• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.241-262
• /
• 2012

Some applications require structural health monitoring in inaccessible components. This paper presents a technique useful for Structural Health Monitoring of double wall structures, such as double wall steam pipes and double wall pressure vessels separated from an ultrasonic transducer by three layers. Detection has been demonstrated at distances in excess of one meter for a fixed transducer. The case presented here is for one of the layers, the middle layer, being a fluid. For certain transducer configurations the wave propagating in the fluid is a wave with low velocity and attenuation. The paper presents a model based on wave theory and finite element simulation; the experimental set-up and observations, and comparison between theory and experiment. The results provide a description of the technique, understanding of the phenomenon and its possible applications in Structural Health Monitoring.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2002

The paper mill wastewater actually generating bulking was used to apply to the spot. Batch and continuous type pilots were used in this study. Optimal time after propagating generation of activated sludge in aeration basin by adding Hoc forming microorganism was 24 and 36hours while optimal time of activated sludge in original aeration basin was 60hours. Showing the difference of sedimentation velocity at 7th day after operating a pilot continuously, SV30 was decreased to 50% at 13th day. COD value in aeration basin with floe forming microorganism was 35mg/L while COD value in original aeration basin was 52mg/L. It was indicated that application of Hoc forming microorganism can control the bulking of paper mill wastewater by shortening of recovery time and improving of pollution removal efficiency.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제3권6호
• /
• pp.78-86
• /
• 1995

The structure of premixed turbulent flames in a constant-volume vessel was investigated using a microprobe method. The flame potential signal having one to eight peaks was detected in the case of turbulent flames, each of them being regarded as a flamelet existing in the flame zone. Based on this consideration, the flame propagation speed, the thickness of the flame zone, the number of flamelets and the separation distance between adjacent flamelets in the flame zone were measured. The experimental resuits of this work suggest the existence of "reactant islands" behind the flame front when the turbulence was intensified to some extent. The critical(lowest) ratio of turbulence intensity to the laminar burning velocity being found to be about 0.7 for the formation of reactant islands in this experiment.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제34권7호
• /
• pp.731-737
• /
• 1997

TixZr1-xC(0$0^{\circ}C$, 5.1 mm/sec respectively. The relative density, three point flexural strength, and the hardness of composites, which was sintered at 190$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 min by using hot-pressing under a pressure of 30 MPa, were 99%, 525 MPa and 24 GPa respectively.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.117-128
• /
• 2016

A theoretical study of Boussinesq equations (BEs) for internal waves propagating in a two-fluid system is presented in this paper. The two-fluid system is assumed to be bounded by two rigid plates. A set of three equations is firstly derived which has three main unknowns, the interfacial displacement and two velocity potentials at arbitrary elevations for upper and lower fluids, respectively. The determination of the optimal BEs requires a solution of depth parameters which can be uniquely solved by applying the $Pad{\acute{e}}$ approximation to dispersion relation. Some wave properties predicted by the optimal BEs are examined. The optimal model not only increases the applicable range of traditional BEs but also provides a novel aspect of internal wave studies.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 1998

저주파 영역의 음파의 투과속도 측정에 기존의 펄스에코방법이나 투과법 (transmission method)가 이용되는 경우, 탐촉자 및 시편의 크기, 시편과 탐촉자 사이의 거 리가 사용하는 음파의 주파수가 작아질수록 대형화되어 측정에 어려움을 나타내게 된다. 따 라서 본 연구에서는 고분자 재료의 음향특성을 평가할 수 있는 간단한 방법으로써 고분자 재료의 주파수에 따른 동적 탄성률(dynamic modulus)을 시간-온도 중첩의 원리를 이용하여 측정하고, 고분자 내에서 저주파 영역의 음파의 전달 속도와 주파수에 따른 탄성율(elastic modulus), 전단 탄성률(shear modulus) 그리고 밀도의 관계식으로부터 음속을 측정하였다. 실험결과 주파수가 증가함에 따라 고분자 재료의 동적 탄성률이 증가하였으며, 음속도 주파 수에 따라 증가하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 폴리우레탄 재료의 음속은 100Hz∼10kHz영역에 서 약1500m/sec에서 3000m/sec를 나타내었다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2013년도 제46회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
• /
• pp.41-43
• /
• 2013

In order to simulate and visually observe combustion phenomena in cylindrical radial-flow porous inert media, a radial multi-channel burner, made of transparent quartz plates, was fabricated. Flame stabilization characteristics and its pulsating instability in the burner were experimentally investigated with respect to various mixture flow rates and equivalence ratio. As a result, five different flame behaviors, such as stable flame, pulsating instability, sudden extinction, blowout and unstable extinction, were observed. Mean radial position of circularly arranged multi-flame and its averaged burning velocity were measured and then compared to the freely propagating flame. The multi-flame pulsation frequency is about several tens of Hz and it is supposed to be generated by the heat diffusion enhancement to cold pre-mixture by the intensive gas-solid interaction.

• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.582-590
• /
• 2007

Imperfectly jointed interface serves as mechanical waveguide for elastic waves and gives rise to two distinct kinds of guided wave propagating along the interface. Contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN) is known to plays major role in the generation of these interface waves called generalized Rayleigh waves in non-welded interface. Closed crack is modeled as non-welded interface that has nonlinear discontinuity condition in displacement across its boundary. Mathematical analysis of boundary conditions and wave equation is conducted to investigate the dispersive characteristics of the interface waves. Existence of the generalized Rayleigh wave(interface wave) in nonlinear contact interface is verified in theory where the dispersion equation for the interface wave is formulated and analyzed. It reveals that the interface waves have two distinct modes and that the phase velocity of anti-symmetric wave mode is highly dependent on contact conditions represented by linear and nonlinear dimensionless specific stiffness.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2008

A 2-D Fluent-based numerical wave tank(FBNWT) capable of simulating wave propagating and overtopping is presented. The FBNWT model is based on the Reynolds averaged Naiver-Stokes equations and VOF free surface tracking method. The piston wave maker system is realized by dynamic mesh technology(DMT) and user defined function(UDF). The non-iteration time advancement(NITA) PISO algorithm is employed for the velocity and pressure coupling. The FBNWT numerical solutions of linear wave propagation have been validated by analytical solutions. Several overtopping problems are simulated and the prediction results show good agreements with the experimental data, which demonstrates that the present model can be utilized in the corresponding analysis.

• 대한금속재료학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.338-343
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to make the tantalum powder for solid electrolyte capacitor with SHS (self-propagating high-temperature synthesis) process. Raw materials for manufacturing Ta powder were used $Ta_{2}O_{5}$, Mg and NaCl. While progressing SHS process, $Ta_{2}O_{5}$ powder was reduced by Mg powder. The combustion temperature and velocity were easily controled by the varying mole ratio of NaCl, Mg and initial reaction pressure. In the case of only using NaCl as an inorganic agent, the shape is unagglomerated and has high surface area. whereas we were given the powder which has good net structure by the addition of excessive Mg as a diluent.