• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2010

The Remote welding system(RWS) using $CO_2$ laser equipment has focusable distance of laser beam longer than 800 mm from workpiece and can deflect the laser beam by the scanner mirrors very rapidly. In the case of normal welding system based on robot, there is a limit to move the shortest path in short time and this causes interference between robot and workpiece. On the other hand, RWS is the optimized equipment to get big merits with advanced sequence of welding and short cycle time. However, there is still a pending task such as the control of plasma in the welding process of thick sheets therefore, it requires high power laser beam because of the absence of assist gas equipment in itself. In this study, high-tensile steel plates were overlap welded with $CO_2$ RWS for the production of car body and the influence of penetration depth according to the existence of assist gas was analyzed. Excellent tensile strength with enough width of molten zone independent to penetration depth was observed under welding condition with 3.6 kW laser power and 2.8 m/min welding speed without assist gas. Finally, the proto-type automotive parts were produced by applying the deduced optimal welding condition.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.38-52
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• 1997

초고속선의 구조설계에 있어서 가장 중요한 요소중의 하나가 구조부재에 대한 경량화이며, 이점에서 최근 알루미늄하니콤 샌드위치판이 초고속선의 선각재료로서 주목을 받고있다. 본 논문에서는 80미터급 초고속 카훼리에 대한 시설계를 통하여 알루미늄 샌드위치판의 초고속선의 선각재료로서의 유용성을 확인코져 한다. 이를위해, 먼저 사례연구 대상선박의 사양을 정하고, 기존의 알루미늄 보강판 방식과 샌드위치 방식으로 구조설계를 수행, 이들의 설계결과를 비교함으로써 샌드위치구조의 구조경량화 가능성을 검증코져 한다. 선박의 경제성을 검토하기 위해서 선박건조비 및 운항비를 포함한 전체비용을 두가지 방식에 대하여 정량적 비용분석을 수행코져 한다. 끝으로, 현재 초고속대형선의 선각재료로서 알루미늄하니콤 샌드위치판이 사용되지 못했던 원인과 앞으로 해결해야할 과제들에 대해서 고찰하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.151-155
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• 1997

Promoter of the Drosophila proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene contains DRE (Drosophila DNA replication-related element) required for the high level expression of replication-related genes. Recently, we found that promoter region of the D-raf (a Drosophila homolog of the human c-raf-1) contains two sequences homologous to the DRE and demonstrated the DRE/DREF (DRE-binding factor) involvement in regulation of the D-raf gene. In this study, using ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid reported to possess antitumor activities, we examined effects of UA on proliferation of the Drosophila cultured Kc cells and on expression of the PCNA and D-raf genes. UA showed an inhibitory effect on proliferation of the Kc cells in a concentration-dependent manner in DNA content assays and [3H]thymidine incorporation assays. The IC50 value of anti-proliferative effects of UA in DNA content assays was about 7.5uM. UA showed inhibitory effects on expression of the PCNA as well as on that of the D-raf, which were examined with the reporter plasmic p5'-168DPCNACAT or p5'-878DrafCAT, respectively. The results obtained in the present study suggest that expression of the PCNA and D-raf genes is coordinately regulated in at least UA-treated Kc cells and that down-regulation of expression of the PCNA and D-raf genes might be related with the antitumor activities of UA.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.415-423
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• 2008

외핵은 대부분 철로 이루어져 있으나 외핵의 밀도를 10% 정도 줄일 수 있는 희석 원소가 존재해야 한다. 외핵에서 존재할 가능성이 있는 가벼운 희석원소가 수소와 산소라는 가정 하에, 고압 하에서 수소의 열역학적 안정성을 적철석($Fe_2O_3$) + 수소($H_2$) $\to$ 괴타이트(FeOOH) + 철(Fe) 반응관계식을 이용하여 계산하였다. 열역학적 해석 결과, 상온 및 상압에서 이러한 화학반응의 깁스자유에너지는 12.62 kJ/mol로 계산되었다. 상온에서 압력이 증가함에 따라 깁스자유에너지 값은 감소하여 0.068 GPa에서 '0 kJ/mol'을 나타내었다. 압력이 증가함에 따라 깁스자유에너지 값은 일정한 비율로 점차적으로 감소하여 200 GPa에서는 -208.26 kJ/mol을 나타내었다. 이러한 열역학적 분석 결과로 볼 때 고압 하에서 수소와 철산화물이 반응하여 철원소와 철 수산화물을 생성하는 환원반응이 선호되며, 수소와 산소가 철수산화물의 형태로 원시지구 핵 내에 존재하게 되었을 가능성을 배제할 수 없다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.129-131
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• 2015

We have initiated single-dish monitoring observations of ~400 methanol maser sources at 6.7 GHz using the Hitachi 32-m radio telescope from December 2012 to systematically research periodic flux variations, which are observed in some methanol maser sources associated with high-mass (proto-)stars. In our monitoring, we have made daily monitoring, so that each source has been observed every nine days with an integration time of 5 min (typical $3{\sigma}$ detection sensitivities of 0.9 Jy). The monitoring observations help us statistically understand periodic flux variations with a period longer than 50 days. As an initial result, we present a new detection of periodic flux variations in the 6.7 GHz methanol maser source G 036.70+00.09. The period of the flux variations is ~53 days (~0.019 cycles $day^{-1}$), and seems to be stable over 9 cycles, at least until the middle of August 2014.

• 폴리머
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2004

고분자 생체재료에서 세포부착과 성장은 재료의 적심성, 화학구조, 표면전하 및 거칠기 등의 표면 성질에 의존한다. 본 연구에서는 저밀도 폴리에틸렌 필름 (LDPE)의 표면 적심성과 골수유래 줄기세포의 증식 및 성장성을 측정하기 위하여 플라즈마 처리를 실시하였으며 개질된 필름 표면의 특성을 조사하였다. 또한 LDPE 필름에서의 세포부착과 증식률은 세포수 관찰과 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응으로 확인하였다. 표면성질의 하나인 물 접촉각 측정 결과 플라즈마 처리 시간이 길어짐에 따라 필름표면의 접촉각이 감소하였으며 암형성 유전자와 암억제 유전자의 발현률이 60∼70$^{\circ}$ 사이에서 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 세포수 관찰을 통해 접촉각이 60∼70$^{\circ}$인 표면에서 세포 증식률이 우수하여 표면성질이 세포의 성장과 분화에 중요함을 확인하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.893-899
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• 2024

In a secondary cooling system of a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), rapid detection of hydrogen due to sodium-water reaction (SWR) caused by water leakage from a heat exchanger tube of a steam generator (SG) is important in terms of safety and property protection of the SFR. For hydrogen detection, the hydrogen detectors using atomic transmission phenomenon of hydrogen within Ni-membrane were used in Japanese proto-type SFR "Monju". However, during the plant operation, detection signals of water leakage were observed even in the situation without SWR concerning temperature up and down in the cooling system. For this reason, the study of a new hydrogen detector has been carried out to improve stability, accuracy and reliability. In this research, the authors focus on the difference in composition of hydrogen and the difference between the background hydrogen under normal plant operation and the one generated by SWR and theoretically estimate the hydrogen behavior in liquid sodium by using ultra-accelerated quantum chemical molecular dynamics (UA-QCMD). Based on the estimation, dissolved H or NaH, rather than molecular hydrogen (H₂), is the predominant form of the background hydrogen in liquid sodium in terms of energetical stability. On the other hand, it was found that hydrogen molecules produced by the sodium-water reaction can exist stably as a form of a fine bubble concerning some confinement mechanism such as a NaH layer on their surface. At the same time, we observed experimentally that the fine H₂ bubbles exist stably in the liquid sodium, longer than previously expected. This paper describes the comparison between the theoretical estimation and experimental results based on hydrogen form in sodium in the development of the new hydrogen detector in Japan.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.398-407
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• 2020

Objective: The Yip1 domain family (YIPF) proteins were proposed to function in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi transport and maintenance of the morphology of the Golgi, which were homologues of yeast Yip1p and Yif1p. YIPF3, the member 3 of YIPF family was a homolog of Yif1p. The aim of present study was to investigate the expression and regulation mechanism of porcine YIPF3. Methods: Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze porcine YIPF3 mRNA expression pattern in different tissues and pig kidney epithelial (PK15) cells stimulated by polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly [I:C]). Site-directed mutations combined with dual luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) were employed to reveal transcription regulation mechanism of porcine YIPF3. Results: Results showed that the mRNA of porcine YIPF3 (pYIPF3) was widely expressed with the highest levels in lymph and lung followed by spleen and liver, while weak in heart and skeletal muscle. Subcellular localization results indicated that it expressed in Golgi apparatus and plasma membranes. Upon stimulation with poly (I:C), the level of this gene was dramatically up-regulated in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. pYIPF3 core promoter region harbored three cis-acting elements which were bound by ETS proto-oncogene 2 (ETS2), zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 (ZBTB4), and zinc finger and BTB domain containing 14 (ZBTB14), respectively. In which, ETS2 and ZBTB4 both promoted pYIPF3 transcription activity while ZBTB14 inhibited it, and these three transcription factors all played important regulation roles in tumorigenesis and apoptosis. Conclusion: The pYIPF3 mRNA expression was regulated by ETS2, ZBTB4, and ZBTB14, and its higher expression in immune organs might contribute to enhancing ER to Golgi transport of proteins, thus adapting to the immune response.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2024

Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the effects of clean-diabetes mellitus 3 (C-DM3), a herbal formula with Trichosanthis Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Crataegi Fructus, and Cinnamomi Cortex, on the pathological and serological symptoms of diabetes and its related molecular mechanisms in diet-induced obese mice. Methods: We prepared an obese mouse model using a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then administered the C-DM3 extract for 4 weeks. The changes of pathological and serological biomarkers for diabetes assessment were measured in the mice and histological changes were observed in the liver and pancreas tissues. We also identified the main compounds in the C-DM3 extract using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analyzed the molecular mechanism of the disease condition by network pharmacological analysis. Results: In the in vivo, the administration of C-DM extract to obese mice significantly reduced body weight gain, fatty liver symptoms, and muscle loss, and decreased the levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, aspertate aminotransferase, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In addition, C-DM extract significantly increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1, protein kinase b (AKT), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and glucose transporter 4 in all pancreatic and liver tissues, with inhibition of histopathological changes in obese mice. HPLC analysis identified hyperoside, berberine, epiberberine, columbamin, coptisine, coumarin, jatrorrhizine, and citric acid as the main compounds. In the network pharmacological analysis, the molecular targets of C-DM3 extract on obesity and diabetes were shown as the insulin, AKT, PI3K, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways with the regulation of inflammatory molecules interleukin 6 (IL-6), jun proto-oncogene, and IL-1β, which matched our in vivo targets. Conclusions: Based on these results, C-DM3 extract is expected to be effective in improving obesity and preventing diabetic progression.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2005

한반도 남서부 지역은 고태평양판의 섭입에 의한 화성활동이 매우 활발했던 지역으로 백악기 화강암류와 이와 성인적으로 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 추정되는 화산암이 넓게 분포하고 있다. 백악기 화강암류를 형성시킨 마그마의 특성 및 지구조적 환경을 규명하고자 이미 보고 된 185개의 자료와, 야외 지질 조사를 통해 얻은 시료 중 신선한 36개의 시료에 대해 주성분 원소, 미량원소에 대한 지화학 분석을 실시하였다. 본 역 화강암류들은 전형적으로 I-type의 비알칼리암 중 칼크-알칼리 계열에 속하며 ANK vs. ACNK도에 도시해볼 때 대부분 메타알루미나질에 해당된다. 주성분 및 미량원소의 변화경향은 일반적인 화강암류의 분화경향과 유사하지만 지역별 주성분 및 미량원소의 특성을 살펴보면 이들 화강암류가 동원마그마 기원이 아님을 시사한다. 연구 지역의 동쪽에 분포하는 화강암체들은 서부에 비해 높은 Li, Co, Sr Sc의 함량과 낮은 Rb, Nb의 함량을 나타낸다. 미량원소의 함량은 화강암의 세계 평균값보다 전반적으로 높게 나타나는 경향이 있으며, 특히 Cr, Co, Ni, V, Sc등의 철-마그네슘 계열 원소의 함량이 더 높게 나타났다. 희토류원소는 모두 LREE가 HREE 보다 부화되어 화강암류의 전형적인 패턴과 일치하며, 서부 지역이 동부 지역보다 더 뚜렷한 Eu(-)이상을 갖는다. 지구조 판별도에서도 VAG와 syn-COLG 환경에 점시된다. 본 연구지역의 화강암류들은 대륙연변부에서 나타나는 화강암류의 희토류원소의 총량($60{\~}499ppm$)과 $(La/Lu)_{CN}=8.9{\~66}$의 범위에 해당되며 모든 지화학적 자료를 종합해보면 이지역의 화강암류들은 고태평양판의 섭입에 의한 압축장이 작용하는 대륙 연변부에서 생성되었음을 알 수 있다.