• Title/Summary/Keyword: Professional baseball stadium

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Influence of Factors of Baseball Stadium Environment on Spectating Satisfaction of Professional Baseball (프로야구 경기환경요인이 관람만족에 미치는 영향)

  • Hwang, Sun-Hwan;Kim, Hong-Seol
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.508-515
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to examine if factors of baseball stadium environment which people have spectating satisfaction of professional baseball. The respondents of the study 614 who were spectators at D city professional baseball event. The stratified cluster random sampling method has been used in this study. The material collection device was the brochure named [A Influence of Factors of Baseball Stadium Environment on Spectating Satisfaction of Professional Baseball]. The result of reliability check up was here below; stadium factors ${\alpha}$=.966~.890, spectating costs ${\alpha}$=.922~.988, spectating promotion ${\alpha}$=.894~.789. To analyze materials, the "correlation analysis" and "regression analysis" were used as statistic analysis techniques. The conclusion based on above study method and the result of material analysis are here below. 1. The stadium factors influence spectating satisfaction of professional baseball. 2. The spectating cost factors influence spectating satisfaction of professional baseball. 3. The spectating promotion factors influence spectating satisfaction of professional baseball.

Exploratory Study on Professional Baseball Fan Experience Management: Based on In-Depth Interview and Customer Journey Map

  • Kim, Se-yun;Byun, Kyung-Won
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.176-183
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is was to analyze customer experience attribute of professional baseball. To achieve objectives of this study, a method was used the in-depth interview and experts' consultation which understanding the attributes and structure of customer experience attribute of professional baseball. As a result, the professional baseball customer experience attributes are 'viewing plan & purchase', 'stadium movement', 'entrance stadium', 'move to seat', 'game viewing', 'amenities/services', 'events/cheering', 'move after match'. The review of the experience section and attributes derived through in-depth interviews with professional baseball fans was verified through an expert' consultation to secure content validity. Through this process, 8 experience section and 41 attributes were analyzed. The customer experience journey was analyzed for a more in-depth analysis of the viewing experience of professional baseball fans. The customer experience journey was presented based on the needs of fans and discomfort in each experience section activity.

Relationship among professional baseball stadium servicescape, control perception, consumer emotion, and revisit intention (프로야구경기장 서비스스케이프와 통제지각, 소비감정, 재방문 의도의 관계)

  • Ma, Yoon-Sung;Ko, Kyong-Jin;Lee, Kwang-Yong
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.389-401
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between servicescape experience of visitors to professional baseball stadium, control perception on the spot, consumption emotion, and revisit intention. A total of 273 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The validity of the data was verified through frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. The hypothesis was verified by structural equation model analysis. First, servicescape has a statistically significant effect on control perception. Second, the control perception in the servicescape has a significant effect on the consumption emotion. Third, servicescape effected consumption emotion. Fourth, consumption emotion had a significant influence on the revisit intention. The results of this study suggest that visitors to baseball stadiums can induce revisit intention through positive experience of servicescape. The specific discussions and implications are described in the text.

Korean Professional Baseball League Scheduling (최적화 기법을 활용한 프로야구 일정 계획)

  • Gong, Gyeong-Su;Lee, Yeong-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.299-303
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we discuss the schedule problems for Korean Professional Baseball League (KPBL) and propose approaches to solve these problems by applying Integer Programming. A schedule in a sport league must satisfy lots of constraints on timing such as organizational, attractiveness, and fairness requirements. Organizational requirements cover a set of rules which have to guarantee that all the games can be scheduled according to the regulations imposed by Korean Baseball Organization (KBO). Attractiveness requirements focus on what stadium visitors, television spectators, and the clubs expect, that is, a varied, eventful, and exciting season. Fairness requirements have to guarantee that no team is handicapped or favored in comparison with the others. In addition to finding a feasible schedule that meets all the constraints, the problem addressed in this paper has the additional complexity of having the objective of minimizing the travel costs and every team has the balancing number of the games in home. We formalize the KPBL problem into an optimization problem and adopt the concept of evolution strategy to solve it. Using the method proposed, it is efficient to find better results than approaches developed before.

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A Study on the Planning Direction of the Large Sports Facilities in Korea - Based on the Servicescape Korea·U.S.A·Japan Baseball Stadium- (국내 대규모 스포츠시설의 계획방향에 대한 연구 - 서비스스케이프에 따른 한미일 야구장을 중심으로-)

  • Baek, Song-Min;Lee, Kyung-Min;Seo, Myeong-Won
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.819-829
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    • 2022
  • Professional baseball is one of the spectator sports that has been loved for a long time by the citizens as a recreational activity since its establishment in 1982, and has been playing pivotal role as a national sport. However, there has been decline in the number of audiences since 2019. Hence, this research paper aimed to provide strategic direction for planning and improvement of professional baseball stadiums by applying the concept of servicescape. In this research, five key factors of servicescape that affects players performance and the level of immersion of spectators were derived through literature review, and based on these key factors, case study analysis were carried out for 51 domestic and foreign baseball stadiums while focusing on the factors derived. Domestic baseball stadiums highly concentrate on spectatorship without effectively responding to change in spectators demand and its effective use of space rather than baseball games. As in foreign cases, it is critical to modify mangement process and planning direction, and improve policies while perceiving baseball stadium as recreational and cultural space.

A study of current awareness and preference on Korean professional baseball team's promotion for products (프로야구의 상품마케팅에 대한 인식 및 선호도 조사)

  • Park, Seung-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.1238-1245
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    • 2012
  • The main purpose of this study was to identify the current awareness and preference on the promotions of products in Korean professional baseball teams. For this study, the subjects were randomly selected where they have experienced purchasing any products in the Korean professional baseball stadium. Totally, 520 subjects were asked to answer the questionnaire relevant to the current awareness and preference of promotion of products. There were 11 questions for the current awareness and 14 questions for the preference on the promotion of products. The data gathered was determined within a frequency analysis, an independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA tests. The results were discussed when the p-value were lest than .05. There were a couple of results found throughout this study. Firstly, there were no significant differences of the current awareness between gender. Secondly, there were significant differences of the preference on the promotion between age(p<.05). Especially, there were significant differences on the value of products and price between 20's, 30's and 40's groups. Thirdly, there were significant differences of the preference on the promotion between level of earing per year statistically(p<.05). In addition, there were significant differences on the price of products between 2000-2500 million won, 2500-3000 million won and 4000 million won groups. Consequently, the product promotion by the Korean professional baseball teams has to be more variety and structured.

Analyses of Spectators' Expenditure Determinants in a Professional Baseball Team (프로야구 관람객의 소비지출 결정요인 분석)

  • Cho, Woo-Jeong;Choi, Eui-Yul
    • 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.457-467
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    • 2016
  • Understanding professional baseball fans' expenditure is expected to provide fundamental marketing information that help increase each team's marketing profits and values and produce a better economic impact on its community. In this regard, this study employed a survey method with a total of 372 residents located in Changwon. A questionnaire included factors such as demographics, consumption patterns and perceived socio-psychic effect(PSE), all of which were derived from literature review. A binary logistic regression was modeled with a dichotomous dependent variable, expenditure(30,000 won more or less). The following were input in the model as the independent variables in order to see the relationships; gender, marriage, education, occupation, income, location, age, leisure type, distance, companion, transportation, interest, and PSE. The results of the logistic regression analysis are as follows. Overall, the model was statistically significant, χ²(21, N=372)=59.159, p=.000. Cox and Snell R² was reported as .147 and .200 respectively. So, the model accounted for between 14.7% and 20.0% of the variation in expenditure. Among the independent variables, income, location, companion, and PSE were found to be the significant factors to expenditure. For income, subjects with 2 million won less of income, compared to those with 4 million won more, were .38 times less likely to pay the money of 30,000 won more. For location, subjects in Masan, compared to those in Jinhae, were 3.49 times more likely to pay 30,000 won more. Subjects in Changwon, compared to those in Jinhae, were 3.05 times more likely to pay 30,000 won more. For companion, people visiting the stadium alone, compared to those with friends/colleague, were .36 times less likely to pay 30,000 won more. For PSE, the odds of 30,000 won more paid increased by 1.37 times with one-unit increase in PSE.

A Study on the Determinants of Fans' Team Identification in KBO League : Focused on the Effects of Kids Marketing (프로야구 팬의 팀 동일시에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구: 응원시작 연령의 효과를 중심으로)

  • Choi, Seung-Nyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.99-110
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    • 2016
  • This study examined the factors affecting the team identification of professional baseball fans. The factors were divided into the fan factor, game factors, and other factors. For the analysis, two investigators visited stadium three times in total and a total number of 297 spectators were sampled using a convenience sampling method from three baseball teams. For the fan factor, a fan who began supporting his/her team from childhood or after childhood was used as a dummy variable. The interaction effects between the fan factor and other variables were investigated to offer a stereoscopic understanding about the role of kids marketing. In addition, three game factors and four non-game factors were analyzed. The results regarding fan variable and interaction effects were obtained. Fans from their childhood have much stronger team identification, and show interaction effects with the players. Regression analysis revealed player, promotion and fan service, price, and regional connection to have positive relations with team identification. This study is especially meaningful in a sense that it has proposed positive results regarding marketing to children, and the results will contribute to both the academic field and the industry.