• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-87
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• 2007

The new research data and rapid development of psychotropic drugs over the past few years have warranted the development of clinical practice guidelines for managing pervasive developmental disorder(PDD). These guidelines are urgently needed due to the recent changes in social circumstances and clinical situations in Korea. Despite the many limitations and problems surrounding the development of these guidelines, the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry(KACAP) has decided to develop the Korean Practice Parameters for the Treatment of PDD. The goal, basic principles, organization, and implications of this development project are introduced in this special paper. We expect these practice parameters to be a useful reference not only for child psychiatrists and other healthcare professionals in clinical practice, but also for the autistic patients themselves and their caregivers. The practice parameters shall be revised and improved in the near future.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.1131-1141
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• 2021

Objective: This study examined the case of a 63-year-old man with a history of hypertension and gout who had developed an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of the right basal ganglia of the corona radiata. Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Boyanghwanoh-tang and powdered Oryeong-san extract), Western medicine (Anticonvulsants, antihypertensive drugs, psychotropic agents, and others), acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and rehabilitative therapy. Their effects were evaluated using the Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Korean version of the modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), National Institute of Health's Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: After treatment, the MMT grade improved from 3/3+ to 4+/4+. Additionally, the K-MBI score improved from 62 to 77. Conclusion: The results suggest that combined traditional Korean and Western medicine can effectively treat patients with ICH.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.436-443
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• 2022

Objectives: This study examined the case of a 69-year-old man with a history of stroke and Alzheimer's disease who had been diagnosed with probable-rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (probable-RBD). Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Ukgan-san, Ukgansangayonggolmoryeo-tang, and powdered Gamisoyo-san extract), Western medicine (clonazepam, antiplatelet, psychotropic agents, antihypertensive drugs, and others), and acupuncture. Their effects were evaluated by the frequency and severity of sleep-related behavioral symptoms. Results: After treatment, the observed frequency and severity of sleep-related behavior decreased. Conclusion: The results suggest that using traditional Korean medicine with clonazepam can be effective in the treatment of patients with probable-RBD.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to explore the current activities of pharmacists in local pharmacies for preventing narcotics addiction, identify areas for improvement, and support initiatives to enhance and expand the activities of "narcotics addiction prevention counseling pharmacies" (hereinafter referred to as "Majung Pharmacies"). Methods: Surveys were conducted targeting local community pharmacists participating in the Majung Pharmacy activities in Daegu. Results: Out of 42 pharmacists who registered in the Majung Pharmacy movement in 2021, 41 responded (response rate of 98%). After excluding three participants who met the exclusion criteria, data from 38 participants were analyzed. The participating pharmacists were generally well aware of the conditions for pharmacists to serve as "accessible experts" in the forefront of drug addiction prevention. It was observed that the activities of Majung Pharmacies, particularly among highly engaged pharmacists, led to positive effects such as an increased focus on medication counseling for psychotropic drugs, thereby enhancing their professionalism. However, a significant number of participants also expressed negative opinions. Factors such as enthusiasm for professional activities and perceptions of the pharmacist's social role were important in shaping perceptions of Majung Pharmacy activities, whether positively or negatively. Additionally, this study underlined that pharmacists in practice are highly aware of the seriousness of issues arising from the use of narcotics by prescriptions. Conclusion: Suggestions were outlined for both short-term and long-term strategies aimed at ensuring the stable growth and expansion of Majung Pharmacy initiatives.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.761-766
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• 2020

Phenylamine derivatives are substances that have a biochemical action and are widely applied as psychotropic drugs. In particular, with regard to the quantitative analysis of substances such as ephedrine, amphetamine, pentermine, and dopamine, many previous studies such as electrochemical, vacuum ultraviolet method, and gas chromatography have been conducted. However, there have not been many studies on the structural characteristics of molecular units. Therefore, In this study, we used (HyperChem8.0's, HC) semi-empirical PM3 method to calculate the total energy, band gap, electrostatic potential, and net charge of ephedrine, amphetamine, pentamine and dopamine to investigate the chemical properties of each derivative according to the molecular structure change. The results showed that for total energy -43,171.8, -32,9538.3, -36,407.3 and -43,061.2 Kcal/mol, respectively, while for band gaps, 10.16379377, 9.9531666, 9.7878002 and 9.0589282 eV. Also, for electrostatic potentials, 1.301~-0.045, 1.694~0.299, 0.694~-0.158 and 1.587~-0.048 respectively. Finally, looking at the distribution of net charges, the oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms and carbon atoms were -0.312~-0.242, -0.161~-0.051 and +0.13~-0.12 respectively. These results are expected to lead to chemical action centered on phenyl radicals and oxygen and nitrogen atoms common to phenethylamine derivatives.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.224-231
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• 2002

Purpose: This pilot study was performed to understand the pharmacological effect of olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic agent, on dopamine transporter in schizophrenic patients. Materials and Methods: Six patients (3 male, 3 female) with schizophrenia, who had not taken any psychotropic drugs for at least four weeks, were studied. Nuclear imaging using $[^{123}I]-{\beta}-CIT$ SPECT was obtained before and after 4-week treatment with olanzapine. Analysis of ROI on the striatum, caudate nucleus, and putamen was performed. Results: Post-treatment uptake was significantly increased in all the ROIs compared with pre-treatment uptake. Conclusion: This preliminary study with the small number of schizophrenic patients suggested an increase in uptake of dopamine transporter in the striatum, caudate nucleus, and putamen after 4-week treatment with olanzapine, which warrants a large-scaled controlled study to confirm the current findings.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2023

Urinary incontinence (UI), affecting 3%-11% of males and 25%-45% of females globally, is expected to rise with an aging population. It significantly impacts mental health, causing depression, stress, and reduced quality of life. UI can exacerbate psychiatric conditions, affecting treatment compliance and effectiveness. It is categorized into transient and chronic types. Transient UI, often reversible, is caused by factors summarized in the acronym DIAPPERS: Delirium, Infection, Atrophic urethritis/vaginitis, Psychological disorders, Pharmaceuticals, Excess urine output, Restricted mobility, Stool impaction. Chronic UI includes stress, urge, mixed, overflow, functional, and persistent incontinence. Drug-induced UI, a transient form, is frequently seen in psychiatric treatment. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, and other psychiatric medications can cause UI through various mechanisms like affecting bladder muscle tone, altering nerve reflexes, and inducing other conditions like diabetes or epilepsy. Specific drugs like lithium and valproic acid have also been linked to UI, though mechanisms are not always clear. Managing UI in psychiatric patients requires careful monitoring of urinary symptoms and judicious medication management. If a drug is identified as the cause, options include discontinuing, reducing, or adjusting the dosage. In cases where medication continuation is necessary, additional treatments like desmopressin, oxybutynin, trihexyphenidyl, or amitriptyline may be considered.