• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.180-200
• /
• 2015

The problems current robotic technology education class has are the students with different basic background knowledge levels and the class based on the instructional teaching method. This study shows the implementation of the student teams achievement divisions (STAD) learning model into an introductory robotic technology education class to resolve the problems in the current robotic technology class. The STAD learning model focuses on the ability of each team member with different knowledge levels and make team members help each other through class activities such as assignments and a project. All members get rewarded by their performance output as a team in a course grade. The outputs of STAD learning models were measured by paired sample t-test as pre-test and post-test in terms of students's transition on basic knowledge for robotic technology, students' attitudinal transition on teaching robotic technology class, and students' competencies and self-efficacy on related subject areas. The study participants were 22 pre-service technology teachers at a university. The results show that all four measured areas were improved significantly, compared to pre-test with respect to the means scores of each measurement area. The STAD learning model could be an alternate for the current robotic technology class to deliver the better class outcomes for students under the specific circumstances.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.555-562
• /
• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity has become a global epidemic. Development of effective and sustainable programs to promote healthy behaviors from a young age is important. This study developed and tested an intervention program designed to promote healthy eating and physical activity among young children in South Korea by adaptation of the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Mission X (MX) Program. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The intervention program consisted of 4 weeks of fitness and 2 weeks of nutrition education. A sample of 104 subjects completed pre- and post- surveys on the Children's Nutrition Acknowledgement Test (NAT). Parents were asked for their children's characteristics and two 24-hour dietary records, the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) at baseline and a 6-week follow-up. Child weight status was assessed using Korean body mass index (BMI) percentiles. RESULTS: At baseline, 16.4% (boy: 15.4%; girl: 19.2%) of subjects were overweight or obese (based on $BMI{\geq}85%tile$). Fat consumption significantly decreased in normal BMI children ($48.6{\pm}16.8g$ at baseline to $41.9{\pm}18.1g$ after intervention, P < 0.05); total NQ score significantly increased from 66.4 to 67.9 (P < 0.05); total NAT score significantly improved in normal BMI children (74.3 at baseline to 81.9 after the program), children being underweight (from 71.0 to 77.0), and overweight children (77.1 at baseline vs. 88.2 after intervention, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The 6-week South Korean NASA MX project is feasible and shows favorable changes in eating behaviors and nutritional knowledge among young children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.833-842
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic feasibility of technology developed by the National Institute of Animal Science used to shorten the raising term of Hanwoo cattle. This technology can address the increasing proportion of feed cost to operating expenses in the industry. The technology maintains quality by high nutrition breeding during the growing period while shortening the fattening period compared to conventional methods for castrated cattle. Our analysis employs the partial budget method, and results are as follows. First, we found that the ratio of shipment in age of less than 29 months has been increasing. Second, the statistical test finds that both the reduction in age of the months for shipment and the increase in dressed weight annually are significant. Third, the benefit of introducing the technology with the self-manufactured TMR accounts for 467,990 won per head/time. This result is strong evidence for prioritizing and extending pilot projects. In order to further expand this technology in the future, problems, limitations, and obstacles to introduction should be additionally disclosed for participating and non-participating farms after conducting the pilot project.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.15D no.3
• /
• pp.321-326
• /
• 2008

The software defects that are not found in the course of a project frequently appear during the conduct of the maintenance procedure after the complete development of the software. As the frequency of surfacing of defects during the maintenance procedure increases, the cost likewise increases, and the quality and customer reliability decreases. The defect rate will go down only if cause analysis and process improvement are constantly performed. This study embodies the defect tracking system (DTS) by considering the Pareto principle: that most defects are repetitions of defects that have previously occurred. Based on the records of previously occurring defects found during the conduct of a maintenance procedure, DTS tracks the causes of the software defects and provides the developer, operator, and maintenance engineer with the basic data for the improvement of the software concerned so that the defect will no longer be manifested or repeated. The basic function of DTS is to analyze the defect type, provide the measurement index for it, and aggregate the program defect type. Doing these will pave the way for the full correction of all the defects of a software as it will enable the defect correction team to check the measured defect type. When DTS was applied in the software configuration management system of the W company, around 65% of all its software defects were corrected.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.473-483
• /
• 2011

In the recent WTO/DDA negotiations, discussions are progressing to forbid fishery subsidies which have negative effect on the natural environment and the fishery resources and to lower or to eliminate the tariff/non-tariff barriers that distort trade liberalization. As a result, linking to the weak structural environment of Korea's fishing villages; such a scheme has jeopardized the livelihood of fishermen who settle down in local fishing harbors. Against this backdrop, the government is attempting to positively respond to changes in the fishing environment in a number of different ways: promotion of fishing tourism, fishing harbor reinforcement in function, developing fishing villages, and harbors. With respect to investment by priority in fishing harbor development, it is very important to appropriately select investment targets based on objective criteria. A small number of harbors are chosen and investment plans by harbor are systematically devised, economic feasibility and the effects of investment are analyzed and reviewed in relation to each target harbor. This paper is designed to review and assess objective evaluation methods and the degree of importance for the designation of target harbors, dealing with local harbors in Chung Nam Do as a model. Each local government has tried to reorganize existing harbors and develop new harbors, considering a fall in the number of fishing vessels and the expansion of maritime leisure activities. In order to overcome the limit of existing harbors in function, to raise the income of fishermen, and to activate tourism, they have shifted their focus from simple functions such as vessel evacuation and anchoring to harbor beautification, which can work as a basis for fishing tourism. This paper points out that the AHP analysis method for prioritizing local harbors in Chung Nam Do should help to be chosen target harbors in other cities and provinces. Each local government has attempted to reorganize existing harbors and to develop new harbors, taking into consideration the decline in the number of fishing vessels and the expansion of maritime leisure activities. In order to overcome the limited number of functional harbors, to raise the income of fishermen, and to boost tourism, they have shifted their focus from simple functions, such as vessel evacuation and anchoring, to harbor beautification, which can work as a basis for fishing tourism. This paper shows that the AHP analysis method for prioritizing local harbors in Chungcheongnam-do could aid in the effective selection of target harbors in other cities and provinces.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.379-399
• /
• 2008

Spatial-temporal variations in physiochemical water qualities (temperature, salinity, DO, SPM, POC and nutrients) of surface and bottom waters were investigated along the mid-western coastal area (Taean Peninsula to Gomso Bay) of Korea. Spatial distribution patterns of temperature and salinity were mostly controlled by the physical mixing process of freshwater from Geum River and/or Gyunggi Bay with nearby coastal water. A strong tidal front is formed off Taean Peninsula during spring and summer. Seasonal variations in nutrient concentrations, lower in spring and summer and higher in fall and winter, are primarily regulated by magnitude of phytoplankton occurrence rather than freshwater loadings into the bay. Based on seasonal and spatial variability of physicochemical parameters, water quality of the study area can be divided into four water masses; Gyunggi Bay-influenced Water Mass (GBWM), Geum River-influenced Water Mass (GRWM), Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water Mass (YSBCWM) and Cheonsu Bay Water Mass (CBWM). Water quality of the GBWM (Taean Peninsula coastal area), which has relatively low salinity and high concentrations of nutrients, is strongly controlled by the Gyunggi Bay coastal water, which is under influence of the Han River freshwater. In this water mass, the mixed layer is always developed by strong tidal mixing. As a result, a tidal front is formed along the offshore boundary of the mixed layer. Such tidal fronts probably play an important role in the distribution of phytoplankton communities, SPM and nutrients. The GRWM, with low salinity and high nutrients, especially during the flood summer season, is closely related to physiochemical properties of the Geum River. During the flood season, nutrient-enriched Geum River water mass extends up to 60 km away from the river mouth, potentially causing serious environmental problems such as eutrophication and unusual and/or noxious algal blooms. Offshore (<$30{\sim}40m$ in water depth) of the study area, YSBCWM coupled with a strong thermocline can be identified in spring-summer periods, exhibiting abundant nutrients in association with low temperature and limited biological activity. During spring and summer, a tidal front is formed in a transition zone between the coastal water mass and bottom cold water mass in the Yellow Sea, resulting in intensified upwelling and thereby supplying abundant nutrients to the GBWM and GRWM. Such cold bottom water mass and tidal front formation seems to play an important role in controlling water quality and further regulating physical ecosystem processes along mid-western Korean coastal area.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.25
• /
• pp.3-40
• /
• 2005

Many Korean construction companies have been performing a variety of overseas construction projects since the 1970s. It is unfortunate that in many cases they have had to suffer big losses caused by errors and defects in the design and construction of the projects. In the author's opinion, however, there were losses that could have been avoided if they had understood better the feature and content of the particular construction contract. Few lawyers and scholars in Korea have been interested in the research and study of international construction contracts. This is mainly because they do not have access to practical sources outside of Korea for them to research and study since the contracts undertaken have been dealt with by law firms in other jurisdictions to which the disputes apply. This article is aiming primarily at the introduction of the issues which the practitioners are likely to confront in the process of reviewing and performing the international construction contract. In some cases solutions are sought about these issues based upon the FIDIC standard terms and conditions, the actual experience of practice, and UNIDROIT Principles, etc. It is reasonable to say that all the issues related to the international construction contract cannot be covered in a short article like this. The author wishes this article could induce subsequent studies on international construction contracts for further research. It has to be noted that from time to time Korean construction practices have been compared to the international ones for better understanding. This article mostly includes cases where the Korean construction companies go overseas for their projects, while there are some cases where foreign developers and financial investors participated in domestic projects in which international construction contracts forms were adopted. A few precedent domestic writings about international construction contracts seems to lack emphasis on the points that there are several standard construction contract forms and that they are different. The differences are mainly in accordance with who bears the design responsibility, how the owner has to make progress payments to the contractor and who the funding source for the project is. This article tries to make it clear that there are significant differences between the standard contract forms, e.g. a simple construction form, a design-build form and an EPC/turnkey form of contract. Again, the author hopes that this article can arouse the interest in the international construction contracts from both academic and practical fields, so that many subsequent advanced articles can help our construction industry become much more competitive in the world through awareness of the methods of procurement and administration of the contracts.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2010

Cold in-place recycling (CIR) using emulsified asphalt or foamed asphalt has become a more common practice in rehabilitating the existing asphalt pavement due to its cost effectiveness and the conservation of paving materials. As CIR continues to evolve, the engineered emulsified asphalt was developed to improve the field performances such as coating, raveling, retained stability value and curing time. The main objective of this research is to compare the laboratory responses of the engineered emulsified asphalt (CIR-EE) mixtures against the foamed asphalt (CIR-foam) mixtures using the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)materials collected from the CIR project on U.S. 20 Highway in Iowa. Based on the visual observation of laboratory specimens, the engineered emulsified asphalt coated the RAP materials better than the foamed asphalt because the foamed asphalt is to create a mastic mixture structure rather than coating RAP materials. Given the same compaction effort, CIR-EE specimens exhibited lesser density than CIR-foam specimens. Both Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength of CIR-EE specimens were about same as those of CIR-foam specimens. However, Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength of the vacuum-saturated wet specimens of CIR-EE mixtures were higher than those of CIR-foam mixtures. After four hours of curing in the room temperature, the CIR-EE specimens showed less raveling than the CIR-foam specimens. On the basis of test results, it can be concluded that the CIR-EE mixtures is less susceptible to moisture and more raveling resistant than CIR-foam mixtures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2014

This study intended for Cheongryongsan Community Garden in Gwanak-gu, one of the demonstration places for 'Community Garden' Project recently implemented by the Seoul Government. This study had two major purposes: investigating the current status of the management and usage and identifying its characteristics; investigating users' awareness to consider the construction and operation directions of sustainable community gardens. This study was conducted based on several surveys such as an investigation into the spatial configuration and the management system of parks through a field study, a use survey through a questionnaire survey for vegetable garden users and an awareness survey about the construction direction of gardens direction preferred by users through the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). As a result of a questionnaire survey for vegetable garden users, the usage status was summarized as follows: Considering the common trends in the 2012 and the 2013 user survey, women used Cheongryongsan Vegetable Garden more than men. Over fifties used it most of all users. Users were mostly neighborhood residents. They used to visit there three to five times a week and stayed for about 30 minutes to one hour. Users differently responded to the question related to the order of priority for the use of the garden in the 2012 and the 2013 survey. They had increasingly used it for individuals' production activities more than social exchanges. As a result of making an AHP analysis for general park users, vegetable garden users there were clear differences in the targets which each subject put emphasis on in relation to the construction and operation of vegetable gardens. General park users recognized a vegetable garden as a park where park functions and the functions of the vegetable garden coexisted. On the other hand, vegetable garden users viewed it as a space where they attached importance to the functions of the vegetable garden like an allotment. Last, this study contemplated subjects related to the construction and operation of vegetable gardens which had to be considered in the future. Vegetable gardens tended to be biased as personal hobby places. It was viewed that the main reason was insufficient support activities for vegetable garden education and exchange programs originally planned when vegetable gardens had been constructed. Vegetable garden users recognized vegetable gardens as places for individuals' farming activities like allotments. For the desirable operation of vegetable gardens, it would be necessary to give priority to the park management before the production activities in individuals' vegetable gardens. The important role of the government would be to build the base through the provision of education and opportunities so that a local resident organization could actively participate in the management of a vegetable garden after a vegetable garden was constructed. It would be necessary to make a use survey and an awareness survey for users conducted in this study on a regular basis because the surveys could be important basic data in the decision-making process for the sustainable operations of the vegetable garden.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.36 no.2_1
• /
• pp.103-119
• /
• 2020

Recently, the rapid redeposition and erosion of rivers artificially created by climate change and the Four Rivers Restoration Project is questionable. According to the revised law in Korea, the river management agency will periodically carry out bed changes surveys. However, there are technical limitations in contrast to the trend of increasing spatial coverage, density and narrowing of intervals. National organizations are interest in developing innovative bed changessurvey techniquesfor efficiency. Core of bathymetry survey is to measure the depth of rivers under a variety of river conditions, but that is relatively more risky, time-consuming and expensive compared to conventional ground surveys. To overcome the limitations of traditional technology, echo sounder, which has been mainly used for ocean depth surveying, has been applied to rivers. However, due to various technical limitations, it is still difficult to periodically investigate a wide range of areas. Therefore, technique using the remote sensing has been spotlighted as an alternative, especially showing the possibility of depth measurement using spectral characteristics. In this study, we develop and examine a technique that can measure depth of water using reflectance from spectral characteristics. As a result of applying the technique proposed in thisstudy, it was confirmed that the measured depth and the correlation and error corresponding to 0.986 and 0.053 m were measured in the depth range within 0.95 m. In the future, this study could be applied to the measurement of spatial depth if it is applied to the hyperspectral sensor mounted on the drone.