• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2013

Background: Colleges of Pharmacy in Korea have increased the number of years required for the degree from 4 years to 6 years in 2009. These changes are demanding revolution of education in pharmacology. The center of gravity is moving from medicine to application, theory to work. Problem-Based Learning is "learn to learn" working cooperatively in groups to seek solutions to real problems. PBL process cheers students to think critically to find optimal solution using appropriate learning resources. Method: Eighteen students in college of pharmacy are selected to participate in PBL lecture and take part in the survey about the effect of PBL in clinical pharmacy education. Results: General satisfaction score was high as four on a five-point scale, and students have improved on anxious about communication since the PBL classes compared to before of the lecture (P=0.037). Conclusion: PBL could be applied in clinical pharmacy education to progress student's participation and satisfaction. In addition this is improved communication skill in medical team during pharmacy practice.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.151-158
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a system for predicting students' collaborative problem solving ability based on the ICT factors of PISA 2015 that affect collaborative problem solving ability. The PISA 2015 computer-based collaborative problem-solving capability evaluation included 5,581 students in Korea. As a research method, correlation analysis was used to select meaningful variables. And the collaborative problem solving ability prediction model was created by using the deep learning method. As a result of the model generation, we were able to predict collaborative problem solving ability with about 95% accuracy for the test data set. Based on this model, a collaborative problem solving ability prediction system was designed and implemented. This research is expected to provide a new perspective on applying big data and artificial intelligence in decision making for ICT input and use in education.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.226-234
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of a simulation-based practice on clinical performance and problem solving processes for nursing students. Method: The study used a one group pre-post test design. Students experienced a simulation-based practice that included team base learning, skill training, taking a high-fidelity simulation with SimMan 3G, and also being debriefed for 12 weeks (August 2010 to December 2010). The pre-test and post-test were conducted to compare the differences in knowledge, clinical nursing skills, and problem solving processes. Result: After students had received the simulation-based practice, they showed statistically significant higher knowledge (t=14.73, p<.001) and clinical nursing skills (t=15.47, p<.001) than before. However, there was no significant difference in the problem solving process score (t=1.53, p=.127). Conclusion: This study showed that knowledge and clinical nursing skills were significantly improved by the simulation-based practice. Further research would be required to identify how the problem solving process that uses simulation-based practice could be developed further.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The main purpose of the Boolean equivalence problem is to verify that two Boolean expressions have the same functionality. Simulation has been extensively used as the standard method for the equivalence problem. Obviously, the number of tests required to perform a satisfactory coverage grows exponentially with the number of input variables. However, formal methods as opposed to simulation are getting more attention from the community. We propose a new algorithm called the Cover-Merge Algorithm based on a derivational method using the concept of cover and merge for the equivalence problem and investigate its theoretical aspects. Because of the difficulty of the problem, we emphasize simplification techniques in order to reduce the search space or problem size. Heuristics based on types of merges are developed to speed up the derivation process by allowing simplifications. In comparison with widely used technique called Binary Decision Diagram or BDD, the algorithm proposed outperforms BDD in nearly all cases of input including standard benchmark problems.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2023

The study was conducted to develop two parallel short forms for the Convergent thinking and Problem solving questionnaires which are part of H University's core competency diagnostic tools, based on Multi-Item Response Theory. Item responses of 2,580 students were analyzed using Graded Response Model(GRM) to determine item difficulty and discrimination of each item. The research results are as follows. Two parrallel short tests were developed for the Convergent thinking questionnaire consisting of 12 items which were originally 17 items. Likewise, the Problem solving questionnaire, which originally consisted of 15 questions, was divided into two parallel short forms, each consisting of 9 items. The reliability of the shortened parallel tests was confirmed through internal consistency analysis, and their similarity to the original tests was established through correlation analysis. This study contributed to quality management of competency-based education and programs at H University by developing shortened tests. Based on the results, implications were presented as well as limitations and discussions.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2009

Purpose: This study investigated critical thinking disposition and clinical competency of senior nursing students in 3 nursing colleges whose education methods were different; lecture based education, partially problem based learning (PBL) applied education or whole problem based learning applied education. Method: Participants were 399 diploma nursing students, and 92 undergraduate nursing students. The instruments used for this study were critical thinking disposition scales and clinical competency scales. Results: There was no statistical difference on critical thinking disposition except healthy skepticism between the 3 colleges. Clinical competency of the lecture based college was the highest. A significant positive correlation between critical thinking disposition and clinical competency were found in students whose scores of critical thinking disposition were greater than the median. Conclusion: This finding indicates that there is a need for further research on diverse nursing students who are studying by a various methods, prior to acceptance of a paradigm shift in nursing education from conventional lecture based methods to PBL applied methods.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2020

The aim of software education is to increase students' Computational Thinking(CT) skills that they can compose problems and provide solutions which can be carried out effectively by information-processing systems. Furthermore, if problem solving situations can provide students with meaningful problem solving opportunities in authentic social contexts, then software education would be more valuable. This study pursued educational robot-based SW convergence education where 4th grade primary students have access to tangible outputs and can engage in authentic problem solving situations working with peers by using robots and programming. In addition, this study investigated the effectiveness of the classes in terms of computational thinking skills and social capabilities(collaborative skills and communication skills). The current study provides educational robot-based SW convergence education cases of a primary school and discusses the effectiveness of the classes in terms of students' computational thinking skills and social capabilities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.246-251
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• 2021

This study is analyzed survey based on classes of computational thinking to identify problem solving ability, to reflect them in curriculum plan for software education. Through analyzing difficulties on computational thinking learners by pre/post test on problem solving ability, the education method of software curriculum was proposed. For this study, the subject, scope of content, and activity plan were organized into 15 weeks of software curriculum for 2 hours per week, and questionnaire was conducted for 63 students. As a result, the 'Humanities Departments' have shown higher problem solving ability improvement than 'Science and Engineering Departments'. Based on the results, in order to cultivate creative fusion-type talent, the theoretical systems that fundamentally define thinking and perception must be fused with each other. In addition, software education should be improved to be extended to non-majors in various fields.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-50
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• 2010

The mathematical thinking which transforms important mathematical content and developed into mathematical structure is a vital process in building up mathematical ability as mathematical knowledge based on structure. Such process based on students' recognition of mathematical concept. Developing mathematical thinking into mathematical structure happens when different cognitive units are connected and compressed to form schema of solution, which could happen through some guided problems. The effort of arithmetic approach in problem solving did not necessarily provide students the structure schema of solution. The using of equation to solve the problem is based on the schema of building equation, and is not necessary recognizing the structure of the solution, as the recognition of structure may be lost in the process of simplification of algebraic expressions, leaving only the final numeric answer of the problem.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.88-96
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• 2011

This paper aims to develop the learning contents of PBL based program and analyze the result of evaluation questionnaire to examine the students' thoughts concerning the effectiveness of PBL course and their satisfaction. 'Discussion' is one of the representative communicative types, especially requesting both communication competence and teamwork among team members. This study was conducted with 218 junior and senior students taking lectures of ${\ll}$Presentation and Debate Skills${\gg}$ in the college of engineering at Pusan National University. According to the evaluation result, students experienced various effects of PBL such as (1) self-directed learning, (2) cooperative learning, (3) problem solving skills, etc. Students pointed out also as merits of PBL course, (1) knowledge acquisition and information sharing among students, (2) improvement of communicative competence, (3) amelioration of teamwork, (4) progress of the problem solving skills. However, there have been several difficulties and problems during PBL process, implications for ameliorating PBL based were discussed and suggested in detail.