• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.23-34
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• 2013

This study focuses on the review of the present condition of schools and regional public facilities and finds out the basic direction and practical task to utilize a mixed-use school as a regional community hub reorganizing schools and regional public facilities. School facilities have enough potential to be a center of everyday life and educational function with accessibility in neighborhood living environment. Nevertheless it has institutional limitation to make school facility work for entire region because schools and regional public facilities are built and administrated without collaboration of the local governments and office of education. Also current mixed-use school facilities are planned separately or laid out monotonously without local resident's demands. This research analyzes the possibility of mixed-use facility of current operating schools and regional public facilities in Gang-nam gu and categorizes possible public facilities for mixed-use. For successful complex plan of schools and public facilities, next step will be the improvement of administration and laws and the analysis of facilities what local residents need from the preliminary stage with consultation of various stakeholders.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristic of common space of public schools in New York City and how the common space can perform a decisive role in enriching public space not as simply connecting between programs but as common space for a wide range of uses for communities as well as students. This study illustrates with a general design guideline of SCA(School of Construction Authority) and how the rules help the common space as an interactive link between community and site/site and school building/building and outdoor space/outdoor space and lobby in the urban context. Since its founding in New York City, 1958, Mitchell/Giurgola Architects office has dedicated itself to working with institutions and public and private schools for 50 years and has been working with SCA for 10 public schools since 1990. Through five school examples by Mitchell Giurgola architects, the study describes how the office suggests public "place" interweaving inner public space and outer public space through lobbies. A result of this research can be proposed what improvements should be made on common space in domestic schools by analyzing of positive aspects of SCA schools.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.147-173
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• 2009

This research deals with Freinet School in France as a model of open public schools, with focus on the school's operating philosophy, operating contents and characteristics, the cases of educational practices and suggestions for Korea's public education reform. Freinet School has been operated based on the educational philosophy of the French education activist Célestin Freinet(1896-1966). This researcher approached the following four research subjects in order to examine what effects Freinet School can have on the change and reform of Korea's public schools. First: What are the educational effects that Freinet School has on the public educational system in France? Second: What are the operating principles of Freinet School and what are the characteristics of the school's viewpoints and roles towards its teachers and students? Third: What are the kinds of the educational activities and the status of utilization of time and space with regard to Freinet School's operating regulations and the cases of educational practices? Fourth: What suggestions can Freinet School provide for Korea's public educational reform? This researcher have conducted preceding and philological researches on Freinet School pedagogy and analyzed such data as moving images, interviews with teachers, and the books published by Freinet School Teachers' Association.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2000

From 1998, Oriental Medical Physicians(OMP) is distributed in Public Health Sector. but long term plan for Oriental Medicine in Public Health is not existed. So, this study is designed for the activation of OMP Subjects in this study were comprised 3 groups of oriental medicine related persons, the group of which are Students of 11 Oriental Medical Schools, Oriental Medical Physicians in Public Health Sector, Specialist Croup of Oriental medicine Policy(total 1,458 persons). Data were collected from July 1st to November 30, 1999. Direct interview with key persons, systematic interview by using of interview protocol, e-mail and facsimile have been conducted. The results of survey were coded by Excel 5.0, and analysed with SAS 6.12 statistical package. Inter-group difference determined by T-test, and descriptive statistics have been examined. Major findings can be epitomized as follows. 1) OMP disposition to multifarious organizations and institutes such as Public Health Centers, Public Health Sub-centers, Public Hospitals, Private Hospitals in Remote-Vulnerable Area, Community Social Welfare Centers, Institutes for Heath Policy Research, etc, will promise an effective use of Oriental Medical Physician. 2) Average number of patients treated by OMP was 22.8, average budget for oriental medical department, in which OMP were affiliated, was 39.6 million Won per year. Direct cost per every patient visit was 7,210.9 Won, which is considered expensive for public health service. Therefore, development and transformation for Oriental Medical Service in Public Health Sector is desirable in economic and political aspects. 3) It is recommended that ${\ulcorner}Advisory\;Committee{\lrcorner},{\ulcorner}Planning\;Commission\;for\; Public\;Health\;in\;Oriental\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$ should be established for the activation and for the support of Oriental Medical Physician in Public Health Sector, 4) Most effective programmes for oriental public health doctor are health service programmes for the elderly, Home health visit, chronic degenerative disease control services(p<0.001). 5) Standard guideline for facilities and equipments of Oriental Medicine Department in Public Health Center is needed for optimal supply of resources and activation of public health activity.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2008

Gyeonggi Province is trying to increase the number of public libraries from 100 as of December, 2006 to 150 in 2010. However most of existing public libraries preferred mid-to-large scale libraries, so they were restricted to be located in around a zone of life. For this reason most local residents have been excluded from right to use libraries and have difficulties to get library services for the knowledge and information society of the 21st century. The alternative to the small library is a school library. Both schools and public libraries are located in around a zone of life because residents can get an access to them easily. First, considering that small-scale public libraries of communities usually service about 10,000-20,000 people, I estimate that an open-style school library services 24class, 840people (24class*35people) of elementary school by 2003 Korean Library Standard (edited by Korean Library Association). Second, it requires systematic protection policies so that the open-style school of library can function as a local public library and a part of library cooperation system in accordance with local plans. All the open-style school libraries don't intend to open and we had better consider the suitable service areas. Third, it's desired for the management efficiency that the open-style school libraries being established afterward are divided into a branch-scale, a hall-scale and so on, not being uniform management model. And it also needs that one of them in the area enlarges the scale, and then supports other school libraries. According to these results of the research, as cooperation between the public library policy of a local government and school library policy, it needs a systematic support.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between country-level institutional quality and public debt in the context of Pakistan. The hypotheses of this study were assessed by using the country-level institutional quality data for Pakistan throughout the years from 1996 to 2018. Data came from the World Databank, IMF and Worldwide Governance Indicators databases. For the analysis, ordinary least square, quantile regression and robust regression were employed to assess the factors influencing the public debt. The results of this study indicate that the factors of voice and accountability, regulatory quality, and control of corruption have a positive and significant relationship with public debt, while political stability, government effectiveness, and the rule of law have a negative and significant effect on public debt. Based on the findings, a weak country-level institutional quality poses a substantial market risk as it signals the existence of an unfavorable economic condition that raises public debt. It was also revealed that an improved performance of country-level institutional quality can lead to the improvement of financial market transparency, hence reduce public debt. In contrast to previous studies, the present study will be breaking ground in enhancing public insight regarding the impact of country-level institutional quality on Pakistan's public debt.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.241-253
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• 2019

This study presents the standards for desirable local transfer of public affairs by analyzing the perceptions of experts in the academia and research institutes, as well as public officials in the environmental sector in charge of environmental affairs. The results of this study tend to be partially consistent with the results of previous studies that there is a difference in perception among respondents depending on the affiliation of experts and public officials. Among the policy tasks, there was a statistically significant difference among the respondents in perception of responsible agent for carrying out sustainable land planning and management. Regarding general environmental affairs, there was a statistically significant difference among pubic officials in different affiliations in perception of responsible executive agent for natural environment, living environment, and resource circulation.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.414-415
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• 2001

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.278-279
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.121-123
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• 2005