• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.77-89
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• 2021

In this study, materials and color formation techniques were assessed for black potteries excavated from the Janghyeon-dong, Jungsan-dong and Gyodong-ri sites during the Proto-Three Kingdoms period in Ulsan, Korea. Although the black potteries were black superficially, the inner cores were either black or reddish yellow. Microscopy analysis identified that body clay was used for reddish iron oxide rich soils with quartz, alkali feldspar and mica, along with grains of myrmechite texture. Additionally, as marginal differences exist in the contents of SiO₂, Fe₂O₃ and CaO, the composition of the host rock and clay distributed around the sites was affected. Thus, we can deduce that pottery was made by soiling at a short distance. Raman spectroscopy results revealed that the black layer of the black pottery was used as amorphous combustion carbon. In addition, as a transparent layer of brown lacquer was observed on the substrate that was in contact with the surface layer, the black layer of the pottery induced black color development by a combination of combustion carbon and lacquer. Based on the mineral composition and microtexture of the body clay, the firing temperature of the potteries seemed to range from 750 to 850℃, whereas the lacquer layer was pyrolyzed at 468℃ by thermal analysis. Therefore, a combined layer of combustion carbon and lacquer, which formed the black color, was painted after the body clay was fired.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1975-1979
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• 2013

Aim: To investigate the level of expression of proto-oncogene Wip1 and its physiological significance in colorectal cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to analyze Wip1 mRNA and protein expression in 120 cases of colorectal cancer and normal tissues to study relationships with clinical symptoms and disease prognosis. Results: The level of Wip1 protein expression was found to be significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues (85% (102/120)) than in normal tissues (30% (36/120)) (P<0.05). The relative amount of Wip1 protein in colorectal cancer tissue was also found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than in normal tissues ($1.060{\pm}0.02$ and $0.640{\pm}0.023$, respectively). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed average Wip1 mRNA expression levels to be $1.113{\pm}0.018$ and $0.658{\pm}0.036$ for colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05). The level of Wip1 protein expression was not correlated with age, gender, or tumor site, but appeared linked with lymph node metastasis, Dukes stage, histological grade, and liver metastasis. Individuals with high and low levels of Wip1 expression showed statistically significant differences in the five-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates (P<0.05). Conclusion: Wip1 mRNA and protein are highly expressed in colorectal cancers and may be associated with colorectal cancer development and progression.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.272-276
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• 2014

Recording of the research procedure and results is the compulsory virtue to scientists. This ensures the objectivity and integrity of research and has become a cornerstone for a junior scholar. Furthermore, we can save time and efforts by avoiding duplication study. Recently on its patent application, the value of laboratory notebook is going to increase. However, there is a limitation to record a voluminous work in a traditional writing laboratory notebook. So, it could be an alternative proposal to convert that into an electronic work or develop an electronic laboratory notebook. Our journal has continuously pursued globalization. Laboratory notebook could be one of the key factors for that goal. In the present study, the authors reviewed the needs for laboratory notebook and tried developing a proto-type electronic laboratory notebook.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.255-271
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• 2009

This study was examined interpretation of making techniques and provenance interpretation of raw materials for the potteries from the Nongseori site in Giheung based on archaeometric characteristics. The potteries are classified into three groups according to the archaeological age. The texture of Neolithic age potteries is sandy soil added a lot of temper such as talc and mica, and Bronze age potteries contain sandy materials which occur naturally include quartz, orthoclase, plagioclase and mica. On the other hand, Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries made of silty soil that sift out coarse minerals from the clay. But all pottery and soil samples in the study were very similar patterns with geochemical evolution trend. This result is sufficient evidence that all pottery samples were produced using the same raw materials from the host rocks around of the site area. The Neolithic age potteries had loose texture and fired probably about 700 to $760^{\circ}C$. The Bronze age potteries had experienced firing about 850 to $900^{\circ}C$. And Proto-three Kingdom Age potteries had compact textured and fired from 900 to $1,050^{\circ}C$. The making techniques of potteries are not represented discontinuation characteristics about the periodic time sequences, and are suggested that revealed a transitional change patterns for production techniques.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2010.07a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2010

본 논문은 연료전지를 이용한 가정용 발전시스템의 계통 연계를 위한 3kW급 전력변환 시스템의 개발에 관한 것이다. 저전압 대전류 출력특성을 갖는 연료전지의 전류리플 최소화를 위해 멀티페이즈 컨버터를 적용한 DC/DC 승압 컨버터를 제안하고자 한다. 특히 고밀도 전력변환 시스템의 스위칭 손실 극소화를 위해 고효율 ZVS Soft-Switching 동작을 구현하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 높은 승압비로 변환된 전압을 통해 계통운전 동작을 수행하기 위한 DC/AC 단상 인버터와 고효율 무결점 기능을 갖는 디지털 방식의 DSP를 적용한 제어기 개발도 병행하여 수행되었다. 제안하는 3kW급 멀티페이즈 컨버터 및 계통연계형 인버터의 Proto-Type을 제작하고 실험을 통해 본 방식의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 1998

A novel high power factor Dual Half Bridge Series Resonant Inverter (DHB-SRI) for an induction heating appliance with multiple loads is proposed to remove the interferential acoustic noise caused by the difference between operating frequencies of adjacent loads. The circuit enables independent full power range control of two induction heating elements by one inverter circuit and has minimum switching losses due to the zero voltage switching characteristic. According to the mode analysis, I will explain the operation of the proposed circuit. To evaluate the required cooling capacity, loss analysis is performed through deriving some loss equations. In order to obtain the power factor correction capability and to lessen the system size, suitable design guides are given. Using the designed values, the proto-type circuit with 2.8kW power consumption for each induction heating element is built and tested to verify the operation of the proposed circuit.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 1999

In this paper, the power factor correction circuit using a parallel drive method is proposed so that the high power inverter air-conditioner with 3[hp] compressor motor may obtain the cost down and the improved performance. The adequate design porcedures are presented to reduce the material costs by eliminating the power factor imprving LC filter and derating output capacitor and inverter switches. Using the determined components. the proto-type circuit with 6[kW] power consumption is built and tested to verify the operation of the proposed circuit.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.149-153
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• 2012

Among the various solar-hydrogen production techniques a combination of a photovoltaic (PV) and an electrolytic cell into one single system, a monolithic PV-electrolytic cell, has been suggested as a promising one in terms of efficiency and stability. In this mini-review, we describe our recent efforts on the fabrication of the monolithic PV-electrolytic cell. Particularly, we focus on the electrocatalysts for water oxidation and its fabrication method suitable for a monolithic PV-electrolytic cell. We also introduce proto-type devices with a dye-sensitized solar cell module and an InGaP/GaAs photoelectrodes.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.236-240
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• 1982

The crystallization of melts with similar composition of Portland cement liquid containing 0-5% $K_2O$ was studied by differential thermal and isothermal reaction. The devitrification of melts was occured in stages, the recognizable amount of CaO was appered at the first step, then proto-C3A was crystallized. The latter showed to occur in both cubic C3A and Ca-ferrite crystallization. Batches lost remarkable amounts of $K_2O$ as a result of volatilization during melting and the solubility of $K_2O$ in the melts was unstable.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.216-223
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• 2010

Most lamp units at ceilings, walls, and streets are static and no automatic motion capabilities are available at all to adjust lamp tilting angles and its zooming position. This paper proposes a new robotic lamp that creates three degrees of freedom (DOF) motion by using a spherical-type parallel mechanism with a unique forward kinematic position. In the robotic lamp, three motors are placed at the base frame to control two tilting angles and one zoom in-and-out motion for a localized light. The kinematic model of this device is derived and the proto type has been developed. The performance of this device was verified through experiment.