• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2005

The single sourcing policy, in which an automobile manufacturer purchases identical or similar parts from one supplier, has an advantage of scale economy. Meanwhile, multiple sourcing policy, which allows procuring similar parts from multiple suppliers, has benefits of dispersing risks and promoting competition among suppliers. This paper analyzes the procurement policies by presenting a model of the Japanese automobile parts trade. It concludes that maturity of technology involved should be taken into account besides above-mentioned factors which have traditionally been recognized. For parts produced using evolving technologies, the single sourcing enhances purchaser’s benefits because of the scale economy in learning process. In the meantime, multiple sourcing is more beneficial to the purchaser if the parts are based on mature technologies. In either policy, if the technology involved is evolving, motivating suppliers by returning a great part of cost reduction as a reward to them may eventually increase profit for the purchaser. The conclusion supports the situation where the number of suppliers is being cut down as the trend of modularization and system deliveries of parts progresses in the auto parts industry, and suggests that returning part of benefits to parts suppliers may be encouraged from the viewpoint of auto manufacturers’ own interest.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

The study investigates the impact of accrual anomaly on stock return ratio of listed firms in Vietnam. Data were collected from listed firms for the period from 2008 to 2018. To learn about the causes of accrual anomaly in returns and future rate of returns on the Vietnamese stock market, this research is based on accrual analysis of Richardson, Sloan, Soliman, and Tuna (2006) on growth and effective components. We employ GLS regression model for examining the impact of accrual anomaly on stock return ratio and T-test for checking the difference between the lowest and the highest portfolio. The results show that accounting distortion is the main factor impacting the stock return, not growth determinant. Both two determinants of accounting distortion and growth contribute the explanation of the impact of accrual anomaly on profit and future stock return ratio. Experimental evidence confirms an abnormal existence of accrual in the Vietnam stock market. Aggregate accrual is negatively correlated with future operating profit and future stock return. However, after considering the factors contributing to the impact of future profitability and return on stock returns, the study results show that accounting distortion can account for low sustainability of income that is not growth.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

Researches based on the pattern of planned behavior holds that the three variables of entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control influence each other and influence entrepreneurial intentions respectively. However, there are also different, even conflicting research conclusions that continue to emerge. Researches based on the pattern of alertness, believe that profit opportunities and individuals' pursuit to truth are the driving forces. Many scholars have demonstrated the impact of individual entrepreneurial alertness on entrepreneurial intentions. However, as an exogenous causal agent, profit opportunities have a logical problem: if there are no other assumptions, the mere existence of opportunities does not adequately explain entrepreneurial alertness. To address this gap, this study considered samples from mainland China, where entrepreneurial activities are very active currently, to test the role that entrepreneurial alertness is assumed to play in the planned behavior model. The results show that the three dimensions of alertness, individually partly intermediate the influence of entrepreneurial attitude on entrepreneurial intention, the influence of subjective norms on entrepreneurial intention, and that of perceived behavior control on entrepreneurial intention. This article studied the production of entrepreneurial intention by integrating the two patterns of planned behavior and alertness through empirical analysis, and opened up a new field for subsequent research on entrepreneurial intention.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.5-10
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• 2014

Since construction work is an indispensable part of daily lives, complaints of noise are unavoidable. Noise control in construction sites is normally known as a regulation by a government and self-motivated noise controls rarely occur. In this paper, a marketing strategy is proposed to provide a potential value of noise control for real estate developer. First, people's perception to construction noise was examined in means of collecting and analyzing media reports between 2005 to 2011. Then decibel test was done in order to test noise generated by different devices in a construction site in various distances. According to the theory of core competency, a conceptual model was raised to illustrate profit and loss situation of the real estate developers in the case they invest more in noise control. The construction noise is discussed that it will ruin people's perception to the company's brand image and reputation. Also, the investment in the creation of silent site is discussed that it will not only bring benefit to the brand image work but also have value of profit in the market.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.78-102
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• 2006

Networks, services and industries have been converging with the advent of digital convergence by technology advancements of digitalization, broadband and interactivity in the areas of information-communication and broadcasting technologies. Especially, this convergence of technology and market has been blurring the boundary of telecommunication and broadcasting sectors, and the severe competition seems to be inevitable due to the lack of the differentiation in broadcasting media and contents. In this study, we regard the competition phenomenon in the digital convergence between telecommunication and broadcasting as the platform competition in two-sided markets which have been actively studied since 2000, and analyzed it using modified Hotelling's location model. According to the analysis of platform competition on the effects of the differentiation of platform (t) , killer component $(\mu)$ and component compatibility $(\theta)$ , it is shown that two differentiated platforms are simultaneously used in case of the decrease of substitution effects, and the profit of platform with killer contents is increased, but the profit of platforms with higher compatibility is decreased. The policy implication is that it is especially necessary to modify the policy and regulation on media contents considering the growing competition in media. On the other hand, differentiated and reasonable policy is required to make fair competition and active market environment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 1994

Consider a canning process where cans are filled with an expensive ingredient. Cans weighting above the specified limit are sold in a regular market for a fixed price, and underfilled cans are emptied and refilled at the expense of a reprocessing cost. In this paper, the effect of measurement error on the determination of the optimal process mean for a canning process is examined. It is assumed that the quantity X of ingredient in a can is normally distributed with unknown mean and known variance, and the observed value Y of X is also normally distributed with known mean and variance. A profit model is constructed which involves selling price. cost of ingredients, reprocessing cost. and cost from an accepted nonconforming can, and methods of finding the optimal process mean and the cutoff value on Y are presented. It is shown that the optimal process mean increases. and the expected profit decreases when the measurement error is relatively large in comparison to the process variance.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2018

Purpose - Typically, retailers will want PB(Private Brand) products to expand to the needs of low-PB loyal customers as well as existing PB(Private Brand) loyal customers. Therefore, a strategy of minimizing the share of the manufacturer brand in the distributor can be considered as a way to maximize the profit of the distributor. Research design, data, and methodology - In the previous study, the researches about the rivalry and conflict between the NB(National Brand) products and the PB products were mainly made. Previous studies did not model inter-national brand-level competition and inter-store competition. In addition, they have focused only on distributors' decisions from the manufacturer's perspective, and assume channel members have the same level of members(Choi, 1996). Results - This paper tries to apply the game theory to researches on how retailers can maximize the benefits of distributing NB(National Brand) products and PB(Private Brand) products, while distributors can also take advantage of their profits. Conclusions - It was found that providing cheap PBs did not help manufacturers and distributors. Distributors and manufacturers' profits were determined by consumers who purchased NB products that were higher in price and higher in perceived quality before providing existing PB products to consumers.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.954-972
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• 2012

Content Delivery Networks (CDN) server loads that fluctuant necessitate CDN to improve its service scalability especially when the peak load exceeds its service capacity. The peer assisted scheme is widely used in improving CDN scalability. However, CDN operators do not want to lose profit by overusing it, which may lead to the CDN resource utilization reduced. Therefore, improving CDN scalability moderately and guarantying CDN resource utilization maximized is necessary. However, when and how to use the peer-assisted scheme to achieve such improvement remains a great challenge. In this paper, we propose a new method called Dynamic Moderate Peer-assisted Method (DMPM), which uses time series analysis to predict and decide when and how many server loads needs to offload. A novel peer-assisted mechanism based on the prediction designed, which can maximize the profit of the CDN operators without influencing scalability. Extensive evaluations based on an actual CDN load traces have shown the effectiveness of DMPM.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1192-1207
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• 2014

Dynamic spectrum sharing is a key technology to improve spectrum utilization in wireless networks. The elastic spectrum management provides a new opportunity for licensed primary users and unlicensed secondary users to efficiently utilize the scarce wireless resource. In this paper, we present a game-theoretic framework for dynamic spectrum allocation where the primary users rent the unutilized spectrum to the secondary users for a monetary profit. In reality, due to the ON-OFF behavior of the primary user, the quantity of spectrum that can be opportunistically shared by the secondary users is limited. We model this situation with the renewal theory and formulate the spectrum pricing scheme with the Bertrand game, taking into account the scarcity of the spectrum. By the Nash-equilibrium pricing scheme, each player in the game continually converges to a strategy that maximizes its own profit. We also investigate the impact of several properties, including channel quality and spectrum substitutability. Based on the equilibrium analysis, we finally propose a decentralized algorithm that leads the primary users to the Nash-equilibrium, called DST. The stability of the proposed algorithm in terms of convergence to the Nash equilibrium is also studied.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.38-53
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• 2001

The price of the hospitals' services is regulated by the governmental health insurance reimbursement schedule in Korea. On the other hand, the emphasis on the quality of care of hospitals service is ever increasing. Under the environment, hospitals have to understand the effects of the activities to improve quality of care on efficiency and on financial performance so that they develop a management strategy that allows quality of care, operational efficiency, and financial achievement simultaneously. This study investigates the relationship among the concepts. The sample for the study includes 23 hospitals that have more than 300 beds. The concept of quality of care is measured by the score reported by the Hospital Standardization Survey (HSS) instituted by Korean Hospital Association. Efficiency is measured by the ratio of number of employee to the number of patients served. Financial performance is measured by the financial ratios indicating the profitability of a hospital. An analysis is performed using the multiple regression. The results show significant positive relationships between the HSS score and efficiency indicators, md between the HSS score and profit measures. However, the significant positive relationship between the HSS score and profit measures disappeared when efficiency indicators were introduced to the model. This study concludes that the structural quality of a hospital has a positive effect on efficiency of the hospital and that the structural qualify indirectly affects the financial performance of a hospital through the improvement of efficiency. Based on the findings, the implications on hospital management and health policy are discussed.