• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.192-205
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• 2011

This study analyzed the registration of patent and utility models by fashion firms in Korea. A total of 2,291 registration cases of IPC A41B-H from the period of 1996 to 2009 were collected by KIPRIS of the Korean Intellectual Property Organization (KIPO). All cases were analyzed by year to review the longitudinal trend and 481 cases of IPC A41B (shirts, underwear, baby linen, and handkerchiefs) and 1088 cases of IPC A41D (outerwear, protective garments, and accessories) were analyzed by content (provided benefit type and developing method), by detailed product items and the characteristics of the applicant. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Registration of IPC 41 increased steeply by the year (especially since 2006) and the patent registrations increased more than those in the utility model. 2) Analyzing the application content of A41B on the basis of benefit showed that 75% were to provide new functions and the rest were for health. In terms of the developing method, 83% of benefit provided by the application were by design development, 11.2% were by material, and the rest was by process, In the cases of IPC A41D, 23.6% were for safety and protection. In terms of the developing method, the process and material development were more frequently adopted than in the cases of A41B. 3) The major product types of A41B were socks, underwear, and infant wear, whereas gloves and parts of clothing were major items in A41D. 4) In terms of the characteristics of the applicant, registration by firms was greater for patents than for utility models and registration by foreigners increased in 2006 due to the complete opening of the retail market. 5) Fifteen universities registered for a total 57 cases and major applications were for IT related clothing or high-tech protective items.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.15-20
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• 2020

A manufacturing industry has secured its competitiveness through cost reduction, research for new products, development of manufacturing technology traditionally. However, many manufacturers are being required of innovative efforts for business sustainability by emergence of new technology and industry owing to fast technology development and convergence among technologies and industries. Continuous growth can not be expected with the way of simple manufacturing and sales under the 4^th industrial revolution era. Separation of service from product is getting more vague in some specific area and a service provider is often offering its own product together. Innovation destroying manufacturing value chain with servitization can only create the new value. Basic concept of servitization, paradigm change and future prospect of manufacturing industries suffering from the 4^th industrial revolution will be analyzed in this paper. Also, the strategy, application and methodology for servitization required in the convergence period will be researched.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.86-100
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• 2019

This study analyzed the characteristics of vegan fashion produced by H&M and ZARA with respect to materials, design, development, production, and marketing to create social value. The results of this study are significant because they can be used as a reference to develop a vegan fashion market. Regarding the research method, this study assessed the concept and status of veganism through a literature review and examined vegan fashion case studies by analyzing official websites and media content. The study's scope covers the period from 2005, when H&M was the first SPA brand to create a vegan product line, until 2019. The characteristics of Global SPA's vegan fashion were as follows. Regarding materials, alternative materials were developed and an expanded use of organic materials was implemented. Regarding design, development was achieved through design collaboration and upcycling. In terms of production, an animal welfare policy was adopted and a sustainable supply chain was established. Marketing employed a campaign aimed at encouraging increased consumer participation. The findings regarding the social value of H&M and Zara's vegan fashion were as follows. First, a cyclical economy was realized through circular recycling in the entire process of resource selection, production, and waste disposal. Second, because product consumption indicated the importance of ethical consumption and sustainable consumer participation, corporate financial activities were created based on shared values to accomplish the social outcome. Third, collaborations with luxury brands or vegan fashion designers built a collaborative ecosystem in which vegan fashions were released and consumer participation campaigns were implemented.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Along with industrial development, various architectural structures have become bigger and higher, leading to an expansion in the size and capacity of construction equipment. And with the development of public transportation, the use of subways as a means of transportation in the city center is increasing, so that vibrations and structural noises are emerging as a new environmental issue. Considering that architectural structures may be used from several decades to hundreds of years after the time of construction, they can be seen as semi-permanent. Due to changes in the vibration-proof polyurethane mats installed in the foundation of these structures, settling may occur and vibration reduction may become inadequate. Therefore, in view of service life, it is necessary to have a high-level standard of reliability and stability. In accordance with this, the Floating Floor System, which uses soft polyurethane foam and can be constructed within a relatively short period of time, has excellent vibration resistant characteristics. It is presented as a great alternative solution to the issue of vibrations caused by subways, railways and building structures. At present, vibration-proof polyurethane mats have been developed up to the same product level as in other advanced countries. However, in the construction of structure foundations, the physical properties of this product and its shape incur changes. If they are installed as such in the structure of a building, it may cause significant impact on stability, requiring that this cause be urgently identified and improved.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 1996

Lipase specific activity in cocoa beans varied from 70 to 40 ${\mu}mol/min/mg$ protein during six days of fermentation. At the end of this period most parts of the cotyledon has turned to brown color which would be more distinguishable after drying. The beans were slightly swollen thus causing its testa to disintegrate. During fermentation there was a decrease in pH from 6.4 to 5.8. Whereas the percentage of acetic acid was increased by 0.04% of wet weight beans on the third day but decreased progressively with time.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.90-95
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• 1996

When reserpine-producing cell strains of Rauwolfia serpentina were transferred from the dark to the light irradiation, the production of reserpine was extremely enhanced whereas the cell growth was suppressed. In an incubation period of 20 days, the most effective culture condition for reserpine production was the combination of 8 days of dark culture and following 12 days of light culture. The time courses of both cell growth and reserpine production were measured in vitro in order to clarify the effect of wave length range of light on the biosynthesis of reserpine. Although the growth of cultured cells which had been incubated under continuous red, yellow, and green lights, respectively, was similar to that of the cultured cells subcultured in the dark. The cells cultured under red light irradiation produced less reserpine than dark-grown cultures. Both blue and near-ultraviolet light inhibited the growth of cultured cells. The production of reserpine was strikingly enhanced by blue light, but was strongly inhibited by near-ultraviolet light.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.241-255
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• 1999

This paper concerns Reliability Analysis System(RAS) developed by LG Electronics, Inc. for collecting, classifying, and analyzing field failure data. To develop this system, a database for the management of field failure data was built and several functions were included to analyze and assess the product reliability. Nonparametric estimation and cumulative hazard plotting techniques were applied to estimate the reliability for a specific period. This system serves not only engineers in charge of quality but also designers who wish to monitor the reliability of their own products.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.151-155
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• 2005

A drug delivery system(DDS) for practically insoluble meloxicam was developed and evaluated by dissolution study. A novel DDS is two layered system, where the first layer is consisted of gas-forming agent for an immediate release and the second layer is composed of metolose SR(HPMC) for sustained release. This bilayered tablets were manufactured by using manual single punch machine. The results of dissolution study showed an initial burst release followed by sustained release for the experimental period time. From a pharmaceutical point of view, the designed DDS for meloxicam would be informative system in terms of poorly soluble analgesic medicines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.291-296
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• 1993

Taking a bledes axle of rotary tiller as a example, this paper discusses influences of four loading essential factors, which are strengthened amplitude, cycle times, loading sequence and loading frequency. in fatigue life. Determination principles of above four factors and monitoring methods of fatigue damage by local strain are dealt with. The actual field testing check of farm machinery is rapidly simulated by laboratory program fatigue test can shorten the period of development and improvement of a product. In the time of in-door simulation test, damage monitoring and four loading essential factors, which are strengthened amplitude , cycle times, loading sequence and loading frequency, have to be dealt with . If these problems are solved successfully, it is possible to accelerated test speed, reduce costs and manhours, and raise accuracy of test result. However strengthening method, loading pattern and influence of loading frequency on test result have not so far been discu sed systematically, damage monitoring is even more a difficult problem. Authors have studied above problems with the object of blades axle of rotary tiller.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.327-343
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• 2005

The European Standards Organisation (CEN) has planned to develop a complete set of harmonized European building standards. The Eurocodes, being the design standards, form part of this total system of European standards, together with standards for fabrication and erection and product standards. After a period of experimental use of the ENV(European Pre Standard)-versions of the Eurocodes, these are now converted into official EN's (European Standards). Design of composite steel and concrete buildings and bridges is covered by Eurocode 4. An overview will be given of the historic development of Eurocode 4, the structure and contents of the EN version and the present status and planning for completion. The Eurocode treatment of some selected technical items will be presented in more detail.