• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.437-456
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• 2016

This study, based on the need for department of LIS education program that targets training of subject-special librarian, focuses on proving that such education can improve perception of subject-special librarian and strengthen career decision-making. This study is composed of two parts. First, this study investigates case studies about subject-special librarian cultivation. Second, this study includes a survey about subject-special librarian, improving understanding about subject-special librarian, and improving career decision-making which was carried out targeting students who take 'Medical Terms and MeSH', and 'Health & Medical Information Sources' courses. Results are as follows. First, most of the respondents felt the need for medical librarian and medical information services (88.7%), understood the role of medical librarian (92.5%), got to know more about the types and functions of medical information services (100%), and came to be more aware of the self-esteem a medical librarian feels as a professional. Second, relatively, the percentage of respondents who demonstrated the willingness to work at a medical library (45.3%) or work in the field of medical information services (26.4%) was noticeably low. Third, there were no statistical difference in whether the students took related courses or not, number of courses they took and difference in their school year, and in regard of the level of understanding of medical librarian and medical information services, those who took courses demonstrated higher understanding than did those who did not take those courses. Also, those who took the courses showed stronger willingness to work as a medical librarian. Fourthly, the curriculum carried out by the department of library and information service was effective in understanding medical librarian and medical information services, but makes students more cautious about deciding whether or not to start their career at a medical library. Lastly, it was recommended that there is a need to have the curriculum updated in order to help students overcome the difficulty and unfamiliarity they feel about medical subject.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.904-910
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• 2016

Complex traits are determined by the combined effects of many loci and are affected by gene networks or biological pathways. Systems biology approaches have an important role in the identification of candidate genes related to complex diseases or traits at the system level. The gene network analysis has been performed by diverse types of methods such as gene co-expression, gene regulatory relationships, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and genetic networks. Moreover, the network-based methods were described for predicting gene functions such as graph theoretic method, neighborhood counting based methods and weighted function. However, there are a limited number of researches in livestock. The present study systemically analyzed genes associated with 102 types of economic traits based on the Animal Trait Ontology (ATO) and identified their relationships based on the gene co-expression network and PPI network in cattle. Then, we constructed the two types of gene network databases and network visualization system (http://www.nabc.go.kr/cg). We used a gene co-expression network analysis from the bovine expression value of bovine genes to generate gene co-expression network. PPI network was constructed from Human protein reference database based on the orthologous relationship between human and cattle. Finally, candidate genes and their network relationships were identified in each trait. They were typologically centered with large degree and betweenness centrality (BC) value in the gene network. The ontle program was applied to generate the database and to visualize the gene network results. This information would serve as valuable resources for exploiting genomic functions that influence economically and agriculturally important traits in cattle.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.137-149
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• 2019

This study described the status of snack intake and personality of middle school students, determined the differences in snack intake and personality according to gender and grade levels, and examined the effect of snack intake on personality. Data were collected from a self-reported survey from students of a middle school in Gwangju city and 717 questionnaires used for the analyses. The data were analyzed for frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's α, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/PC 18.0 program. The results obtained were as follows. First, as for the snack intake frequency, '1~2 times per a day' had the largest number of responses(42.3%), followed by 'sometimes'(37.6%), '2~3 times per a day'(12.6%), 'never'(7.5%). As for the reason of snack intake, 'habitually'(27.3%) had the largest number of responses, followed by 'insufficient amount of meal'(21.0%), 'skipping meals'(13.6%), and 'stress relief'(8.2%). Mean score of agreeableness was the highest(3.64) among the personality components followed by Openness/intellect(3.42), Extraversion(3.36), Conscientiousness(3.15), and Emotional Stability(3.09) on the 5-point scale. Second, there were statistically significant differences in Emotional Stability depending on the gender. There were statistically significant differences in Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Openness/intellect by the grade level. Third, fruit intake frequency had statistically significant influence on Extraversion(β=.134). Intake frequency of bread(β=-.099), fruit(β=.142), ice cream(β=.092), and rice cake(β=.090) had statistically significant influence on Agreeableness. Intake frequency of bread(β=.105), drink(β=-.113), fruit(β=.113), and flour-based food(β=-.126) had statistically significant influence on Emotional Stability. Intake frequency of fruit(β=.106) and milk(β=.110) had statistically significant influence on Openness/intellect. Intake frequency of fruit had statistically positive influence on all the personality components. Intake frequency of rice cake had statistically positive influence on two personality components. Intake frequency of drinks had statistically negative influence on Emotional Stability. The outcomes indicate that snack intake affects the personality of adolescents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1993.06a
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• pp.975-976
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• 1993

This talk presents the overview of the author's research and development activities on fuzzy inference hardware. We involved it with two distinct approaches. The first approach is to use application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) technology. The fuzzy inference method is directly implemented in silicon. The second approach, which is in its preliminary stage, is to use more conventional microprocessor architecture. Here, we use a quantitative technique used by designer of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) to modify an architecture of a microprocessor. In the ASIC approach, we implemented the most widely used fuzzy inference mechanism directly on silicon. The mechanism is beaded on a max-min compositional rule of inference, and Mandami's method of fuzzy implication. The two VLSI fuzzy inference chips are designed, fabricated, and fully tested. Both used a full-custom CMOS technology. The second and more claborate chip was designed at the University of North Carolina(U C) in cooperation with MCNC. Both VLSI chips had muliple datapaths for rule digital fuzzy inference chips had multiple datapaths for rule evaluation, and they executed multiple fuzzy if-then rules in parallel. The AT & T chip is the first digital fuzzy inference chip in the world. It ran with a 20 MHz clock cycle and achieved an approximately 80.000 Fuzzy Logical inferences Per Second (FLIPS). It stored and executed 16 fuzzy if-then rules. Since it was designed as a proof of concept prototype chip, it had minimal amount of peripheral logic for system integration. UNC/MCNC chip consists of 688,131 transistors of which 476,160 are used for RAM memory. It ran with a 10 MHz clock cycle. The chip has a 3-staged pipeline and initiates a computation of new inference every 64 cycle. This chip achieved an approximately 160,000 FLIPS. The new architecture have the following important improvements from the AT & T chip: Programmable rule set memory (RAM). On-chip fuzzification operation by a table lookup method. On-chip defuzzification operation by a centroid method. Reconfigurable architecture for processing two rule formats. RAM/datapath redundancy for higher yield It can store and execute 51 if-then rule of the following format: IF A and B and C and D Then Do E, and Then Do F. With this format, the chip takes four inputs and produces two outputs. By software reconfiguration, it can store and execute 102 if-then rules of the following simpler format using the same datapath: IF A and B Then Do E. With this format the chip takes two inputs and produces one outputs. We have built two VME-bus board systems based on this chip for Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The board is now installed in a robot at ORNL. Researchers uses this board for experiment in autonomous robot navigation. The Fuzzy Logic system board places the Fuzzy chip into a VMEbus environment. High level C language functions hide the operational details of the board from the applications programme . The programmer treats rule memories and fuzzification function memories as local structures passed as parameters to the C functions. ASIC fuzzy inference hardware is extremely fast, but they are limited in generality. Many aspects of the design are limited or fixed. We have proposed to designing a are limited or fixed. We have proposed to designing a fuzzy information processor as an application specific processor using a quantitative approach. The quantitative approach was developed by RISC designers. In effect, we are interested in evaluating the effectiveness of a specialized RISC processor for fuzzy information processing. As the first step, we measured the possible speed-up of a fuzzy inference program based on if-then rules by an introduction of specialized instructions, i.e., min and max instructions. The minimum and maximum operations are heavily used in fuzzy logic applications as fuzzy intersection and union. We performed measurements using a MIPS R3000 as a base micropro essor. The initial result is encouraging. We can achieve as high as a 2.5 increase in inference speed if the R3000 had min and max instructions. Also, they are useful for speeding up other fuzzy operations such as bounded product and bounded sum. The embedded processor's main task is to control some device or process. It usually runs a single or a embedded processer to create an embedded processor for fuzzy control is very effective. Table I shows the measured speed of the inference by a MIPS R3000 microprocessor, a fictitious MIPS R3000 microprocessor with min and max instructions, and a UNC/MCNC ASIC fuzzy inference chip. The software that used on microprocessors is a simulator of the ASIC chip. The first row is the computation time in seconds of 6000 inferences using 51 rules where each fuzzy set is represented by an array of 64 elements. The second row is the time required to perform a single inference. The last row is the fuzzy logical inferences per second (FLIPS) measured for ach device. There is a large gap in run time between the ASIC and software approaches even if we resort to a specialized fuzzy microprocessor. As for design time and cost, these two approaches represent two extremes. An ASIC approach is extremely expensive. It is, therefore, an important research topic to design a specialized computing architecture for fuzzy applications that falls between these two extremes both in run time and design time/cost. TABLEI INFERENCE TIME BY 51 RULES {{{{Time }}{{MIPS R3000 }}{{ASIC }}{{Regular }}{{With min/mix }}{{6000 inference 1 inference FLIPS }}{{125s 20.8ms 48 }}{{49s 8.2ms 122 }}{{0.0038s 6.4㎲ 156,250 }} }}

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.818-827
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify food consumption patterns of the elderly and factors affecting them to improve their dietary health. Data from 1,172 elderly subjects (over 65 years old) from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1) were used in our analysis. Validity and reliability analyses of food consumption frequency allowed the identification of seven factors: fruits, foods for Korean style meal, instant foods, alcohols, carbohydrate-rich snacks, vegetables, and legumes/mixed grains. Food consumption patterns were classified into four groups (according to the food consumption frequency) using cluster analysis. Cluster 4 showed a significantly higher food consumption frequency and Cluster 3 had a relatively high overall food consumption frequency but lower alcohol consumption frequency compared to the other clusters. Cluster 2 was characterized by a generally low food consumption frequency but a significantly higher alcohol consumption frequency. Cluster 1 showed a generally low food consumption frequency; however, the consumption frequency of legumes/mixed grains was higher than Cluster 2. Further analysis showed that the food consumption patterns of the elderly were affected by variables such as gender, age, town, economic status, education level, family type, and frequency of eating out. We conclude that a proper nutritional education program should be conducted to address specific dietary problems for each elderly segment.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.164-188
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of undergraduates of the college of education on the importance of certification areas and factors suggested by the certification system at each department level as well as the college as a whole, in order to come up with measures for further improvement. The specific objectives of this study are first, verifying different perception on the importance of certification areas and factor per department, second, verifying different perception on the importance of certification areas and factor per grade. The population of this study is undergraduates of the college of education at A University, and the survey on the different perception on the importance was conducted on 758 students of 10 departments. Total 800 copies of survey were distributed, and 299 copies or 37.3% were retrieved. First, it was found that undergraduates of the college of education at A University highly recognize the necessity of a new system to produce excellent teachers. when it comes to different department, in the area of teaching personalities, there is difference in the importance of teaching aptitude test and completion of social intelligence development program. In the area of teaching expertise, there is different perception in the importance of completion of curriculum education subjects per major, completion of curriculum contents per major, and participation in teaching demonstration contest. In the area of student guidance expertise, there is difference by department in completion of creative character development related education programs and "teaching practice" course. In the area of communication skills in the information society, minimum score requirement for a second foreign language is considered less important than others. Second, as for grade, freshmen highly recognize the importance of validity of teaching training course, integrity of the course, validity of the teaching training course in producing excellent teachers, graduates' job performing ability development as a teacher, appropriacy of curriculum of the college of education in producing excellent teachers, compared to other grades. In particular, seniors consider the necessity of a new system to produce excellent teachers the most.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

This study focused on establishing a natural rainwater circulation system using rainwater meant for relatively large urban development projects such as a new town development. In particular, when the location selection techniques for individual elements of a natural rainwater circulation system are developed for the integrated rainwater management, changes in hydrological environment will be minimized and the natural water circulation would be restored to realize the low impact development (LID). In that case, not only the excess will be reduced but water space and green areas in a city would also increase to improve the urban sustainability. First of all, there were five elements selected for the location selection of a rainwater circulation system intended for the integrated rainwater management: rainwater collection, infiltration, filtration, retention and movement spaces. After generating these items, the location selection items and criteria were defined for each of the five elements. For a technique to apply the generated evaluation items and criteria, a grid cell analysis was conducted based m the suitability index theory, and thematic maps were overlapped through suitability assessment of each element and graded based on the suitability index. The priority areas were identified for each element. The developed technique was applied to a site where Gim-cheon Innovation City development is planned to review its feasibility and limitations. The combined score of the overlapped map for each element was separated into five levels: very low, low, moderate, high and very high. Finally, it was concluded that creating a rainwater circulation system conceptual map m the current land use plan based on the outcome of the application would be useful in building a water circulation system at the de1ailed space planning stage after environmental and ecological planning. Furthermore, we use the results of this study as a means for environment-friendly urban planning for sustainable urban development.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7524-7533
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of purple sweet potato(PSP) intake and aerobic combined exercise in obese middle school girls. Twenty-four, obese(%body fat > 30%) middle school girls composed of the purple sweet potato intake and aerobic combined exercise group(A, n=6), the aerobic combined exercise group(B, n=6), the purple sweet potato intake group(C, n=6), the control group(D, n=6). The variables of health related fitness, blood lipid profile, insulin resistance were measured in all the subjects before the start and after the end of 12 week aerobic combined exercise program(40~70%HRR, 3 times per week, 70 mins). The test data were analyzed by paired t-test and one way ANOVA, and the alpha level of p<.05 was set for all tests of significance. In the comparison within each group, %body fat[A(p<.01), C(p<.05) groups], TC[A(p<.05), B(p<.01), C(p<.01) groups] and insulin resistance[A(p<.05) group] were significantly decreased and LBM[A(p<.01), B(p<.01) groups], muscular strength[A(p<.01), B(p<.001), C(p<.05) groups], muscular endurance[A(p<.05), B(p<.001) groups], flexibility[A(p<.05), B(p<.01) groups] and cardiorespiratory endurance[A(p<.05), B(p<.001), C(p<.01) groups] were significantly increased. In the comparison between groups, A group was significantly decreased in %body fat, TC and TG than D group(p<.05). A group was significantly increased in muscular strength and cardiorespiratory endurance than C, D groups (p<.05). A group was significantly increased in muscular endurance and HDL-C than D group(p<.05). A, B groups were significantly increased in flexibility than D group(p<.05). A, B, C groups were significantly decreased in insulin resistance than D group(p<.05). In conclusion, purple sweet potato intake and aerobic combined exercise were effective in improving the health related fitness, blood lipid profile and insulin resistance in obese middle school girls.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.133-149
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• 2014

One of the main purposes of universities is to create new intellectual resources that will increase social values. These intellectual resources include academic research papers, lecture notes, patents, and creative ideas produced by both professors and students. However, intellectual resources in universities are often not distributed to the actual users or companies; and moreover, they are not even systematically being managed inside of the universities. Therefore, it is almost impossible for companies to access the knowledge created by university students and professors to utilize them. Thus, the current level of knowledge sharing between universities and industries are very low. This causes a great extravagant with high-quality intellectual and human resources, and it leads to quite an amount of social loss in the modern society. In the 21st century, the creative ideas are the key growth powers for many industries. Many of the globally leading companies such as Fedex, Dell, and Facebook have established their business models based on the innovative ideas created by university students in undergraduate courses. This indicates that the unconventional ideas from young generations can create new growth power for companies and immensely increase social values. Therefore, this paper suggests of a new platform for intellectual properties distribution with university-industry cooperation. The suggested platform distributes intellectual resources of universities to industries. This platform has following characteristics. First, it distributes not only the intellectual resources, but also the human resources associated with the knowledge. Second, it diversifies the types of compensation for utilizing the intellectual properties, which are beneficial for both the university students and companies. For example, it extends the conventional monetary rewards to non-monetary rewards such as influencing on the participating internship programs or job interviews. Third, it suggests of a new knowledge map based on the relationships between key words, so that the various types of intellectual properties can be searched efficiently. In order to design the system platform, we surveyed 120 potential users to obtain the system requirements. First, 50 university students and 30 professors in humanities and social sciences departments were surveyed. We sent queries on what types of intellectual resources they produce per year, how many intellectual resources they produce, if they are willing to distribute their intellectual properties to the industries, and what types of compensations they expect in returns. Secondly, 40 entrepreneurs were surveyed, who are potential consumers of the intellectual properties of universities. We sent queries on what types of intellectual resources they want, what types of compensations they are willing to provide in returns, and what are the main factors they considered to be important when searching for the intellectual properties. The implications of this survey are as follows. First, entrepreneurs are willing to utilize intellectual properties created by both professors and students. They are more interested in creative ideas in universities rather than the academic papers or educational class materials. Second, non-monetary rewards, such as participating internship program or job interview, can be the appropriate types of compensations to replace monetary rewards. The results of the survey showed that majority of the university students were willing to provide their intellectual properties without any monetary rewards to earn the industrial networks with companies. Also, the entrepreneurs were willing to provide non-monetary compensation and hoped to have networks with university students for recruiting. Thus, the non-monetary rewards are mutually beneficial for both sides. Thirdly, classifying intellectual resources of universities based on the academic areas are inappropriate for efficient searching. Also, the various types of intellectual resources cannot be categorized into one standard. This paper suggests of a new platform for the distribution of intellectual materials and human resources, with university-industry cooperation based on these survey results. The suggested platform contains the four major components such as knowledge schema, knowledge map, system interface, and GUI (Graphic User Interface), and it presents the overall system architecture.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.91-106
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• 2001

Local government takes an active role in the (re)making of local socio-economic space. To support such an argument, the three different actions by the local government of Taegu, urban planning and local industrial districts, the establishment of special educational institutions, and textile festival are analyzed. The division of the city's space into residential, commercial, and industrial area by local government constrained the location of local manufacturing industries. It also forced textile industry to move to the outskirts of Taegu. As the education level in South Korea rose after the late 1970s, the local government of Taegu as well as local industrial capitalists had to do something to acquire a stable supply of labor to local manufacturing industries, particularly textile one. After the late 1970s, the special classes for the education of local workers, especially textile ones were established within vocational high school and company-operated high schools were also built in Taegu. Finally, local government started a program of textile festival in 1985. Through textile festival, local government as well as local textile business people tried to reproduce textile industry as the main economic activity of Taegu.