• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.341-357
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• 2020

The present study examined whether the relation between different types of trust and happiness varied by place of residence (i.e., major cities vs. provinces) among Korean older adults. We used a total of 1,599 Korean adults aged 60 or older who had lived in the same residence at least for 5 years before. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test an interaction between types of trust and place of residence. Results show that generalized trust and social trust have positive association with happiness. A significant interaction effect between generalized trust, particularized trust, and place of residence were found. In particular, particularized trust was found to have positive effects on happiness within residences who had lived in provinces and generalized trust was found to have positive effects on happiness within residences who had lived in major cities. Findings suggest that different types of trust on happiness, especially interpersonal trust should be interpreted in an environmental context. Future practical implications for increasing older adult's trust are discussed in a cultural context as a way to promote happiness and research directions are discussed.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.1141-1158
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• 2009

This study was conducted to explore the determinants of happiness for Korean Old People. A total of 105 Korean old people responded to open-ended questions about their happiness. From the content analysis of those reponses were happiness-related 70 items derived. Then 200 old people rated themselves on the list of those items. Factor analysis of those data ended up with 33 items of 8 factors, which were ①Family relationship, ②Religion, ③Financial ability, ④Health, ⑤Work/Job, ⑥ Psychological stability, ⑦Leisure, ⑧Public welfare. This Happiness Scale for the Korean old people, Subjective wellbeing Scale, Emotion experience Scale, and Self-esteem Scale were also administered to the identical 200 Korean old people. Results indicated that the construct validity of this new Happiness Scale for Korean old people was obtained. Finally, the implications and limitations of the present study and suggestions for further studies were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.231-238
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• 2001

Frontal (F3, F4) EEG responses were analyzed and compared during exposure too slides of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study on 42 students. EEG responses during 20 s of exposure to slides intended to elicit happiness (nurturant and erotic), sadness, disgust, surprise, fear or anger emotions were quite similar and were exhibited in theta increase, alpha-blocking and increased beta activity, and frontal asymmetry. However, particular emotions demonstrated variations of the EEG response profiles, enabling to differentiate some pairs of emotions. The profiles showed higher magnitudes of EEG responses in exciting (i.e., erotic happiness) emotion. The most different pairs were exciting -sadness (theta, alpha and alpha asymmetry), exciting-surprise (theta, alpha asymmetry), and exciting-fear (theta, F3 alpha, alpha asymmetry). Nurturant happiness yielded the least differentiation. Differences were found as well within negative emotions, e.g., anger-sadness were differentiated by theta asymmetry, while disgust-fear by beta asymmetry. Obtained results suggest that magnitudes of profiles of EEG variables differentiate emotions elicited by affective pictures.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2021

Do happy applicants achieve more? Although it is well established that happiness predicts desirable work-related outcomes, previous findings were primarily obtained in social settings. In this study, we extended the scope of the "happiness premium" effect to the artificial intelligence (AI) context. Specifically, we examined whether an applicant's happiness signal captured using an AI system effectively predicts his/her objective performance. Data from 3,609 job applicants showed that verbally expressed happiness (frequency of positive words) during an AI interview predicts cognitive task scores, and this tendency was more pronounced among women than men. However, facially expressed happiness (frequency of smiling) recorded using AI could not predict the performance. Thus, when AI is involved in a hiring process, verbal rather than the facial cues of happiness provide a more valid marker for applicants' hiring chances.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.355-377
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• 2018

This study aimed to examine the effects of upward counterfactual thinking in academic majors, academic major satisfaction, and job-seeking anxiety on university students' happiness along with the grade levels(the lower and upper grades). The participants were 581 university students in Seoul, Korea. Upward counterfactual thinking in academic majors (related to schoolwork and job-seeking) had negative effects on academic major satisfaction. Upward counterfactual thinking in academic majors related to job-seeking had positive effects on job-seeking anxiety. Academic major satisfaction decreased job-seeking anxiety, and promoted happiness. Job-seeking anxiety had negative effects on happiness. In the path model between variables, the differences according to the grade were found in the influence of upward counterfactual thinking in academic majors related to schoolwork on major satisfaction and in the influence of job-seeking anxiety on happiness. These results are expected to help select interventions that would foster happiness among university students.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

As people's income rises dramatically, people's happiness seems not as high as expected. In fact, there are two different arguments about the relationship between income level and happiness. The focus of the debate is whether the correlation between income and probability of happiness is positive or negative. Therefore, we hypothesizes that the relationship between income and probability of happiness presents an inverted U-shaped curve. Then, this paper sets China as an example to explore the effect of income on happiness. The data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2015 is employed to conduct empirical analyses under the Probit model and the Zero-Inflation-Passion model. The empirical findings indicate that the effect of income on happiness presents an inverted U-shaped curve and significantly in statistic. Meanwhile, spouse's income, educational level, marriage time and house property have a positive and significant effect on happiness. Conversely, age and local living standards have a negative and significant effect on happiness. Unfortunately, even though registered residence and children have a negative effect on happiness, they do not get through the significant test. In order to ensure the robustness of our empirical results, we test the robustness of the above empirical results by adjusting the sample size. The results of robustness test verify that our empirical results are robust. Moreover, this paper also makes a small contribution to the current literature with a sample from China.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2014

Chaotic dynamics is an active research area in fields such as biology, physics, sociology, psychology, physiology, and engineering. Interest in chaos is also expanding to the social sciences, such as politics, economics, and societal events prediction. Most people pursue happiness, both spiritual and physical in many cases. However, happiness is not easy to define, because people differ in how they perceive it. Happiness can exist in mind and body. Therefore, we need to be happy in both simultaneously to achieve optimal happiness. To do this, we need to synchronize mind and body. In this paper, we propose a chaotic synchronization method in a mathematical model of happiness organized by a second-order ordinary differential equation with external force. This proposed mathematical happiness equation is similar to Duffing's equation, because it is derived from that equation. We introduce synchronization method from our mathematical happiness model by using the derived Duffing equation. To achieve chaotic synchronization between the human mind and body, we apply an idea of mind/body unity originating in Oriental philosophy. Of many chaotic synchronization methods, we use only coupled synchronization, because this method is closest to representing mind/body unity. Typically, coupled synchronization can be applied only to non-autonomous systems, such as a modified Duffing system. We represent the result of synchronization using a differential time series mind/body model.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2008

Objective: The present study introduced positive psychology and discussed the relation between positive psychology and oriental medicine. Methods: For the introduction of positive psychology the followings were dealt with: 1) review of positive subjective states and positive individual traits; 2) functions of positive subjective states and positive individual traits especially in the domain of health; 3) various interventions of positive psychology. Nextly we discussed the possibility of mutual development of oriental medicine and positive psychology with the meeting of both disciplines. Conclusion: Lastly it was emphasized that both disciplines should have more interests in well-being and health promotion and that we need more systematic scientific investigation for the development and application of positive interventions.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.193-217
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate and suggest directions and assignments of elementary school counseling based on positive psychology. For this purpose, the goal, contents, techniques and effects of counseling based on positive psychology were examined. Based on this review, the suggested implications for directions and assignments of elementary school counseling as follows; In connection with the directions of elementary school counseling, first, it was suggested that problem-focused counseling approaches centered a small number of problem children should be changed to strength based counseling approaches facilitating all children's whole development, happiness and well-being. Second, it was suggested that continuous and systematic counseling helps should be served to all children so that they can aware, experience and use their character strengths in their all lives at the inside and outside of their school. In connection with the assignments of elementary school counseling, first, increasing children's understanding on happiness, developing counseling programs for enhancing happiness and verifying their effects were discussed. Second, developing effective applying plans of positive counseling techniques and verifying their effects were discussed. Finally, making researches on our children's character strengths and interventions for developing their character strengths were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.305-313
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of happiness, happiness promoting activities and self-reflection. Need of happiness is as important as right of life and freedom in the convergence society and heating up according to appearance of positive psychology. Subjects were 366 nursing students. Data were collected Oct. 2-8(2014), and analyzed using t-test/ANOVA and correlation by SPSS. Self-reflection showed statistically significant differences according to grade, and experience of practice. Happiness and happiness promotion activities showed statistically significant difference according to economic state. Happiness promotion activities were positively correlated with self-reflection and happiness. The factors affecting happiness were happiness promotion, economic state, and self-reflection which accounted for 26.3%. Repeated research which include various variables of happiness and self-reflection is needed, and suggest qualitative research about happiness.