• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

Purpose: The study aimed to extract the space mentioned in the criteria for evaluation and certification of psychiatric institutions in which the most specific standards for medical services of psychiatric institutions are prepared, and to organize and analyze the requirements. Method: The implied space is derived by analyzing the evaluation and certification criteria. The derived space is re-classified by departments of the hospital, and the requirements are organized and analyzed. Results: First, a total of 41 spaces were derived. The derived spaces can be considered as spaces to be treated as important in psychiatric institutions. Second, as a result of reclassifying the derived space by department, 10 spaced for the hospital as a whole, 10 for wards, 12 for central/outpatient departments, 5 for pharmaceutical departments, 2 for catering facilities, and 2 for facilities. Third, if organized by psychiatric institution, there is a total of 40 spaces for psychiatric hospitals according to certification criteria, and according to evaluation criteria, there is 38 spaces for psychiatric hospitals and departments and 19 spaces for the clinics. The difference between the certification and evaluation criteria of psychiatric hospitals is insignificant. In order to promote the qualitative improvement of psychiatric institutions, it is necessary to gradually strengthen from the certification criteria. Fourth, the requirements reflecting the characteristics of a psychiatric institution were very limited to emergency exits and treatment rooms. It is necessary to prepare the space requirements for other rooms in consideration of the behavior of the mentally ill. Implications: The derived spaces and requirements can serve as practical reference materials for practitioners preparing to receive certification and evaluation of psychiatric institutions. In addition, it has meaning as a basic data for estimating the level of space and requirements of psychiatric institutions that are currently required in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.62-72
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• 1973

THE author conducted a field survey form Feb.1, 1973 to March 31, 1973 in the Busan area, standing six "institutions" where mentally ill patients are kept. These six institutions are registered at Busan Government, but are not regular hospitals. There suits of these investigation are as follows: \circled1 There are six institutions. which are registered at Busan City Government. All six are operated by layman who have little psychiatric knowledge and little human is tic motivation. \circled2 These institutions are allegedly to promote the welfare of the mentally sick. However they give little help for the patients. And they do not even have a resident medical person. The staff of those places will not accept professional medical help, and try to keep all information secret. \circled3 The finances are largely composed of patients′fees and partially from city′s help. The buildings are of high quality compared with the poor therapeutic situation. There also exist factors which make the patients worse, i,e. very small room space, compelling the patients to sit in a uteral position. This situation makes them worse and more autistic. \circled4 At the time of this survey, those lucrative overcrowded six institutions had 1.000 patients. At the same time the legitimate hospitals in Busan area had about 200 patients, \circled5 In my opinion, the City Government must take a more positive policy for the mentally ill patients, instead of the passive attitude which has held till now. And most of all, these patients must be medically and humanistically helped, instead of being left in a forgotten, depressed snake pit.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify whether there is a difference between an online-based community psychiatric nursing practice program with the ARCS model and a conventional community psychiatric nursing practice program in promoting nursing students' learning motivation, knowledge of community psychiatric nursing, communication skills, and learning self-efficacy. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The participants were 44 nursing students at three nursing colleges in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The experimental group was provided the online-based community psychiatric nursing practice program with ARCS model, while the control group was provided the conventional community psychiatric nursing practice program from July 9, to September 3, 2022. Both groups received practice training 8 hours a day, 5 days two weeks. The collected data were analyzed using the exact χ², Mann-Whitney U-test, and Quade's two-way ANCOVA with the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 program. Results: The results of the comparison of an experimental group training with the online-based community psychiatric nursing practice program with ARCS model and a control group training with the conventional community psychiatric nursing practice program showed that, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in learning motivation knowledge of community psychiatric nursing, and learning self-efficacy. However, communication skills were statistically significantly higher in the experimental group (F=6.23, p=.017). Conclusion: The online-based community psychiatric nursing practice program with ARCS model can be used as a substitute learning to improve community psychiatric nursing capabilities in situations when clinical practice is suspended due to infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 or when is a shortage of community psychiatric nursing practice institutions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify non-psychiatric nurses' difficulties in caring for patients with mental illness. Methods: Data were collected from eighteen general medical-surgical nurses working at a university hospital in Seoul, Korea. This study involved two focus group discussions and three in-depth individual interviews. All interviews were recorded and transcribed as they were spoken, and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: General medical-surgical nurses experienced difficulties in 3 categories, 9 subcategories, 27 codes. The three categories were 'nurse' related factors, 'patient' related factors, 'resource' related factors. The nine categories were 'unpreparedness', 'nursing barriers due to stigma', 'undervaluing and avoidance of psychiatric nursing', 'eroding into the trap of a vicious cycle', 'facing unapproachable patients', 'dealing with unhelpful family members', 'burdening already overburdened staff', 'obstructive environment', and 'isolation of staff with heavy responsibilities'. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the need to develop psychiatric mental health education programs for non-psychiatric nurses. Education about psychiatric mental health and support from institutions for non-psychiatric nurses can reduce their negative attitude toward psychiatric patients and difficulties in caring for psychiatric patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.110-123
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• 1995

This study was done to analyze the relationship between task stress and morale in psychiatric nursing assistants. The subjects were 118 psychiatric nursing assistants selected from the National Mental Hospital in Seoul and 18 non-medical mental institutions. The data were collected from October 22 to November 12, 1994. The instruments used for this study were modified PNOSS (Psychiatric Nurse Occupational Stress Scale) which was developed by Bai and modified the Morale scale which was developed by Oh. The confidence varification of these instruments were computed and Cronbach $\alpha$=.9255, .9260. Data were analyzed by t -test, ANOVA on 5% significant level and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of the study are as follows : 1. The average work stress scores of subjects were 2.83. Among the work stress factors : the conflict with nurse was identified as the most stress factor. There was significant relationship between the degree of work stress and the variables of psychiatric Nursing Assistants such as the marital status, educational level, religion, job satisfaction, working place, predicted period of work. 2. Average total morale scores for the subjects was 3.08. There was a significant relationship between the degree of morale and variables of psychiatric nursing assistants such as working place, certification as a nursing assistant, job satisfaction, opportunity for practical education and predicted period of work. 3. There was a significant relationship between the degree of morale and work stress factors such as administration problem, work overload.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.274-281
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to improve menu management of welfare institutions for mental-disorders. Special objectives were: to analyze dietitians' special considerations for menu planning in the view of nutrition, recipients' food preferences, and foodservice management; and to interprete menus by food groups and food costs. An open-ended questionnaire was developed and sent to 55 dietitians of welfare institutions for mental-disorders by a fax. Dietitians were asked to write their special considerations for menu planning relating to the nutrition, recipients, and menu management. A total of 46 dietitians responded to the questionnaires. Also, 32 weekly menus were sent to analyze in this study. Results of this study showed that dietitians considered specially energy, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and fats for recipients's health conditions and daily RDA. However, dietitians wanted more information about right menu plan manuals for psychiatric patients. Analysis of weekly menus showed that milk and milk products were th most insufficient serving food group in these institutions. Also, snacks (p<0.05)and milk products (p<0.05) serving was significantly affected by higher food costs. The results implicated that future research on menu development should be necessary for nutritional balanced meal services in welfare institutions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.455-462
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• 2013

This study was to examine the recognition and guarantee for psychiatric patients' rights of mental health care workers. The participants of this study were 231 mental health care workers from 10 mental health care institutions located in J city, Korea. Data was collected using questionnaires consisting of one instrument measuring participants' recognition and guarantee for psychiatric patients' rights, and participants' characteristics. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA with SPSS 12.0. The results of this study showed the mental healthcare workers' recognition and guarantee were significantly different in every subscales. Besides, the difference between recognition and guarantee toward psychiatric patients' rights was significantly associated with participants' occupations. Based on the findings, guiding where nursing education efforts should be focused to help putting in place the psychiatric patients' rights.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

Objective : This study examined psychiatric characteristics of wounded persons of Daegu subway fire accident occurring in February 2003 after six years. Methods : 103 wounded persons completed psychometric measures at 2 months and 6 years after the accident. Changes of psychiatric symptoms were compared and factors affecting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) seriousness were examined. Results : In Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the scores of Psychopathic Deviate (Pd), Masculinity/ Femininity (Mf), Social Introversion (Si) scales were significantly changed over time. The scores of Symptoms Checklist-90-Revision subscales were mostly decreased over time, however, paranoid ideation (PAR) subsclae scores were not significantly changed over time. In all of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-State, Beck Depression Inventory, Impact of Event Scale, and PTSD Checklist-Civilian, mean scores at 6 years after the accident were significantly lower than those at 2 months after the accident. However, STAI-Trait score was not significantly changed over time. Total seriousness of PTSD was found to be affected by quality of sleep. Conclusions : Psychiatric symptoms of subjects were largely improved over time, but distrust and doubt of others were continued. In addition, the wounded persons suffered from sleep problems. Therefore, early and continuous interventions of public institutions and public health specialists are needed for the wounded persons with chronic psychiatric disorders.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2023

Purpose: Seclusion room in a psychiatric facility limit the body and space for treatment or protection, so controversy over human rights violations arises despite their necessity. The seclusion room should be created as an environment that can promote the recovery and healing of patients, not the purpose of managing patients. while ensuring the safety of medical staff. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the standards of overseas guidelines for the seclusion room in psychiatric facility, and through this, it is intended to contribute to the improvement of facility standards for seclusion rooms in Korea, which are at a very insufficient level. Method: This study takes the method of comparative analysis through literature review. We analyze the facility standards of seclusion room in Korea, and compare and analyze guidelines for seclusion rooms in Australia, US, UK, and Canada. Result: As a result, the elements of the guideline for seclusion room were classified into size, space, opening, furniture and equipment, and etc. The results of comparative analysis of details are presented. Implications: Korea should also prepare guidelines for psychiatric institutions, and among them, the standards for seclusion room, which are at the center of controversy over human rights violations, should be reviewed in depth.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.90-110
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the parental recognition and utilizing patterns of oriental medical care in children who live in Seong-Dong district. Methods 802 day-care center children's parents participated in the survey on recognition and utilizing patterns of oriental medical care, and 702 of the surveys were analyzed. Results: 1. 38.33% has received previous oriental medical treatments and most were received at the children's age under 12-24 months. Majority of the treatments took place in the clinical settings. By recommendation, some also received their treatment at the medical centers. One of the reasons why they receive oriental medical treatments was that they prefer to balance their treatment with the orental medical treatments along with the western's. 2. 53.85% of those who received oriental medical treatments were satisfied with their treatments. The effective treatment results were the major reason for the satisfaction. 3. 49.56% of those who had oriental medical treatments chose specific oriental medical facilities for the children's ailment. Most specific oriental medical facilities were local oriental medical clinics. Reputation fame were the main reason in choosing the clinics. 4. In 2009, 55.26% had received care in the specific oriental medical clinics for the diseases, such as respiratory symptoms, systemic symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, skin problems, neurological and psychiatric disease for infants, and respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, systemic symptoms, skin problems, neurological and psychiatric symptoms, urinary symptoms and musculoskeletal symptoms for toddlers. 5. The average duration of herbal treatment were 7-14 days, preferably 4-6 days, and preferred number of medical visits were once a week on Saturdays and preferred day for night cares were on Friday nights. Average treatment fee per treatment was less than 10,000 won which coincided with the preferred treatment fee per visit. 6. The very first medical institutions chosen by parents once their children are ill are the following; Western medical institutions, western medical clinics, pharmacies, oriental medical clinics, health centers, and lastly, oriental medical institutions. The major concerns in receiving oriental medical cares include pesticides in herbs and hazardous substances in heavy metals. Preferred form of oriental medicine was decoction, the negative feedback of oriental medicine was mostly due to the bitter taste of the oriental herbal decoctions. Preferred frequency of intake was twice a day with less than 10cc~20cc per single intake. Conclusions: Taken all together, we conclude that the growing recognition of Oriental Pediatric medicine is needed among parents.