• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.6
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• pp.684-692
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• 2007

The object of this study is to identify the factors that is making and promoting cooperation for the unified forest fire administration, and then introduce cooperation process and cooperation manual for an effective forest management. For this purpose, the case studies were carried about "The East Coastal Forest Fire Administration Center" and "The Forest Fire Administration Center in Mt. Jiri Area" to have obtained excellent results by cooperation among administrative districts, and cooperative factors were extracted through analyzing each steps. That is, cooperation steps were divided into 4 steps of Initiation, Planning, Implementation, Benefiting, and in-depth interview and questionnaires were carried for extracting cooperation factors by each step for the unified cooperative forest management system. And with AHP analysis, essential four factors were extracted by each step based on priority order. Finally with the base of the essential 4 factors by each step, the cooperation process and manual appliable to forestry cooperation project were developed. This will be a guideline in order to achieve successful forest administrations through the cooperation among local administrative governments.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2008

Genetic variation in the human genome occurs on various levels; from the single nucleotide polymorphism to large, microscopically visible chromosome anomalies. It can be present in many forms, including variable number of tandem repeat (VNTRs; e.g., mini- and microsatellites), presence/absence of transposable elements (e.g., Alu elements), single nucleotide polymorphisms, and structural alterations (e.g., copy number variation, segmental duplication, inversion, translocation). Until recently SNPs were thought to be the main source of genetic and phenotypic human variation. However, the use of methods such as array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have revealed the presence of copy number variations(CNVs) ranging from kilobases (kb) to megabases (Mb) in the human genome. There is great interest in the possibility that CNVs playa role in the etiology of common disease such as HIV-1/AIDS, diabetes, autoimmune disease, heart disease and cancer. The discovery of widespread copy number variation in human provides insights into genetic variability among populations and provides a foundation for studies of the contribution of CNVs to evolution and disease.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.129-139
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• 2013

This study was designed to suggest a landscape agreement in order to effectively preserve historical and cultural landscapes at this point of time when many landscape agreements are being concluded for landscape management, to analyze landscape management methods according to the problems of comprehensive and widespread landscape agreements and landscape types and to generalize landscape agreement contents. To begin, sustainable and practical landscape management plans that local people can themselves participate and carry out were proposed, based on historical and cultural landscape preservation guidelines extracted from the consideration of domestic and foreign cases about landscape management by citizen autonomy and participation. The guidelines considered what regional residents would follow by themselves, as well as what should be considered with regard to the accessibility and symbolism of a building's appearance and external spaces designed with the motif of historical and cultural landscapes. The guidelines also pay attention to the maintenance management of outdoor advertisements and facilities in order to maintain a pedestrian-friendly street environment which pursues designs in harmony with the existing historical and cultural landscapes. In addition, the recommended guidelines that are considered less important,are restricting the sizes of buildings, encouraging maintenance management of the details and external spaces to hide building facilities and block them from being exposed and including information about the use of nature-friendly materials, and the management of neon signs in the landscapes and lighting time during the night. These results demonstrate that local residents need to improve the landscapes and change their consciousness by themselves to maintain the historical and cultural landscapes with a sense of tradition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.864-867
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• 2003

GPS (Global Positioning System) made by the Department of Defense in U.S.A is positioning system to use satellite and initially it has been used only for the military forces but open to civilian in about 1987. This system has widely been used for not only surveying land, but also car navigation on the street and means to build up the data of the GIS. With GPS, recently our country is accelerating to make imbeded system and also the study on imbeded system is well under way. For example, Car navigation and the construction of the Seokang bridge between Willson Arch at Han river by using DGPS were evaluated as successful model to lead accurate location with the precision of the cm. The examples of the project performance with GPS has gradually been extended to the each department organization of the local and central government. for the example, It is true that BIS(Bus Information System) is widely spreading out. In addition, the study on the Distribution Maintenance System is expected to be well in progress to take advantage of GPS based on the data base of the NGIS(National Geography Institute System) of the NGI(National Geography Institute). This paper shows that we embodied not only the large imbeded system for car and finding the location in Korean Land Corporation but also the protype of the kinematics Wrist Held which is easily portable to pedestrian, climber and marathon runner.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2020

It is important to estimate the optimal construction cost at the early stage of the project. In this regard, conceptual cost estimate is an important factor for estimate optimal construction cost. However, domestic conceptual cost estimate are only used as cost per unit area according to the building type, and it's accuracy is not high. Hence, the purpose of this study is to calculate the approximate quantity and cost for reinforcing bars, concrete, and formwork by presenting a regression formula based on the total floor area of the common work items in the frame work. In order to verify the accuracy and validity of the regression formula presented in this study, a comparative analysis was performed by applying the regression formula and the traditional approximate quantity take-off method to real cases. As a result, the estimated error rate of the traditional method was -102~+55%, and exceeded the estimated conceptual cost estimate accuracy range of -50~+100% suggested by AACE(American Association of Cost Engineering). On the other hand, the error rate of the regression formula method presented in this study was -6.4~+11.62%. This can be used not only for conceptual cost estimate range of accuracy, but also for detailed estimates. However, it is necessary to analyze the factors that affect the unit price as well as quantity in order to calculate the appropriate cost.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.6 s.28
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• pp.133-141
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• 2005

In the resent years, the importance of VE (value engineering) and LCC (life cycle cost) analysis for apartment building construction projects has been fully recognized. Accordingly theoretical models, guidelines, and supporting software systems were developed for the value engineering and life cycle cost analysis for construction management including large building systems. However, the level of consensus on VE and LCC analysis results is still low due to the lack of reliable data on maintenance. This paper presents time dependent LCC model based value analysis method for rational investment decision making and design alternative selection for construction of apartment building. The proposed method incorporates a time dependent LCC model and a performance evaluation technique by fuzzy logic theory to properly handle the uncertainties associated with statistics data and to analyze the value of alternatives more rationally. The presented time dependent VE and LCC analysis procedure were applied to a real world project, and this case study is discussed in the paper. The model and the procedure presented in this study can greatly contribute to design value engineering alternative selection, the estimation of the life cycle cost, and the allocation of budget for apartment building construction projects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.396-401
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• 2006

A "Housing Performance Grade Indication System" that is bound to present the grade in housing designs has been executed since January 2006 in order to build sustainable housing and supply high quality housing. Thus, users are able to select their housing based on certain comparisons in housing performances, and providers can be exactly evaluated using precise standards according to the execution of this system. The objective of this study is to propose a guideline in designs according to the grade of housing as a reasonable decision making tool in order to obtain a high grade in housing performance grades under the execution of the "Housing Performance Grade Indication System". In order to perform this goal, this study examines the performance evaluation item and evaluation guidelines in the "Housing Performance Grade Indication System" and analyzes relative systems and guidelines executed in the present time to investigate certain relativeness for this system. The housing performance evaluation item can be classified four different categories according to the characteristics of evaluation guidelines. Then, the system of a design guideline is configured to propose a reasonable design guideline according to the grade of housing performances. It is evident that the design guideline proposed in this paper will support the reasonable decision making to obtain a high grade in housing performances for the designer and constructor in the process of a housing project.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2010

Although work-efficiency of construction machinery is a critical factor for estimating its workable-quantity perunit time, the efficiency figure table presented in the Poom-Sam that is used for Construction Cost Estimation of public sectors in Korea is very subjective for practical usage. In order to suggest objective work-efficiency table for a Pump-Dredger, domestic and overseas documentary records were investigated and on-going construction sites were also visited. Moreover, actual work quantities collected from the site visits were compared with the ones calculated based on the Standard Measurement Methods used in Japan. The research found that the table can be revised by means of detailing down by several factors, namely project type, depth of soil, undersea-site shape, and condition on the sea for better estimation of its workable-quantity. The research will be the foundation for applying the rapid development of Construction Equipment and technology to the appropriate cost estimations and the ground work of related studies.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37C no.11
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• pp.1094-1103
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• 2012

Recently, software industry regarding national defense increases system development of distributed simulation system of M&S based to overcome limit of resource and expense. It is one of key technologies for offering of mutual validation among objects and reuse of objects which are discussed for developing these systems. RTI, implementation of HLA interface specification as software providing these technologies uses Federation Object Model for exchanging information with joined federates in the federation and each federate has a characteristic that is supposed to have identical FOM in the federation. This technology is a software which is to provide the core technology which was suggested by the United state's military M&S standard framework. Simulator, virtual simulation, and inter-connection between military weapons system S/W which executes on network which is M&S's core base technology, and it is a technology which also can be used for various inter-connection between S/W such as game and on-line phone. These days although RTI is used in military war game or tactical training unit field, there is none in Korea. Also, it is used in mobile-game, distribution game, net management, robot field, and other civilian field, but the number of examples are so small and informalized. Through this developing project, we developed the core technique and RTI software and provided performance of COTS level to improve communication algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.822-827
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• 2019

There is a high demand for off-base dwellings around Camp Humphreys in Pyeongtaek in accordance with the USFK base relocation project, but their residential planning needs to reflect their requirements. On the other hand, no studies that examined their requirements directly have been found. This study examined the requirements of USFK stationed in Camp Humphreys to identify their requirements. In general, residential planning requires a determination of the demand-based location and size, identification of the facility elements required for the site plan, and analysis of detailed architectural planning elements required for the building plan. Among these, preference analysis of the off-base dwelling demand, location, and site planning elements were performed in this study, and the architectural planning elements were left as following studies. The analysis showed that the demand for off-base dwellings is high, rental houses are preferred, and the commuting time is the most important factor in the location. In addition, while enjoying urban convenience, the location of the foothills near nature is preferred, the importance of the orientation is low and living with Koreans is not a problem. In addition, the demands for exercise facilities in the complex are relatively high.