• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.163-172
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• 2005

Product Line Engineering (PLE) has been widely accepted as a representative software reuse methodology by using core assets. Product line architecture (PLA) is a key element of core assets. However, current research works on designing PLA do not provide sufficient and detailed guidelines of defining PLA and reflecting variability in the architecture. In this paper, we present a reference model of PLA and propose a process to design PLA with detailed instructions. Especially architectural variability is codified by describing decision model depending variation points and traced through PLA activities. The proposed process would make it feasible to apply PLE to practice areas.

• IE interfaces
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2002

In order to build a new factory, we must have answers regarding the following questions; 1. what is to be produced? 2. how are the products to be produced? 3. how much of each product will be produced? The answers are related to product-design, process-design and capacity-design respectively and they are used for layout-design as the input data. Especially capacity design decision provides the information regarding the number of equipments required and the balance of the line. This paper introduces a case study on the capacity design for a new factory where the retainers of ball bearing are manufactured. A simulation model is developed with ARENA for analyzing the system considered. The major objectives of the study are evaluating the performance of the line which is originally suggested by the company, and finding out alternatives for improving the system. Number of WIP between the processes are also investigated because it affects the space planning of the layout.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2014

Engineering changes are indispensable engineering and management activities for manufactures to develop competitive products and to maintain consistency of its product data. Analysis of engineering changes provides a core functionality to support decision makings for engineering change management. This study aims to develop a method for analysis of engineering changes based on On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP), a proven database analysis technology that has been applied to various business areas. This approach automates data processing for engineering change analysis from product databases that follow an international standard for product data management (PDM), and enables analysts to analyze various aspects of engineering changes with its OLAP operations. The study consists of modeling a standard PDM database and a multidimensional data model for engineering change analysis, implementing the standard and multidimensional models with PDM and data cube systems and applying the implemented data cube to core functions of engineering change management, the evaluation and propagation of engineering changes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.1-14
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• 2007

This study investigates the differences between the satisfaction factors of store characteristics depending on on-line clothing store type and its satisfaction index. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 software with various techniques such as paired t-test, T-test, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability and factor analysis that use principal component analysis and Varimax orthogonal rotation were used. The results are summarized as follows: 1. By categorizing the level of on-line store characteristics satisfaction depending on its type, clarifies the differences between its satisfaction. The satisfaction rank of general merchandise store was as followed: searching and approaching system, buying process service, screen-displayed design, product, store credit. On the other hand, the satisfaction rank of general store was as followed: screen-displayed design, store credit, buying process service. 2. By analyzing the difference of satisfaction depending on the store type, it was found that general merchandise store was more satisfied with screen-displayed design, approaching and searching, whole payment process, the safety of payment and shipping service, security service when compared to specialty store. It was also found that specialty store was more satisfied with the variety of product, update of rare items, quality and price of product. 3. By analyzing the difference between the type of on-line clothing store satisfaction depending on age, in the case of general merchandise store, the result showed that people in their thirties were more satisfied with buying process service, store credit, customer management system when compared to twenties. In the case of specialty store, the result showed that people in their twenties were more satisfied with customer management service when compared to thirties, and when it came to buying process service, it was vice versa.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.26-42
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• 2003

On-line clothes sale are on the increase, and the returns(for replacements or refunds) of the clothes are also increasing. Many studies on off-line consumers' complaints were made before, but few studies on the returns of clothes sold on-line have been made. From this viewpoint, this study was conducted to know what effect returns of clothes sold on-line have on their brands. Therefore, this study was first focused on the factors affecting complaint acts(return intention or return acts) such as lack of information and recognition of product, delivery errors and product defects concerning on-line sales, and second investigated the changes of buyers' attitude toward the brand following the their acts of returning the buyers, and third looked into the changes of on-line buyers' attitude toward the brand. The study is carried out by subdividing the objects of the study into return action(replacement, refundment) and purchasers who experienced return intention. Such experience is demonstratively analyzed to find how it has affected the attitude toward the brand. The study comes up with the following outcomes. First, the effect factor causing complaint action(return action, return intention) on-line is shown as the lack of the information and recognition of the product. Second, it is revealed that the effect factor causing complaint(return action, return intention) does not lie in an error in delivery or a defect of a product. Third, the positive response of a brand to a return action does not raise the repurchasing intention and positive attitude of purchasers who experienced returning a product, but lowers their private complaint action intention. Fourth, the repurchase intention of purchasers who experienced return intention for the brand is lowered, but their negative attitude and private complaint action intention is not raised.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2002

The success of a product is only possible on the basis of user preference for products and the user preference for products is greatly influenced by the design. Designers have to understand user preference and convert it into the combination of specified design attribute, and after that they should design products which have the image that they want to get. Then the product will be sure to be a hit. Therefore, on the point of view of design, it is necessary to find oui definitely the consumer preference frame : the relationship among design preference - design images - design attribute. This study will give you guidelines on which designers can select and design some more objective and reliable design factors, finding out the relation of cause and effect by which they can know what kind of product designs their consumers like and how the popular image which that products offer is composed of. Therefore, in this study, after we developed the consumer response framework which is proposed by Bloch(1995) : distinct relationship model among preference - design image adjective - design factors, we analyzed the relationship among preference-design image adjective - design factors through the empirical researches. And then we give the way of design.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to 1) identify types and usage levels of production 2) classify apparel manufacturers based on production systems and 3) investigate relationship between characteristics of apparel manufacturers and production system. Apparel manufacturer's characteristics included product line and the number of employees. For this study, the questionnaires were administered to 215 apparel manufacturers in metropolitan area from Feb. to Mar. 1998. Employing a sample of 201, data were analyzed by using factor analysis, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA). The following are the results or this study : 1. The production system was identified as three types of production system such as the management centered system, the product centered system and the worker centered system. 2. Based on the three types of the production system, apparel manufacturer were classified into manager centered and product centered groups. 3. With respect to product line, men's wear manufactures were operated the most frequently by manager centered and product centered groups. 3. With respect to product line, men's wear manufacturers were operated the most frequently by management centered system and women's wear manufacturers were operated the most frequently by worker centered system. With respect to the number of employees, apparel manufacturers comprising 5∼19 employees were performed the least frequently worker centered system, while those comprising 50∼99 and 100∼299 employees the least frequently worker centered system.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1010-1026
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• 2004

The goal of product line engineering is to support the systematic development of a set of similar software systems by understanding and controlling their common and distinguishing characteristics. The product line engineering is a process that develops reusable core assets and develops a set of software-intensive systems from a common set of core assets in a prescribed way. Currently, many software development technologies are accomplished in context of product line. However, much of the product line engineering research have focused on the reuse of work products relating to the software's architecture, detail design, and code. The product lines fulfill the promise of tailor-made systems built specifically for the needs of particular customers or customer groups. In particular, commonality and variability play central roles in the all product line development processes. These must be treated already during the requirement analysis phase. Requirements in product line engineering are basis of software development just like as traditional system development engineering, and basis of deciding other core assets' property - commonalities and variabilities. However, it is difficult to elicit, analyze and manage correct requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop systematic methods which can develop and manage requirement as core asset, which can be stable in anticipative change and can be well adapted to unpredictable change. In this paper, we suggest a method of managing requirements as core asset in product line. Through this method, the reuse of domain requirements can be enhanced. As a result, the cost and time of software development can be reduced and the productivity can be increased.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.896-914
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• 2006

Product line engineering (PLE) is one of the most recent and emerging reuse approaches in software engineering. Core asset, which is a reusable unit of PLE, is shared by several members in a product line (PL). So, developing a well-defined core asset is a prerequisite to increase productivity and time-to-market. Existing PLE methodologies emphasize the importance of core asset but mainly focus on analyzing core asset. And, several processes for designing core asset do not fully cover all elements of core asset which is from product line architecture (PLA) to decision model and need to augment systematic process, detailed instructions, and templates of artifacts. These problems result in difficulty with designing core asset and applying PLE. In this paper, we present an overall process and templates of artifacts to design core assets. And, we apply proposed process to a case study in order to show its applicability. With the proposed process, detailed instructions, and templates of artifacts, we believe that we can more systematically and more easily design high-quality core assets and we fully cover product line architecture, component, and decision model when designing a core asset.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.769-776
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• 2023

In this paper, we designed an MLSA(Match-line Sense Amplifier) for low-power CAM(Content Addressable Memory). By using the MLSA and precharge controller, we reduced power consumption during CAM operation by employing a selective match-line charging technique to mitigate power consumption caused by mismatch. Additionally, we further reduced power consumption due to leakage current by terminating precharge early when a mismatch occurs during the search operation. The designed circuit exhibited superior performance compared to the existing circuits, with a reduction of 6.92% and 23.30% in power consumption and propagation delay time, respectively. Moreover, it demonstrated a significant decrease of 29.92% and 52.31% in product-delay-product (PDP) and energy-delay-product (EDP). The proposed circuit was validated using SPECTRE simulation with TSMC 65nm CMOS process.