• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.24-27
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 국내 석유화학공장에서 운전되고 있는 CDU plant heater, NCC plant heater, CO plant Heater, aromatic plant heater 등 15개 plant heater를 대상으로 조사하였으며, 세부 내용으로는 heater 사고 예방을 위한 공정운전 표준, alarm 작동시 조치 및 setting 변경, 시운전 점검사항, interlock system 분석, interlock by-pass 운전현황, heater 주요 사고$\cdot$사례 등을 분석하였다. interlock 방지 및 시설개선 대책으로 실시간 monitoring 설치, local 압력계 및 온도계추가설치, 초기 운전시 점검방법, interlock by-pass 관리, 오작동 계기 sensor maker 변경, 운전 mode 변경시 주요 현장확인사항, DCS alarm 관리방법 등을 제시하였다. heater interlock에 관련되는 국내외 연구자료가 거의 없어서 주로 석유화학업체 운전 절차서, 공정trouble 일지, 부서장 및 현장 운전원의 의견을 반영하여 연구하였다. 연구의 결과에 따라 interlock 방지 및 시설개선 대책을 운전 절차서에 반영한다면 interlock으로 인한 사고를 크게 줄일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.128-138
• /
• 1998

Background : There is increased recognition that rigorous approach to functional assessment will complement the assessment of clinical status. This study is to develop the appropriate visual function index in Korean patients with cataracts by the assessment of the reliability, validity of visual function indexes including VF-14. Methods : An prospective study was performed with 92 patients who had undergone either one eye or both eye cataract surgery by 3 ophthalmologists practicing at a university hospital. Patients were interviewed. and clinical data were obtained. Doctors were questioned with self-entered questionnaire forms. Medical record was examined to understand surgery process. The survey was conducted at 1-2 days before cataract surgery. Results : We used following measures : 7 visual function indexes, global measures of patients' trouble and satisfaction with vision, and best-corrected visual acuity(VA) in each eye. 7 visual function indexes showed a high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficients ${\geq}$ 0.86). The better visual acuity(operated eye, better eye), the higher patient satisfaction with vision, the lower symptom score, the lower patient trouble with vision was correlated with preoperative visual function index scores. Among 7 indexes, VF-12 with the exclusion of 2 items drivings from VF-14 is a high Cronbach's alpha coefficient and correlation coefficient and the highest $R^2$. Conclusion : We conclude that VF-12 is reliable and valid in Korea. So we suggest that in Korea, all items of VF-14, the visual function index, which is in use internationally, ought to be surveyed and VF-12 which has been excluded by 2 items of drivings from VF-14 ought to be used for analysis.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2001

Objective: The purpose of this report is to prove the clinical effect of Platycodon grandiflorum aqueous extract on pneumoniae patients. Methods: We used the aqueous extract of Platycodon grandiflorum to treat two pneumoniae patients. It was injected into five acupuncture points, which was Chondol(天突:CV22) 1 point, Pyesu(肺兪 : BL13) 2 point, and Kworumsu(厥陰兪: BL14) 2 point. Results & conclusions: We have used the aqueous extract of 24-year-old JK for treating the patients suffering from lung diseases, and have experienced the actual effects. Of the treated, two pneumonia-involved patients showed apparent improvement in simple chest X-ray and clinical symptoms. The patients were treated with JK (Jang-saeng platycodon) aqueous extract 25 and 22 times individually. The results were as follows. 1. The symptoms including coughing, phlegm, and fever were improved in two cases. 2. The lung infiltration in simple chest X-ray decreased and the WBC count was kept within normal range in two cases. 3. Side effect such as itching was not found in the process of JK aqueous extract treatment. 4. The criteria for pneumonia are fever, coughing with purulent phlegm, pleural chest pain, the evidence of new infiltration in simple chest X-ray, sign of lung sclerosis in auscultation, increase of WBC count, etc. But they may not be the proper objective diagnostic standards. So we had trouble in statistic process and numerical interpretation. Putting these results together, the JK aqueous extract is considered to be effective in treating patients for pneumonia, and the continuous research and accumulation of data is needed.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.473-498
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 고대 그리스 시대부터 수학자들이 복잡한 기구를 손수 제작하는 수고를 감내하면서 탐구하였던 대수곡선을 기구가 아닌 공학을 사용해 재현하고 생성하는 활동을 수행할 때, 수학영재들은 곡선의 자취를 어떻게 작도하며 불변량(Invariants)은 곡선의 작도와 생성에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 구체적으로 살펴보는데 있다. 특히, 역동적 기하 환경에서 불변량(Invariants)의 역할과 의미에 관한 실증적인 자료를 확보해보는 연구와 수학영재들이 새로운 곡선을 창출하는 과정에서 나타나는 불변량의 활용 유형을 세분해보는 연구를 시도해 봄으로써, 불변량에 대한 교육적 활용 방안을 제시하고 그 활용 범위의 확대 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
• /
• pp.178-191
• /
• 2003

OMC is essentialiy necessary compound in sun goods as organic UV protecting products. But the skin-trouble problem is raising because of skin penetration of OMC. In this study, non-capsulated pure OMC was compared with Organic-Inorganic-Nano-hybrid OMC for skin penetration force and SPF degree. Organic- Inorganic Nano-Hybrid OMC is OMC trapped in the pore of the mesoporous silica synthesized by the sol-gel method after OMC is nanoemulsified in the system of the hydrogenated Lecithin/ Ethanol/caprylic/capric triglyceride/OMC/water. OMC- nano- emulsion was obtained by a microfluidizing process at 1000bar and then micelle size in the nanoemulsion solution is 100-200nm range. Mesoporous silica nano-hybrid OMC was prepared by the process; surfactant was added in dissolved OMC-Nanoemulsion, then the rod Micelle was formed. OMC-nanoemulsion was capsulated in this rod Micelle and then silica precursor was added in the OMC-nanoemulsion solution. Through the hydrolysis reaction of the silica precursor, mesoporous silica concluding OMC-Nanocapsulation was obtained. The nano-hybrid surface of this OMC-Nanoemulsion-Inorganic system was treated with polyalkyl-silane compound. OMC-Mesoporous silica Nano-hybrids coated with polyalkyl-silane compound show the higher sun protecting factor (SPF Analyzer: INDEX 10-15) than pure OMC and could reduce a skin penetration of OMC. The physico-chemical properties of these nano-hybrids measured on the SPF index, partical size, strcture, specific surface area, pore size, morphology, UV absorption, rate of the OMC dissolution using SPF Analyzer, Laser light scattering system, XRD, BET, SEM, chroma Meter, HPLC, Image analyzer, microfluidizer, UV/VIS. spectrometer.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.1044-1057
• /
• 2014

This study has seen about a indemnity system of fishery damage by natural disasters such as a problem and improvement methods of government aid system and system on accident insurance for cultured fishery products. Recently, in the situation that the demage of aquaculture industry caused by frequent typhoon resulted from global warming and abnormal changed of weather is nasty, the accident insurance for cultured fishery products is necessary to show its true quality and to protect fishers against natural disasters owing to the limitation of government's aid for them. However, The objects of accident insurance for cultured fishery products which is progress on, is too short to apply, so that it is absolutely insufficient to fulfill the demands of culturing fishermen. Therefore, It could be a certain preparation to magnify the range of object items of it and to convert the trial industry being adjusted to limited area into full scale industry to adjust over all nationally. Furthermore, This insurance is complicated and strict to join rather than other insurances. As it can be seen by examples that got in trouble, despite culturing fishermen applied to join the insurance, they took all demage because the insurance was not realized. So, It is hard to say that causes impute the responsibility of it to the authority of insurance, not culturing fishery. They should simplify the registration process, limit the period each registration process and consider a countermeasure to complete it. Concerning compensation for the loss, agriculture part is easier to investigate the loss due to remained dead crop damaged by natural disaster, meanwhile, in fishing part, especially in case of cultivation of fish, it is difficult to investigate the loss and demage because crops are blown all together with typhoon when it comes plus the facilities of them are also very old. Consequently to solve the problem needs more positive attitude as it is policy insurance.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2010

자동차의 A.C 제너레이터(alternating current generator) 부품으로 사용되는 로터폴(rotor pole)을 가공할 때는 트랜스퍼온간단조금형(transfer warm forging die)으로 성형한다. 소재를 온간가공 영역으로 가열한 후 즉시 금형안으로 이송시켜 제1스테이지(1st stage)에서 업세팅가공(upsetting work)하고 제2스테이지(2nd stage)로 이송하여 측방압출(lateral extrusion)가공을 한다. 이때 측방압출 스테이지의 금형에서 다이블록(die block), 다이부싱(die bushing), 센터펀치(center punch), 사이드펀치(side punch)의 접촉면이 압출시의 과혹(過酷)한 조건에 견디지 못하여 쉽게 마멸(abrasion)되어 금형수명(die life)을 단축시키고 있다. 이 때문에 생산량 감소로 인한 납기지연, 금형의 수리보수시간 과다, 제품의 정밀도 저하 등의 문제점이 발생되고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 금형재질 선정과 열처리 작업 싸이클 개선, 방전가공시의 트러블 해소, 핵심부품의 구조변경 등을 연구하여 금형수명을 40~50% 연장 하고자 하였다.

• Design & Manufacturing
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2018

This study proves the causes of cylinder and piston jam by scratches which is the fatal problem of hydraulic breaker through the thermal analysis and thermal-structural coupled field analysis. The trouble from the scratch is a complex problem which can be caused by manufacturing process (this is an internal factor) and the users mistake or contamination in the hydraulic circuit (these are an external factor). Hence, it's not easy to investigate the causes, also hard to prevent the recurrence. In this reason, hydraulic breaker manufacturers are trying to improve the manufacturing process such as machining, heat treatment, grinding, cleaning, also to prevent the contamination in hydraulic circuit and to remove the remains. It's being managed thoroughly by manufacturers. This study shows the effect of the temperature rise by the frictional heat generated when the piston hits the tool on the hydraulic oil while the hydraulic breaker is operating, also the temperature distribution when it starts to affect main components of hydraulic breaker. The stress and the amount of deformation also could be found through thermal-structural coupled field analysis. It proved that the stress and deformation are proportionally increased according to the temperature rise in hit area, and it affects the cylinder and the viscosity of hydraulic oil inside the cylinder when it heats up beyond the certain temperature.

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2002

PET $16{\mu}m/dry$ lamination/Al-foil $7{\mu}m/dry$ lamination/CPP $80{\mu}m$의 사양으로 2개 업체에서 제조된 포장용 복합필름에서 제품 충전공정 중에서 발생한 열접착 트러블의 원인을 규명하고자 복합필름을 분리하여 각각의 두께와 재질이 제시된 사양과 일치하는지를 관능검사와 IR, DSC로 측정한 결과 1개 업체의 것이 차단층의 두께가 다르고 열접착층 필름의 재질은 비슷한 것임을 알았고, 시험기로 찾은 최적 열접착조건은 $195^{\circ}C$와 $210^{\circ}C$로 $15^{\circ}C$의 차이를 보였으며 이를 종형 4면 액체충전포장기로 직접 충전 포장하였을 때의 봉지의 열접착 강도를 비교한 결과 최적 열접착 조건 $195^{\circ}C$의 것은 평균 $4.76kg/cm^2/15mm,\;210^{\circ}C$의 것은 평균 $3.84kg/cm^2/15mm$이었다.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제65권1호
• /
• pp.175-199
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 사회적 기업에 근무하는 빈곤여성가구주의 임파워먼트 과정에 초점을 맞춰 그들의 취업 경험을 살펴보는 데 그 목적이 있었다. 이를 위해 사회적 기업에 근무하는 9인의 빈곤여성가구주들을 대상으로 심층면접 및 초점집단 인터뷰를 실시하였고, 현상학적 연구방법을 적용하여 결과분석을 시도하였다. 분석결과, 빈곤여성가구주들의 취업 경험을 통해 '미래에 대한 희망과 불안감의 교차', '홀로서기를 통한 경제적 자립', '보람과 강해지는 자신을 발견', '수평적 연대의식', '조직에 내재하는 갈등상황에 대한 고민', '전문성과 자긍심의 발휘', '문제해결능력', '사회에 기여한다는 자부심 함양' 등 8개의 핵심 구성요소들이 도출되어, 개인적 역량 뿐 만이 아니라 관계적, 사회적 역량 역시 강화됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 사회적 기업의 빈곤여성가구주들의 임파워먼트를 향상시킬 수 있는 정책 및 임상적 프로그램에 대한 개발이 시급하다고 사료된다.