• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.99-112
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• 1999

In this paper, we represent the Piagetian reversible thinking by using the concept of fuzzy complements. In this case the turning point to the reversible thinking can be corre-sponded to the equilibrium points of a fuzzy set, which are shown through some examples. On the other hand, Piaget considered disequilibrium in the theory of equi-libration as a stimulus for students' cognitive structure, furthermore as the driving forces behind intellectual growth. But we suggest a di erent application o Piagetian equi-librium in another point of view as a tool understanding students' psychological stability in problem solving activity.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.515-539
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 ICM(Integrated Curriculum Model) 기반의 영재통합교육과정을 경험한 초등수학영재의 창의성과 창의적 문제해결력의 양상을 분석하고자 하였다. 개발된 과정은 대학부설 영재교육원에 재원중인 초등수학영재 5~6학년 20명을 대상으로 3주간 12차시 수업으로 적용되었다. 연구를 위해 TTCT 언어검사와 산출물에 대한 CAT 평가를 실시하였고, 수업 및 조별활동 녹화자료, 학생 및 교사 인터뷰, 활동지를 분석하였다. 연구 결과를 살펴보면, 영재통합교육과정을 경험한 초등수학영재들은 과정 속에 포함된 개념의 속진과 심화, 문제해결을 단계적으로 반복하면서 교과 개념 이해가 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 연구에 참여한 영재들의 언어적 창의력지수가 유의미하게 향상되었고, 창의적 문제해결력 평가 결과와도 정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 영재의 창의적 문제해결력 향상을 위해서는 문제해결을 위한 개념의 깊이 있는 이해와 모둠의 협동을 바탕으로 한 과제 몰입이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 영재들이 미래 국가의 핵심 인력으로 성장하기 위해서는 창의성과 영재성을 실제 문제에 적용하여 연구해 보는 영재통합교육과정이 필요하다는 점을 제안하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2012

It is well-known fact that woodworking activity could contribute in enhancing creativity, scientific problem-solving ability, spatial perception ability and prosocial behavior of children. However, there is little chance that children experience woodworking at home or in kindergarten. This study was conducted to know how much children and adults have done woodworking in there daily life and how they perceived children's woodworking activity. Woodworking activities for children (N=207, 5 and 6 year old kids) with adults (N=271, only fathers) were carried out in 10 kindergartens of Cheongju. Actually, the survey result shows that very few children and adults experienced woodworking in their daily life. 62.8% of children and 34.3% of adults surveyed responded that they had never done woodworking. However, the greater part of children and adults evaluated the woodworking activity positively. Over 95% of children surveyed responded that their woodworking activity was fun and they want to play woodworking again. Over 73% of adults surveyed responded that children's woodworking activity was safe, and over 99% of adults surveyed responded that they can recommend children's woodworking activity to others. In conclusion, the development of safe tools and programs for children's woodworking activity helps its spread and activation.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

학생들이 수학을 추상적인 교과로 인식하여 학습에 흥미를 잃거나 실세계 문제를 해결하는 능력이 부족하다는 점이 문제시되어 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 사례연구 방법으로 학생들이 모델링 활동을 하는 과정에서 개발하는 모델이 구체와 추상을 연결하는 중재 기능을 할 수 있는지를 조사하였다. 연구결과, 학생들이 개발하는 모델은 탈맥락화 된 추상적 실체라기보다는 구체와 추상이 연결된 관계 망인 상황화된 추상의 영역에 위치하고 있었다. 그러므로 이 모델은 구체와 추상을 연결하는 중재기능을 할 수 있고, 학생들의 모델링 경험이 실세계 문제를 해결하는 능력을 향상시킬 수 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.30-42
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• 2005

In this study, we developed an elementary science performance assessment material on STS theme, especially the respiration. The material is constituted with 3 components, which are performance task, students' response format and scoring system, and it also has various objective domains such as applying science knowledge, improving science attitude, using ICT, communicating and reflective thinking. It offers teachers a tool by which they can assess students' abilities on a whole. The task is made with the motivation-evoking content of 'No Smoking'. It is constructed on the activity of writing a letter to his/her father not to smoke. The students' response format is made by problem solving process, and the scoring system is matched with the steps of students' response. The material involves several theoretical backgrounds and the strengths of performance assessment. In addition, due to the detailed students' format and scoring system, it can be used practically in elementary science classroom.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-115
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• 2022

This study examined difficulties middle school students have in learning mathematics and proposed a flipped classroom consisting of Khan Academy activities, small-group problem solving, and mathematical modeling to help improve their learning. A mixed-method approach was used to identify difficulties students have in learning mathematics, explore how the flipped classroom helped them reduce the learning difficulties identified, and examine if there were differences in students' mathematics achievement and their affective characteristics after participating in the flipped classroom. Qualitative analyses showed that students had difficulties in understanding mathematical concepts and finding effective ways to learn as well as negative views towards learning mathematics. This study also found that each activity of the flipped classroom had a different impact on student learning. Before class, the Khan Academy activities were most likely to help students understand mathematical concepts. In class, small-group problem solving activities were most helpful for students who had trouble finding effective learning methods and environments. Mathematical modeling activities were most likely effective in changing students' negative views towards mathematics. A quantitative analysis showed that the flipped classroom not only significantly improved the students' mathematics achievement, but also positively affected their confidence and motivation and how much they valued learning mathematics.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1993

This paper described design as a purposeful human activity for solving its problems. This means, problem solving is finding a way to get from some initial situation to a desired goal.In order to do this, like a voyage, there should be a compass, and a route map to guide the designer through the design process. Evaluation gives information about the way a design is proceeding and suggests the direction in which change should be made in order that the complex of design concepts should be fulfilled in a satisfactory manner.I think Pugh's total design model discussing in this paper takes a layered approach through a series of sequential actions, part of which is to find the product status. Each layer has the $$\mu$ti-dimensional elements, Product Design Specification (PDS) around the design core. I made a comparative study of several evaluation tools wi th Pugh's model and examined the criteria for evaluation and the rating / weighing methods.It needs, however, more study in order that PDSs may have its values and be fixed from the dynamic design concepts.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.176-181
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• 2001

Due to the increasing complexity to handle conflicts and interruptions caused by resource failures and rush orders, shop control is obliged to redesign its organization according to the changing demands of the manufacturing control. These demands are leading to the development of decentralization and gradually to their permanent optimization. As a result, a powerful modeling method which can be adapted efficiently is required. The use of agent theory enables specific modeling of the relevant shop planning activities. The planning activities are modeled in a so-called activity modeling through the definition of three classes of agents; Plan Agent, Manufacturing System Agent and Control Agent as well as the description of the cooperative relationship among these agents. On the basis of the activity model the agent-based shop control method is developed which emphasizes the distributed problem-solving and the cooperation with relevant agents.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.47-61
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• 2018

A knowledge map, a taxonomy of knowledge repositories, must have capabilities supporting and enhancing knowledge user's activity to search and select proper knowledge for problem-solving. Conventional knowledge maps, however, have been hierarchically categorized, and could not support such activity that must coincide with the user's cognitive process for knowledge utilization. This paper, therefore, aims to verify and develop a methodology to build a networked knowledge map that can support user's activity to search and retrieve proper knowledge based on the referential navigation between content-relevant knowledge. This paper deploys keywords as the semantic information between knowledge, because they can represent the overall contents of a given document, and because they can play the role of semantic information on the link between related documents. By aggregating links between documents, a document network can be formulated: a keyword-based networked knowledge map can be finally built. Domain expert-based validation test was also conducted on a networked knowledge map of 50 research papers, which confirmed the performance of the proposed methodology to be outstanding with respect to the precision and recall.

• 교육시설
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2000

Learning for educating creative thinking and problem solving abilities and for future-oriented method should have appropriate laboratory, experimental equipments and appliances. Technology laboratory model pertinent to experiment or activity for educating creative persons is suggested in the following : (1) It is considered that many problems of current education result from an overcrowded classes. The number of students per laboratory should be $30{\sim}40$ persons. (2) There should be sufficient activity spaces for students. Unlike normal classrooms laboratory should have various tools and materials, information, facility and equipment. (3) Flexible activity spaces for various activities should be provided for groups and individuals. (4) Safety facilities should be provided sufficiently. (5) Learning experiences of collection, analysis and utilization of information should be given. (6) Laboratories should be designed to be a place for self-propelled learning. They should be designed to be able to learn by individuals and small groups after taking into consideration the individual differences as students differ in interest, curiosity and ability.