of FMD. Altho ugh slaughter is more violent, risky and expensive than vaccination, the Korean government had chosen only slaughter eradication by the end of 2010. Even though over three million animals were killed, FMD spread out over most of the country. Finally, the government chose to begin vaccination. Following vaccination, outbreaks decreased dramatically. The purpose of this report is a cultural analysis of the related decision-making process, laws and systems. For the culture analysis, we utilize interviews, symposiums, laws, FMD manual, government reports and press releases. In conclusion, we found that the FMD massacre was influenced by cultural and organizational factors. The cultural factors were economism, cheapening of the value of life, biased perceptions and fears. The organizational factors were a closed process of decision-making, monopoly system, a small homogeneous group and group-think. Therefore, more studies will be needed for those factors of FMD disasters in national-scale cases.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.541-552
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• 2019

Recently, social welfare officers are suffering from a lot of job stress due to increasing work and are carrying out emotional labor. This study assessed the effect of emotional labor on the quality of welfare service through a questionnaire survey on 937 civil servants in Sejong city and Chungcheongnam-do provinces. First, social welfare officers experienced more than average level of emotional labor, and they performed more internal behavior than surface behavior. Second, the services provided by the social welfare officers were higher than usual, followed by tangibility, assurance, reliability, empathy, and responsiveness. Third, deeping acting had a positive (+) influence on service quality among the sub-factors of emotional labor. In other words, the quality of service increases as the emotional state itself changes, On the other hand, deeping acting did not affect service quality. In the future, policy responses to excessive work burden of social welfare officers should be needed and a manual for responding to emotional labor should be provided.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.216-234
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• 2024

Background: Hapcheon-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, is designated as an emergency medical vulnerable area, facing significant challenges in transporting and treating emergency patients. A detailed analysis of the regional emergency medical system is required to identify effective solutions. Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from the National Emergency Medical Information System and emergency activity logs with qualitative data from focus group interviews involving 24 stakeholders, including medical staff, paramedics, civil servants, and local residents. Results: Quantitative findings indicated an aging population in Hapcheon-gun, with a growing number of elderly emergency room users. Despite the utilization of local emergency medical institutions, a lack of trust and preference for urban hospitals led even patients with mild conditions to seek care at higher-level facilities. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, transport distances and times for patients using 119 emergency services increased. Qualitative analysis identified several issues: limited capacity of local institutions, challenges in patient transport due to misaligned emergency medical zones, an increase in severely ill patients, and the absence of a coordinated emergency medical consultative body. Recommendations include strengthening local institutions through government support, realignment of emergency zones, legal reforms, the establishment of a continuous consultative body, and enhancing the capacity of medical staff, paramedics, and residents. Conclusion: Improving the emergency medical system in Hapcheon-gun will require targeted efforts in institutional strengthening, legal and administrative support, and capacity-building initiatives.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.130-140
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to survey the trends of waste products in schools, its gathering and disposal, identification of problems and to analyze its disposal. Moreover, this study was aimed at basic suggestions about the establishment and plans of waste environmental education. 98 public primary and secondary schools were surveyed in Seoul during the month of March and April, 1991. Information was collected from each educational association by random sampling. Questionaries were used for this survey. To understand the disposal status of school waste and its reforms, this study surveyed the amount of waste by products, their origin and analyzed the disposal by type, one number of schools and teachers involved. The dump sited and disposal methods of school waste, its problems, and the status of school waste educations were researched, and ideal disposal methods and plans for waste education were suggested. The results were as follows. 1. The School's trash was produced by followings: paper, vinyle plastics, food, woods, metals, ceramics, glass, bottles, and ash from the heating system. The biggest cause of the school's waste as shown by the survey was a lack of environmental awareness(39.8%). The second biggest was the use of a one time use of disposable paper products(27.6%). 2. Waste collection by different grade levels were proven to be important but as you move from elementary to high school, the waste collecting operation decreased, in this connection between the students and waste collection itself it was significant on the other hand the teachers were not working as significant variables. 3. Of the school that collected waste 69.5 percent of the schools separately grouped common waste and recyclable waste. 25 schools(42.4%) received improvement on their environmental awareness of trash collection through this method. 4. From the number of disposal sites in surveyed schools, it was determined that the education of the necessity for separation of waste was performed in vain and accordingly the should require a real education in the future. 5. Regarding the method of disposal of waste the survey indicated that the #1 method of disposal was partial burning and the remains carried to a dump site by others(35,7%). In elementary schools the entire waste was taken by individuals to a dump site (33.3%). In high schools partial burning and then transported by individuals #1 in our survey(50%). 6. Relative to the problem of the treatment to waste, the emission of smoke from the burning was considered to be the #1 priority in our survey (62.3%) the problem of trash collection being delayed was 52.1%(1in our survey). 7. The present situation of environmental education of waste us lacking. Under present circumstances, the practice of public announcements for improvement and waste-paper collection has been going on vigorously but lacking in education as to the preparation of compositions for students the themes of public exhibitions, the organizing of voluntary associations should be part of the education system to reinforce student's awareness of proper waste disposal. 8. The most economical alternative for disposal was recycling usable waste or combustible material through a variety of education we can therefore educate students bring this education to their homes public servants will also be able to benefit in the waste disposal process with proper education. In conclusion we should intensify the systemical organization and the education of our waste disposal for a better environment.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.149-182
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• 2001

Due to the sustained increase in lifts expectancy, the number and proportion of the aged population has substantially increased, the proportion of the total population aged 65 and over was 7.1% in 2000 and 14.3% in 2022. But All public pension schemes in Korea, including the National Pension scheme, civil servants pension scheme, private school teachers pension scheme and the military pension scheme, are facing valving degree of financial problems at present because of their weak and unstable financial bases. with the result that some of them have recorded deficits for some time and the others are expected to run deficits in the near future. This crisis in financial sustainability in public pension schemes is attributable to the structural weakness of the schemes which can be characterized as high benefits, low contribution. Therefore, this article focuses on alternative of public pension schemes reform in Korea. The results is as follows. First, a basic pension is proposed to be newly established and the earnings related portion of National Pension Scheme will be as national pension. Secondly, the Basic Pension is a universal basic pension covering all nationals over 18 years and older, thereby achieving \"one pension for everybody\" Thirdly, National Pension will be operated as an earnings related pension covering only those participants with assessed income. Fourth1y, the current participants of public occupational pensions will also join the Basic Pension as well as the public occupational pensions whose scope of works will be reduced. And finally, The conversion of Retirement Allocation Scheme into a corporate pension should be left to the discretion of the company concerned.