• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.278-288
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze types of shared medical decision making by health professionals in a decision making position. Methods: The Q-methodology was used. Q sample was constructed with a total of 35 Q-statements that were offered with a 9-point rating scale. The statements were structured to generate answers that would form a shape of a normal distribution. Answers to Q sample were analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Results: Four types of shared medical decision making were identified. Type I is patient-centered decision making, Type II is physician-centered, Type III is health professional-centered and Type IV is patient-family-centered. Conclusion: Study results indicate that it is recommended to develop an education program based on the four types of shared medical decision making so that health professionals can be provided with different approaches according to their decision making style.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.923-930
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• 2002

This study aims at developing dialog system to improve the quality of life of the elderly with a dementia. The proposed system mainly consists of three modules including speech recognition, automatic search of the time-sorted dialog database, and agreeable responses with the recorded voices of caregivers. For the first step, the dialog that dementia patients often utter at a nursing home is first investigated. Next, the system is organized to recognize the utterances in order to meet their requests or demands. The system is then responded with recorded voices of professional caregivers. For evaluation of the system, the comparison study was carried out when the system was introduced or not, respectively. The occupational therapists then evaluated a male subjects reaction to the system by photographing his behaviors. The evaluation results showed that the dialog system was more responsive in catering to the needs of dementia patient than professional caregivers. Moreover, the proposed system led the patient to talk more than caregivers did in mutual communication.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.353-361
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• 2014

This study was confirmed nurse's traditional, social, professional and personal image of the dimensional perception of the difference between the majors and non-majors students exist? and Reflected on the role of the media image of nurses are there differences in perception? and Nurses and nurse related information, and information on contacting the media and contacted the media image of the existing research results and is there a difference? For the purpose, we survey the nursing majors and non-majors students. The results follows. First, the traditional nurses, social, professional and personal image perception gap is high. Second, the media reflected the image of the nurse in charge of the secondary role of a doctor about the image is high. Third, the nurse contacted the media about the TV is very high. The results of this study have implications to enable communication between patients and nurses agree that will provide evidence. In particular, the nurses through the use of media(PPL and Publicity strategy) suggest ways to improve the image.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.2-14
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify strategies to enhance the competencies of patient safety coordinators in Korea. Methods: Fourteen participants from nine hospitals were interviewed between May and November 2022. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: As for the strategies to enhance patient safety management competency, 3 themes and 11 sub-themes were derived. The first theme was 'Having individual competence as a patient safety coordinator', and the sub-themes were 'Communication skills with members', 'Flexible thinking from multiple perspectives', and 'Preparing for administrative work competencies that they had not experienced as a nurse.' The second theme was 'Responding strategically to promote improvement activities', and the sub-themes for it were 'Multi-angle approach to the problem', 'A careful approach so as not to be taken as criticism in the field', 'Increasing the possibility of improvement activities through awareness', 'Activating the network between patient safety coordinators', and 'Expanding learning opportunities through patient safety case analysis.' The third theme was 'Obtaining support to facilitate patient safety activities', and the sub-themes for this were 'Improving staff awareness of patient safety', 'Providing a training course for nurse professional of patient safety', and 'Expanding the manpower allocation standard of patient safety coordinators.' Conclusion: This study explored personal competencies such as document writing and computer utilization capabilities, focused on ways to improve the field of patient safety management, and emphasized the need for organizational and political support.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.385-411
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• 2008

The goal of medicine is to contribute to promoting national health by preventing diseases and providing treatment. The scope of modern medicine isn't merely confined to disease testing, treatment and prevention in accordance to that, and making experiments by using the human body is widespread. The advance in modern medicine has made a great contribution to valuing human dignity and actualizing a manly life, but there is a problem that has still nagged modern medicine: treatment and healing for terminal patients including cancer patients. In advanced countries, pain care and hospice medicine are already universal. Offering a helping hand for terminal patients to lead a less painful and more manly life from diverse angles instead of merely focusing on treatment is called the very hospice medicine. That is a comprehensive package of medical services to take care of death-facing terminal patients and their families with affection. That is providing physical, mental and social support for the patients to pass away in peace after living a dignified and decent life, and that is comforting their bereaved families. The National Hospice Organization of the United States provides terminal patients and their families with sustained hospital care and home care in a move to lend assistance to them. In our country, however, tertiary medical institutions simply provide medical care for terminal patients to extend their lives, and there are few institutional efforts to help them. Hospice medicine is offered mostly in our country by non- professionals including doctors, nurses, social workers, pastors or physical therapists. Terminal patients' needs cannot be satisfied in the same manner as those of other patients, and it's needed to take a different approach to their treatment as well. Nevertheless, the focus of medical care is still placed on treatment only, which should be taken seriously. Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs and Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service held a public hearing on May 21, 2008, on the cost of hospice care, quality control and demonstration project to gather extensive opinions from the academic community, experts and consumer groups to draw up plans about manpower supply, facilities and demonstration project, but the institutions are not going to work on hospice education, securement of facilities and relevant legislation. In 2002, Ministry for Health, Welfare & Family Affairs made an official announcement to introduce a hospice nurse system to nurture nurse specialists in this area. That ministry legislated for the qualifications of advanced nurse practitioner and a hospice nurse system(Article 24 and 2 in Enforcement Regulations for the Medical Law), but few specific plans are under way to carry out the regulations. It's well known that the medical law defines a nurse as a professional health care worker, and there is a move to draw a line between the responsibilities of doctors and those of nurses in association with medical errors. Specifically, the roles of professional hospice are increasingly expected to be accentuated in conjunction with treatment for terminal patients, and it seems that delving into possible problems with the job performance of nurses and coming up with workable countermeasures are what scholars of conscience should do in an effort to contribute to the development of medicine and the realization of a dignified and manly life.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.34-54
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• 1995

Occupational health services in Korea have been operated as dual types: one is operated by occupational health care manager and the other is health care agency without their own personnel. The performance of occupational health service should be different due to the variety of characteristics of health care manager and workplace, qualification of health care manager. This study is to analyze performance of occupational health care services with a particular consideration of job, based on comparing those two types of health care management to show on the basic data for the settlement of more qualitative. health care management system at workplace. For this study, total 391 places in Seoul and Inchon city area: 154 places (39.4%) managed by designated. health care manager and 237 places (60.6%) by the agency with their commission are selected as research samples. Tools for data collection are questionnares have been investigated during the period of 20 September 1993-20 December 1993. Those data are compared with percentiles, mean, standard deviation due to the characterstics of each variable and analyzed for impacting factors with relation to the using multiple regression analysis using SPSS PC program, especially using t -test method in order to compare each type of health care management. Conclusions observed from the tests and each comparison could be summerized as follows : 1. Occupational health care have been accomplished at workplaces with designated people than with agencies people, and coverage rate of the occupational health care services has differences, due to management types. The reason of these results is due to visit only one or two times monthly by the agencies, while their own health care manager obsess, at the workplaces all the times. 2. The common sickness management is the most accomplished item in health care area of occupational health care services, while the preventive care and control for the workers who have serious health problems are insufficient in workers health care area. 3. An insufficient accomplishment of overall health education has been shown because it is difficult to perform health education due to almost no chance of the direct introduction at workplaces. Therefore a strong support system for making and supplying the media is necessary in order to activate indirect health education by means of media. 4. Because health care managers and the agencies managers where take the workplaces for this study are almost nurses who have been comparatively high work site rounding rate about an environmental management at the workplaces, that non-profession can also do it, the activities about the professional area not enough. Therefore, an appropriate referral system should be established in order to complement professional area. 5. Two factors which have an effect on the coverage rate of occupational health care services are : one is those from the workplaces such as type of services, the number of workers, the number of harzadous factors and safety & health committee, the other from health care organization about whether there is its own manager or not.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.568-583
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• 1994

In the changing social and economic conditions, reorientation of the health care system is a process of rearranging health care resources keeping in mind the appropriativeness, relevancy, and efficacy of health care programs. Also it has been recognized recently that the CHP program is in need of review for the same reasons, that is to say, the ease in which health care facilities are available, the high rate of coverage with insurance and the development of an effective transportation system. Therefore there is a social inclination to think that there are no remote areas and to question the roles of public health facilities, health centers, health sub centers and CHP posts. This paper was done to review problems and to propose new directions for the CHP system. The findings of this study are as follows ; 1) It is necessary that primary health care should be simplified into three parts, medical treatment, preventive care services and the organization of administration and logistics. Also each department should be supplemented with the appropriate professional personnel in order to develop a task oriented system. The reorientation of the CHP system should be managed in keeping with that of other public health care systems. Therefore it is necessary to look at the CHP system problems as one aspect of the reorientation process of public health care systems, and to work to find new ways to address these problems. 2) The location of the CHP post should be decided by the needs of the community in both the medical and preventive areas. If the people have a minimum need, the location of the CHP post should be altered and the existing roles of the CHP should be modified to allow for flexibility according to the community needs. 3) Use of the problem solving method in regular team meetings will prove to be as efficient as continuing education programs in improving job competancy. 4) The supervision of CHP's activities should be made by the same type professional personnel, that is, senior CHPs or charge nurses in the public health center at the county level. 5) The operational expensies of CHP post should be supported by the administrative department of the public health center and should create working conditions that will allow the CHP to concentrate on community health service programs. 6) The organizations for community participation, working committees, community health workers and a number of the local assembly, should be activated to provide for participation in finding solutions to health related problems in the com-munity.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.782-798
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• 1996

This study was a survey done for the purpose of constructing a nursing theory according to Korean culture and to identify the traditional Korean view of humans and the expectations of the sick role, and to confirm changes from the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role according to general characteristics of the population. The subjects were all adults over 18 years old. 517 who lived in six large cities and 191 who lived in five rural communities. Data collection was done from November 19th, 1994 to January 19th, 1995 using a tool to measure the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role which was developed by the investigator through a literature review. Collected data were analyzed using frequency, percent, Cronbach alpha, 1-test, F-test and Scheffe post hoc contrasts, with the SAS program. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The Traditional view of human score for all subject was 49.92, which shows that Korean traditional view of human is moderate. High scored items were "human need to live by making harmony with nature, not by overcoming the nature" (3.44), "Filial duty to parents and elders is important" (3.31), "Think of family more than a individual" (2.96). 2. The differences in the traditional view of humans between residential districts showed that the residents of Chungbuk(56.00), Kyungbuk(55.26), Chonbuk(51.32), Taegu(50.59) had a more traditional view of humans than those in Pusan(45.42) and Seoul (47.27). 3. The differences in the traditional view of humans according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, males, older people, people with lower levels of education, married and house-resident groups had a significantly higher traditional view of humans than urban residents, females, younger people, people with a higher levels of education, single and apartment-resident groups. There were differences according to religion and job. Buddhism had a higher traditional view of humans than those of atheism, Christianity and Catholicism and physical workers, a significantly highers score, than technicians and professional workers. 4. Daily expected task performance during illnesses was lowest for patients with stroke (2.16) and psychosis(2.40), in which case almost no daily general tasks were expected, followed by arthritis 4.06, peptic ulcer 4.79, headache 4.99 and cough 5.58. The amount of expected role exemption during illnesses was also highest for stroke(2.25), followed by psychosis(2.08), arthritis(1.64), peptic ulcer(1.29), headache(1.16) and cough(1.09). The amount of daily task performance in the acute stage(3.05) was significantly lower than that of convalescent stage(4.95). 5. Total expectation of role exemption according to general characteristics showed that there was no significant differences in urban /rural community, marriage, level of education and religion. By sex, women showed higher expectation of role exemption during illnesses than men. By age, the 31-40 year old group showed lower expectation of role exemption than the 41-50 year old group or over the 61 year old group.or over the 61 year old group.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.359-371
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of testing the effect of health education on the performance of health promoting behavior in college students, and identifying the factors affecting health promoting behaviors. A Nonequivalent control group posttest research design was used. Two hundred thirty college students at K College in T city were studied. Of them, 114 who attended a systematic health education session for three hours a week during one semester were the experimental group. And 116 college students who were chosen of matched sampling of grade, class and sex were the control group. This study was conducted from March 1 to July 2, 1995. The instruments used for this study included a survey of general characteristics, perceived health status, self-esteem, health promoting behavior and health locus of control. Analysis of data was done by use of mean, 1-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) The average item score for the health promoting behavior was low at 2.52. In the sub-categories, the highest degree of performance was ‘harmonious relationships’, following ‘sanitary life’, ‘self-esteem’, ‘rest and sleep’, and ‘emotional support’ and the lowest degree was ‘professional health management’. 2) Hypothesis 1 that the college students who get health education will have a higher degree of health promoting behavior than the college students who do not get health education was accepted. There was a statistically significant difference between the average of the experimentalgroup, 2.60, and the average of the control group, 2.45.（t＝11.30, p＝0.0009）. 3) Hypothesis 2 that the college students who get health education will have a higher score of perceived health status than college students who do not get the health education was rejected. （t＝1.13, p＝0.289） 4) Performance of health promoting behavior was positively correlated with self-esteem and grade and negatively correlated with perceived health status. 5) The most important factor affecting performance of health promoting behavior was self-esteem. The following suggestions are made based on the above results : 1) Replication of the research is needed to confirm effects of health education. 2) More effective health education programs need to be developed through by modification of teaching methods and content analysis of health education. 3) Other factors affecting health promoting behavior should be identified. 4) Nursing colleges or departments of nursing should make an effort to develop and carry out various health education programs for the health promotion of all college students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.98-113
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• 1995

The purpose of this study were two fold : first, to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on BP, pulse rate, body fat, body weight, symptoms of sterss response: and secondly, to apply the aerobic exercise on nursing practice in the healthy or ill subjects. In an attempt to investigate the physiological and psychological effect of exercise, a quasi -experiment, non-equivalent control group pre-test & post-test design was planned. Experiments were carried out from July 4, through August 30, 1994 with 37 subjects conveniently sampled from K & Y sports center located in Taejon. The 37 research subjects were assigned to experimental(16 subjects) and control(21 subjects) groups. Aerobic exercise was carried out for experimental group from three times to five times a week for 6 weeks in aerobic center. Data were analyzed with t-test, mean, per centage of change using SAS program. Results were obtained as follows: 1) Systolic blood pressure (M=123.75mmHg, % of change=1.12%) and diastolic blood pressure (M=74.38mmHg, % of change=5.79%) was increased on that of experimental group after 6 weeks experiment. But there was no significant difference between experimental group and control group. 2) Body weight was decreased on that of experimental group(M=56.54Kg, % of change=-1.60%) and that of control group(M=52.05, % of change=-0.99%) after 6 weeks. But there was no significant difference between experimental group and control group. 3) Body fat was decreased on that of experimental group(M=30.53%, % of change=-3.60%) and that of control group (M=28.75%, % of change=-3.52%) after 6 weeks. There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group. 4) Pulse rate was decreased on that of experimental group(M=69.19회/min, % of change -8.43%) and that of control group(M=76.0회/min, % change -0.07%) after 6weeks. There was significant difference(t=-2.621, P<0.05) between experimental group and control group. 5) Symptoms of stress response were decreased on that of experimental group(M=0.97) and that of control group(M=1.15) after 6 weeks. There was no significant difference between experimental group and control group. Therefore, adherence to aerobic exercise for 6 week seem to be affected mainly pulse rate of subjects. A futher study is necessary to determine the difference in the effect of variety exercise, programs, to study over 6 weeks, to produce professional educational program for exercise speciality nurses.