• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.70-86
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• 2009

Today, digital technology is extending its influence to fashion design, which is closely related to people's lifestyle. In order for people to access information all the time, every place, people have to wear these devices all the time, every place. Intelligent wear allows people to communicate with their own body, other persons or surrounding real-time. The purposes of this study are to define 'Intelligent wear' by looking through the similar terms of intelligent wear on related fields, to analyze characteristics of intelligent wear and to provide not only theoretical data but also, practical data far product development on both functional and aesthetic sides. In this study, usefulness provided by intelligent wear were identified in the concept of instrumental & expressive function. For the aim of the study, literature and case study were considered at the same time. The conclusions are as the following. The characteristics of intelligent materials were found to be information, intelligence and protection, the characteristics of intelligent manufacture were combination and virtual reality. And The characteristics of intelligent products were multi-function, transformation, camouflage. Integration of operability function extends human ability and the area of human activity, entertainment, and communication, and provides convenience. Consequently, development of intelligent wear should promote through not only computer engineering but also, connection to other fields. Most of all, there is a need for active research in clothing design and the fashion design since intelligent wear is after all, clothing.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.699-707
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• 1996

This study was designed to examine the involvement of lead in function of target organ, and the protective effect of selenium in lead-treated guinea pigs for 8 weeks. The effects of exposure to 0.5% lead acetate(lead) and/or 4ppm sodium selenite(selenium) in feed on serveral aspects were evaluated by measuring thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), triiodothyronine($T_3$), thyroxine($T_4$), serum biochemical activities, organ weights, and serum and organ lead concentrations in growing animals. The many indicators of endocrine function(TSH, $T_3$, and $T_4$ in serum), enzyme and biochemical activities(${\alpha}$-glutamyltranspeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, triglyceride, creatinine, $Ca^{2+}$ in serum), and organ weights(kidney, spleen and testis) were correlated with lead exposure or showed significantly different mean values between the exposed and controls. These changes on some aspects were reversed by combination-fed of selenium, but did not statistically significant. The organ(kidney, liver, spleen, testis and brain) and serum lead concentrations of lead-fed group were clearly higher than that of controls. Selenium supplementation resulted in a significant protection against lead accumulation in liver and testis. These results suggest that lead can cause a toxic effect on several organ and that selenium seems to has a protective effect on specific reaction by lead-induced organic function toxicity.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.996-1003
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the effect of promoting gastrointestinal function and inhibiting of decreasing body temperature of ginger extract(Zingiber officinale) in rats. In order to elucidate the gastrointestinal function and inhibiting effect of body temperature of native ginger and improved ginger, water extracts of ginger were orally administrated into rats. The results are as follows: The gastrointestinal transit time was significantly decreased in native ginger(7.66hrs) and improved ginger(7.72hrs) extract administrated groups compare to control group(8.44hrs). The mean red faecal weight was increased in native ginger(30.6%) and improved ginger(31.1%) extract administrated groups compare to control group(24.9%) for 24hrs. Inhibiting effect of decreasing body temperature induced by serotonin was increased in native ginger($1.116^{\circ}C$) and improved ginger($1.416^{\circ}C$) extract administrated groups compare to positive control group($0.384^{\circ}C$) during 40 minutes. Gastrin and CGRP immunoreactive density was more strongly expressed in native ginger and improved ginger extract administrated groups compare to control group. Serotonin immunoreactive density was more weakly expressed in native ginger and improved ginger extract administrated groups compare to control group. These results suggest that ginger extracts may enhance physiological activity such as gastrointestinal motility, protection of mucosa and gastric acid secretion in gastrointestinal tracts, and inhibits decreasing body temperature

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1626-1639
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• 2020

In Caenorhabditis elegans, SHN-1 is the homologue of SHANK, a scaffolding protein. In this study, we determined the molecular basis for SHN-1/SHANK in the regulation of innate immune response to fungal infection. Mutation of shn-1 increased the susceptibility to Candida albicans infection and suppressed the innate immune response. After C. albicans infection for 6, 12, or 24 h, both transcriptional expression of shn-1 and SHN-1::GFP expression were increased, implying that the activated SHN-1 may mediate a protection mechanism for C. elegans against the adverse effects from fungal infection. SHN-1 acted in both the neurons and the intestine to regulate the innate immune response to fungal infection. In the neurons, GLR-1, an AMPA ionotropic glutamate receptor, was identified as the downstream target in the regulation of innate immune response to fungal infection. GLR-1 further positively affected the function of SER-7-mediated serotonin signaling and antagonized the function of DAT-1-mediated dopamine signaling in the regulation of innate immune response to fungal infection. Our study suggests the novel function of SHN-1/SHANK in the regulation of innate immune response to fungal infection. Moreover, our results also denote the crucial role of neurotransmitter signals in mediating the function of SHN-1/SHANK in regulating innate immune response to fungal infection.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

Purpose: Clinical laboratory in hospital has taken a great role in protection of chronic disease. as well as diagnosis and treatment, And laboratory layout has been considered by the management and laboratory section more than the function and workflow. Methods: So this study figures out the workflows of laboratory sections in the recently upgraded Laboratory Medicine, and searches the functional relationships and spatial block diagram between each disciplines as follows. Literature review and expert adviser has been conducted. Results: 1) Laboratory type of Laboratory Medicine is divided into routine and specialized laboratory according to the workflow by automated or specialized test. 2) The general workflow consists of specimen collection, specimen classification, test by discipline, test report, and specimen disposal. 3) Though the function of each laboratory section is very complicated and specific, the characteristics and the workflow can be shown in detail by each lab through [Figure 4], [Figure 5], [Figure 6], [Figure 7], and [Figure 8]. 4) Functional relationship diagram can be displayed to the adjacency and relation between each laboratory and support spaces. 5) The spatial block diagram could be presented as shown in [Figure 10], in which the emergency lab lay in front side, routine lab in the central open area, and specialized lab in the behind side. Implications: This study can be used as a useful data in planning and designing a Laboratory Medicine Department.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.2806-2820
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• 2024

Accurate reconstruction of radiation field and path planning are very important for the safety of operators in the process of dismantling nuclear facilities. Based on radial basis function (RBF) interpolation algorithm, this paper discussed the application of inverse multiquadric radial basis Function (IMRBF) interpolation method to the reconstruction of gamma radiation field, and proved the feasibility of reconstructing a radiation field with multiple γ sources. The average relative errors of IMRBF interpolation results were 4.28% and 8.76%, respectively, for the experimental scenarios with single and double gamma sources. After comparing the consistency between the simulated scene and the experimental scene, IMRBF method and Cubic Spline method were respectively used to reconstruct the gamma radiation field by Geant4 simulation data. The results showed that the interpolation accuracy of IMRBF method was superior to that of Cubic Spline method. Further, more RBF interpolation algorithms were used to reconstruct the multi-γ source radiation field, and then the Probabilistic Roadmap (PRM) algorithm was used to optimize the human walking path in the radiation field reconstructed by different interpolation methods. The optimal paths in radiation fields generated by multiple interpolation methods were compared. The results herein contribute to a comprehensive understanding of RBF interpolation methods in reconstructing γ radiation fields and their application in optimizing paths in radiation environments. The insights may provide valuable information for decision-making in radiation protection during the decommissioning of nuclear facilities.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2005

Plant epidermis consists of relatively unspecialized cells and more specialized cells of various structure and function. Trichomes are specialized cells originated from the epidermis and much attention has been paid to the plants developing trichomes with peculiar structure and function. The present study has been undertaken to examine the trichome type noticed in the leaf epidermis of Althaea rosea using scanning electron microscopy. Four types, namely simple, short-and long-tufted, and glandular hairs, were detected in their epidermis. Their Distribution, frequency and structure varied by the development and epidermal surface. The most frequently distinguished type was the tufted ones growing in young leaves of the abaxial epidermis, while the simple hairs were rare throught the examination. The short-tufted hairs branched up to seven times having each branchlet about $160{\sim}210{\mu}m$ in length at maturity. The long-tufted hairs exhibited up to ten branchlets, where branchlets could reach up to $900{\sim}1,000{\mu}m$ long when fully expanded. Glandular trichome was the peltate type comprising $1{\sim}2$ secretory head cells, 2 stalk cells and a basal cell. The short peltate glandular hairs, usually not exceeding $40{\mu}m$, differentiated more along the areoles in the adaxial epidermis. The function of these trichomes in A. rosea has been still obscure, but it has been speculated that they probably play a role in protection; non-glandular ones possibly providing a defense against insects and secretory glandular type participating in chemical defense. Structural features of these trichomes at cellular level will be discussed in the following study of transmission electron microscopy.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2008

We observed DNA damages as a function of mean absorbed dose to identify the indirect effect of high-energy radiation such as x-ray. Monolayer films of lyophilized pGEM-3Zf(-) plasmid DNA deposited on tantalum foils were exposed to Al $K{\alpha}$ X-ray (1.5 keV) for 0, 3, 7 and 10 min, respectively, in a condition of ultrahigh vacuum state. We compared DNA damages by X-ray irradiation with those by 3 eV electron irradiation. X-ray photons produced low-energy electrons (mainly below 20 eV) from the tantalum foils and DNA damage was induced chiefly by these electrons. For electron beam irradiation, DNA damage was directly caused by 3 eV electrons. Irradiated DNA was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and quantified by ImagaQuant program. The quantities of remained supercoiled DNA after irradiation were linearly decreased as a function of mean absorbed dose. On the other hand, the yields of nicked circular (single strand break, SSB) and interduplex crosslinked form 1 DNA were linearly increased as a function of mean absorbed dose. From this study, it was confirmed that DNA damage was also induced by low energy electrons ($0{\sim}10\;eV$) even below threshold energies for the ionization of DNA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.38-48
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• 2001

A wetland is an ecosystem which is the most useful and highly-energetic transition area. This study has been carried out to develop the wetland function assessment methods and apply on the natural wetlands (Mul-young-ari wetland in Jeju-island and Bangdong wetland in Taejon Metropolitan city) using RAM (Rapid Assessment Method). The RAM is useful method for assessing the wetland functions in terms of general functions acquired by once or twice onsite surveying. Eight functions of 2-12 variables each are analyzed for assessing the wetland functions. The results are as follows : 1) The conservation values of two wetlands are "High". 2) In Mul-young-ari wetland, such functions as groundwater discharge, floral diversity and wildlife habitat, shoreline/stream bank protection are relatively high, but some functions such as flood/storm water storage, aesthetics and recreation are "Moderate" - "High". 3) In Bangdong wetland, such functions as floral diversity and wildlife habitat, groundwater discharge, flood/storm water storage, aesthetics and recreation are high, and another functions are "Moderate" - "High". The taxonomy of this study stems from assessing functions of inland wetlands using indices of RAM. So It is needed that consequent studies are to be performed with verifying the variables and indices.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.501-511
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• 2013

Protecting privacy is an important goal in designing location-based services. Service providers want to verify legitimate users and allow permitted users to enjoy their services. Users, however, want to preserve their privacy and prevent tracking. In this paper, a new framework providing users with more privacy and anonymity in both the authentication process and the querying process is proposed. Unlike the designs proposed in previous works, our framework benefits from a combination of three important techniques: k-anonymity, timed fuzzy logic, and a one-way hash function. Modifying and adapting these existing schemes provides us with a simpler, less complex, yet more mature solution. During authentication, the one-way hash function provides users with more privacy by using fingerprints of users' identities. To provide anonymous authentication, the concept of confidence level is adopted with timed fuzzy logic. Regarding location privacy, spatial k-anonymity prevents the users' locations from being tracked. The experiment results and analysis show that our framework can strengthen the protection of anonymity and privacy of users by incurring a minimal implementation cost and can improve functionality.