• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 2017

Public holidays are periods set aside by nations or states to observe particular events like national days, independence anniversary or religious festivals. These days are different from the usual periods of statutory leave or vacation provided for workers in the collective agreement or rule of engagement at the point of entry. These periods of leave enjoyed by workers include annual vacation, casual leave, sick leave, maternity leave, paternity leave and others as may be recognized within an establishment. Individual worker's period of leave is personal and at the discretion of the worker or the organization as the case may be, but public holidays involve the stoppage of work by the entire workforce within the period it would last. Nigeria observes many public holidays some of which, at times, are unplanned for by the people. This has attracted arguments for and against on the basis that these holidays are too many and detrimental to productivity and the national economy. Using secondary data, this paper examines the issue and opines that there is the need to review these public holidays with a view to halting their negative effects on the nation's economy. Also, measures to manage these holidays in line with constitutional provisions are espoused.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 2008

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant forms of human genetic variations and resources for mapping complex genetic traits and disease association studies. We have constructed a linkage disequilibrium (LD) map of chromosome 22 in Korean samples and compared it with those of other populations, including Yorubans in Ibadan, Nigeria (YRI), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) reference families (CEU), Japanese in Tokyo (JPT) and Han Chinese in Beijing (CHB) in the HapMap database. We genotyped 4681 of 111,448 publicly available SNPs in 90 unrelated Koreans. Among genotyped SNPs, 4167 were polymorphic. Three hundred and five LD blocks were constructed to make up 18.6% (6.4 of 34.5 Mb) of chromosome 22 with 757 tagSNPs and 815 haplotypes (frequency $\geq$ 5.0%). Of 3430 common SNPs genotyped in all five populations, 514 were monomorphic in Koreans. The CHB + JPT samples have more than a 72% overlap with the monomorphic SNPs in Koreans, while the CEU + YRI samples have less than a 38% overlap. The patterns of hot spots and LD blocks were dispersed throughout chromosome 22, with some common blocks among populations, highly concordant between the three Asian samples. Analysis of the distribution of chimpanzee-derived allele frequency (DAF), a measure of genetic differentiation, Fst levels, and allele frequency difference (AFD) among Koreans and the HapMap samples showed a strong correlation between the Asians, while the CEU and YRI samples showed a very weak correlation with Korean samples. Relative distance as a quantitative measurement based upon DAF, Fst, and AFD indicated that all three Asian samples are very proximate, while CEU and YRI are significantly remote from the Asian samples. Comparative genome-wide LD studies provide useful information on the association studies of complex diseases.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.54-72
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• 2016

This article analyzes the latest cases of Digital Social Innovation such as crowdsourcing and online petitions for public trouble-shooting in oder to demonstrate that public engagement of the citizens on decision making can enhance the quality of democracy. Digital Social Innovation contributes to citizen's participation on decision making and policy implementation with taking advantage of digital technologies of crowdsourcing and online petitions. Active civic engagement for decision making literally helps to improve and democratize government policy. These series of processes not only improve quality and efficiency of policy governance by building up transparency and effectiveness of policy itself but also enhance the throughput legitimacy. With this article, I quote and analyze various practices of Digital Social Innovation which we had substantiated to demonstrate the effectiveness of civic engagement for decision making to improve and enhance democracy. The hypothesis that the Digital Social Innovation attempted in various ways is a principal factor of democratization could be verified. Moreover, the practices of Digital Social Innovation helps the civic participation in policy making in modern society. Finally, this article suggests an implication of Digital Social Innovation as part of efforts to ensure the involvement of throughput legitimacy for the development of democracy.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.467-496
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• 2012

Public participation in the decision making for scarce health resources is important because health policy requires trust based consensus, which can be achieved by public's understanding and involvement of related policies. In the past, opportunities for interaction between health policy decision makers and lay public were rare in Korea. As political impulses towards public participation in health policy have increased, a few of deliberation methods were attempted. However, there is little research, reporting such cases with a critical examination of relevant theories and previous studies. We first critically review the literature on public participation within theories of democracy, governance, and empowerment. Next, we report a case of a citizen council experiment, which was held to examine public's preferences among different benefit options regarding new drugs and medical technologies. Specifically, in an one-day long citizen council with a total of 28 lay public, twelve questions of whether a drug or a technology should be included in the benefit package of health insurance were asked. Pre- and post-surveys investigated participants' perception of public engagement in health policy. Although it was experimental, the citizen council ensured that lay public could be careful enough to rationally compare the costs and benefits of different options and collectively make decisions. Further, results from pre- and post-survey showed a strong willingness of members to be involved in health care decision making. In the conclusion, we emphasize that better theories and methods need to be developed for more cases of citizen participation in health care policy and management.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.526-543
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how public health nurses (PHNs) perceive their roles and duties (R&D), as well as to investigate the change of their R&D, how they manage and solve problems. Methods: The data were collected through focus group interviews. Data were analyzed using Morgan (1998) and Krueger (1998)'s four step analysis. A total of 17 experienced PHNs participated in this study. Results: The results found 5 themes and 19 sub-themes: R&D of health managers and health service providers, factors affecting the changes of PHN's R&D, R&D in adjusting with trends and expanding work field (R&D being reduced, increasing R&D, need to expand R&D), problem with the structure and quality of workforce (lack of nurse manpower, lack of promotion opportunities, increasing non-regular workers, lack of refinement as an expert), and strategies for solving personnel issues (strengthening the job capacity, cultivating professional refinement, strengthening outside activities and political activities, strengthening the roles of PHN-related associations and academy, engagement policy of non-regular workers, expansion of the activity area) Conclusion: PHNs need to recognize their changing R&D and ways they manage and solve problems to enhance their professionalism.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.3224-3235
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• 2024

Amid the ongoing discourse on clean energy solutions, the reopening of decommissioned plants, such as the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP) in the Philippines has become a focal point in the country. This study delved into the complex web of factors influencing public acceptance of BNPP, employing the values-beliefs-norms theory. By utilizing partial-least square structural equation modeling, the research unravelled the intricate relationships among biospheric values, altruistic values, egoistic values, ecological worldview, awareness of consequences, personal norm, social norm, and the broader acceptance of BNPP establishment. With 434 respondents participating in a self-administered online survey, the study identified key correlations. Emphasizing the collaborative impact on decision-making processes by social and personal norms, the study also highlighted the role of ecological values in shaping awareness. The foundational impact of values on ecological worldviews was explored, shedding light on public attitudes toward nuclear energy. This research offers actionable insights for policymakers, advocating for targeted communication strategies and public engagement initiatives to navigate barriers and promote informed decision-making in the dynamic landscape of nuclear energy development. The study contributes to the global conversation on sustainable energy strategies, emphasizing the pivotal role of public perception in shaping the trajectory of nuclear power.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.443-453
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of institution trust on customer-orientation of hotel practician. Comparison between two types of governance structure demonstrated that the relationship between institution trust and customer-orientation were significantly different each other. As hypothesized, influence of organization trust on customer-orientation was much stronger in privately owned organizations than that of public ownership organizations. In the test of mediating effect of job engagement between two variables were statistically significant Based on the results from SEM model, we can suggest that improvement of institution trust need to be emphasized through the rational introduction of customer-oriented system, establishing priority task system according to individual business criticality, admission and enhance of fault. Empirical evidences from structural equation model support the governance type positively influence the job attitude in service organizations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2949-2954
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• 2013

Background: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between lifestyle behavior and quality of life (QoL) among cancer survivors in Korea. Materials and Methods: Data for a total of 471 (173 men, 298 women) cancer survivors (CS) over 40 years old were obtained from the database of the $4^{th}$ Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV). An identical number of subjects of the same age, sex, and education who had no restrictions in physical activity were randomly selected from the database and represented the control group (CG). Drinking, smoking, and exercise behavior were assessed. Results: The number of heavy drinkers was lower in CS (9.4%) than in CG (15.8%) (p<0.01); similarly, there were fewer smokers in CS (9.1%) than in CG (14.0%) (p<0.05). The percentage of individuals engaging in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity exercise did not differ between CS (13.6%, 14.7%, and 50.0%) and CG (14.3%, 13.4%, and 49.7%, respectively). No differences in Euro QoL Questionnaire 5-Dimensional Classification (EQ-5D) scores on both drinking and smoking behaviors were noted. Compared to the non-exercisers, the low-intensity exercisers in CG ($0.91{\pm}0.10$ vs. $0.94{\pm}0.09$), vigorous-intensity exercisers in CS ($0.84{\pm}0.62$ vs. $0.91{\pm}0.11$), and low-intensity exercisers in CS ($0.82{\pm}0.22$ vs. $0.88{\pm}0.13$) scored higher on the EQ-5D. Conclusions: Although cancer survivors practiced more conscious health behavior in drinking and smoking, their engagement in exercise did not differ from that of non-cancer survivors. Since exercise engagement increases QoL in general, implementation of an educational program that promotes exercise engagement in cancer survivors may be required.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2021

Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the new norm of online learning has been recognized as core to medical institutions for academic continuity, and students are expected to be motivated and engaged in learning while maintaining distance from other peers and educators. To facilitate students' and educators' newly defined roles in online medical education settings, it is crucial to understand how students are actively motivated and engaged in learning. Hence, this study explored medical students' motivational regulation profiles and examined the effects of motivational regulation strategies (MRS) on cognitive learning and learning engagement for online learning. Data were collected after the end of the first semester in 2020 from a sample of 334 medical students enrolled at a public university school of medicine. Latent profile analysis indicated three subgroups with different motivational regulation profiles: the low-profile, medium-profile, and high-profile groups. Regarding different MRS patterns in the high-profile group, mastery self-talk, performance approach self-talk, and the self-consequating strategy appeared to be most applicable for regulating learners' motivation. Analysis of variance showed that the profile groups with higher levels of MRS use were connected to a higher willingness to use cognitive learning strategies and a higher degree of engagement in online learning. The findings of this study emphasize the use of specific sets of MRS to support learning motivation and the need to design effective self-regulated learning environments in online medical education settings.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.249-267
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• 2014

Social media is being increasingly utilized in disaster relief work to identify safety issues, locate displaced-victims, and seek or provide support for those who need help. The presence of social media in disaster management has changed significantly in recent years, as it was not prevalent in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, but had become a powerful force in the 2013 Ya'an earthquake. This paper discusses the development of social media in disaster management via making a comparison between how it functioned in the two earthquakes. It examines the following aspects: who are the stakeholders that use social media in the earthquake management; how do they adopt this means in response to the earthquakes; and what are the outcomes of adopting social media with regards to public engagement and collaboration in an emergency event. As Sina Weibo acts as the equivalent of China's Twitter, the methodology relies on an analysis of posts in Weibo. The outcomes primarily show that: (1) authorities, celebrities and the public actively adopted social media for the purpose of information dissemination and resource mobilization; and (2) social media users are both content consumers and content generators in the times of earthquakes. The study concludes that social media as a backchannel communication tool is helpful for government institutions, corporations, and nonprofit organizations to build relationships with their stakeholders in the disaster management cycle. The result will interest academics and emergency management practitioners who are concerned with improving disaster communication.