• 제목/요약/키워드: Problem of Study

검색결과 28,822건 처리시간 0.054초

간호학생의 비판적 사고성향, 문제해결능력과 학습에 대한 PBL과 S-PBL의 효과 (Effects of Simulation and Problem-Based Learning Courses on Student Critical Thinking, Problem Solving Abilities and Learning)

  • 손영주;송영아
    • 한국간호교육학회지
    • /
    • 제18권1호
    • /
    • pp.43-52
    • /
    • 2012
  • Purpose: The purpose of the study was to discover long-term effects of Problem-based learning (PBL) and Simulation Problem-based learning (S-PBL) on critical thinking, problem solving abilities, learning attitude, motivation, and learning satisfaction among nursing students at Cheju Halla College. These students were taking problem based learning and simulation as a problem based learning method with an integrated curriculum. Methods: This study used a pretest-posttest with repeated measure design. Data was collected using convenience sampling from the beginning of the 1st semester to the end of the 2nd year when the PBL and S-PBL were completed by those who were enrolled in the integrated nursing curriculum. One-hundred eighty-three surveys were collected and analyzed during the repeat data collection. Results: There we restatistically significant differences of critical thinking, problem solving abilities, learning attitude, motivation and satisfaction post PBL and S-PBL. Conclusion: This study contributes to our understanding of outcomes from the PBL and S-PBL approach. The students undertaking PBL and S-PBL demonstrated that they developed a more positive attitude about their educational experience. In addition, students' tendency to think critically and problem solve improved through the use of the PBL and S-PBL approach.

A Research Review on Major Variables in PBL Designs of Engineering Courses

  • JIN, Sung-Hee;KIM, Tae-Hyun
    • Educational Technology International
    • /
    • 제14권2호
    • /
    • pp.137-166
    • /
    • 2013
  • Problem-based learning (PBL) in engineering education has been implemented in various ways. The wide range of PBL methods sometimes creates difficulties in implementing PBL. The purpose of this study was to identify the major variables that a teacher considers in PBL designs for an engineering course and suggest specific PBL methods according to the PBL design variables. This study was conducted using a review research method involving 21 studies from a range of engineering education fields. The results showed that the major variables that engineering professors need to consider when applying PBL are the authenticity of the PBL problem and the method of providing knowledge or information that the learners must know to solve the given problem. Based on the two variables identified, the following four types of PBL methods for engineering education are suggested: 1) lecture-based problem, 2) guided problem-based learning, 3) problem-based learning and 4) co-op problem-based learning.

상황제시형 수학 문제 만들기(WQA) 활동이 문제해결력 및 수학적 태도에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of the Situation-Based Mathematical Problem Posing Activity on Problem Solving Ability and Mathematical Attitudes)

  • 김경옥;류성림
    • 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
    • /
    • 제11권4호
    • /
    • pp.665-683
    • /
    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 문제해결력을 증진시키기 위한 방안으로 상황을 제시한 후 W(상황표현하기)-Q(문제 만들기)-A(답하기)에 의한 단계별 활동을 하여 그 효과성을 알아보았다. 이 방법을 2학년에게 한 학기동안 20차시를 적용한 결과 문제해결력은 향상된 것으로 나타났고, 태도에서는 융통성은 향상되었고 나머지 영역은 유의미한 차이는 없었지만 전반적으로 평균이 높아진 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 WQA 문제만들기 활동은 아동의 문제해결력을 증진시키고 태도를 개선하는 좋은 방법임을 알 수 있었다.

  • PDF

문제발견 중심의 과학토론수업이 초등학생들의 과학 창의적 문제해결력과 과학탐구능력에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Scientific Discussion Classes Focusing Problem Finding on the Primary School Students' Scientific Creative Problem Solving Ability and Science Process Skills)

  • 김순식;이용섭
    • 대한지구과학교육학회지
    • /
    • 제7권1호
    • /
    • pp.133-143
    • /
    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding on the primary school students' scientific creative problem solving ability, science process skills and attitude toward science class. To verify this research problem, the subject of this study was fifth-grade students selected from four classes of M elementary school located in Busan city. For four months, the experimental group of 51 students was taught using the "scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding". The control group also of 53 students was taught in normal classes which used a text-book. All students were given pre and post test to verify the effects of scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding on the primary school students' scientific creative problem solving ability, science process skills and attitude toward science class. The results from this study are as the following. First, the scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding were effective in scientific creative problem solving ability among the primary school students. It is possibly because in the process where one student compare his/her own thoughts with the others' ones and discuss them. Second, the scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding were effective in science process skills among the primary school students. Third, the scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding were effective in attitude toward science class. In conclusion, the scientific discussion classes focusing problem finding had positive effects on improvement of primary school students' scientific creative problem solving ability, science process skills and also could lead to a change in students' cognition about science class to a positive way. Therefore, the scientific discussion class focusing problem finding is hopefully to be provided as an effective instructive strategy of science class in school in the future.

냉동수술시 수반되는 상변화 열전달 문제에 대한 수치해석적 연구 (A Numerical Study on the Phase-change Heat transfer problem in Cryosurgery)

  • 김동혁
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • 제20권3호
    • /
    • pp.162-170
    • /
    • 1996
  • A numerical study on the Stefan problem occurred in cryosurgery is performed. Crank-Nicholson type finite difference algorithm based on the enthaly method is adapted to solve the phase change problem in this study. As it is a moving boundary problem, special emphasis is put on the estimation of the freezing front location. Two cases selected here are freezings of human tissue by disk type cryoprobe and by hemispherical one. In both cases, the heat flows are considered to be one dimensional. The calculated results using enthalpy method are compared with those using the program TRUMP and with Neumann's solution. These results agree guite well with each other. While it is pretty difficult to get accurate freezing front location by TRUMP due to the so- called "phase change knee" occured during the phase change, the algorithm based on the enthalpy method is proved to be very powerful to cope with this kind of problem.f problem.

  • PDF

남성가구주의 음주가 배우자 음주에 미치는 영향 -배우자 폭력의 매개효과- (A Study of Husband's Problem Drinking on the Wife's Problem Drinking -Focused on the mediating Effect of Spouse Abuse-)

  • 윤명숙;조혜정
    • 한국사회복지학
    • /
    • 제64권2호
    • /
    • pp.111-131
    • /
    • 2012
  • 본 연구의 목적은 성인 남성가구주의 문제음주가 배우자 음주에 미치는 영향을 가정폭력이 매개하는 가를 검증하는 것이다. 연구를 위해 한국복지패널(Korea Welfare Panel Study)의 1차년도 자료를 활용하였으며, 만19세-65세 미만의 성인기에 해당하는 남성가구주와 그 배우자에 대한 자료를 추출하여 총 3,284가구를 대상으로 구조방정식 모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 남성가구주의 문제음주수준이 증가할수록 배우자의 문제음주수준이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 남성가구주의 문제음주수준이 증가할수록 배우자 폭력이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 남성가구주의 문제음주는 배우자폭력을 매개로 여성배우자의 문제음주에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 남성가구주의 문제음주수준이 증가할수록 배우자에 대한 폭력이 증가하였고 이는 여성배우자의 문제음주 수준을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과들을 토대로 사회복지실천현장에서 음주와 가정폭력의 이중 문제에 대한 통합적인 개입이 필요하며, 특히 배우자폭력 피해자들이 나타내는 음주문제를 감소시킬 수 있는 포괄적이고 전문적인 프로그램 개발을 제언하였다.

  • PDF

Differences in the Use of Heuristics When a Sixth Grader Solves a Problem

  • Park, Hyun-Ju
    • 한국과학교육학회지
    • /
    • 제24권1호
    • /
    • pp.146-156
    • /
    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to look at the use of heuristics when a sixth grader solves a problem. Two research questions have been formulated: The similarities and differences in the use of heuristics when a student solves two problems that are science-knowledge-based and not science-knowledge-based, and the different types of prompts. A male sixth grade student participated in this study. All of the information for the study was collected in three interviews. The interviews began with observing the student's solving problems. The student was asked how and why he solved problem that way. There were some interactions between the researcher and the student during the interview procedures. As results of this study, eight general heuristics were used in both solutions: Check examples for support of an idea: check examples for exceptions to an idea: restate the problem: compare to known examples or patterns: make a hypothesis; check the relevance of other information present; use analogy: and recognize patterns/similarity. There seemed to be more similarities than differences in the type of general heuristic that were used in the two problem solutions. The student was systematic and consistent in his use of the general use of heuristics. Five types of interviewer prompts were detected in the two problem solutions, directional cues, modeling, clarity, problem posing, metacognition and validation.

아동의 문제행동에 대한 어머니의 귀인과 행동반응의 관계 (A Study on the mother's attribution and behavioral reaction to behavior problem of child.)

  • 이은희
    • 대한가정학회지
    • /
    • 제34권2호
    • /
    • pp.31-42
    • /
    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the mother's perception on the concrete pattern of such behavior problems as noncompliance, jealousy, dependency, hyperactivity and stealing, by analyzing the difference between two cases of her own child and another mother's child relating to her attribution to the behavior problem of the child and the relationship between her attribution and behavioral reaction. This study was carried out by using 515 questionnaires answered by 1000 mothers of children of 7 kindergartens in Ulsan and Taegu, using Melissa Sweitzer's method (1986). The data was subjected to t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. T-test was applied to test the difference between two cases of her own child and another mother's child relating to her attribution to the behavior problem of the child and Person's correlation coefficient was estimated to test the relationship between her attribution and behavioral reaction. The result of this study is sumarized as follows : 1. It was shown that the mother's attribution to the behavior problem of the child is less serious when her child showed the behavior problem than when another child dose the problem while her attribution has an affective reaction to the behavior problem of the child. 2. The relationship between the mother's attribution and behavior reaction to the behavior problem of the child appeared variously in accordance with the attribution factor and behavior problem. Then the mother showed more attribution to stability while frequently ignoring the child.

  • PDF

요건공학을 통한 TRIZ 문제정의 (TRIZ Problem Definition through Requirements Engineering)

  • 정진하;박영원
    • 한국생산제조학회지
    • /
    • 제19권4호
    • /
    • pp.440-448
    • /
    • 2010
  • Recently, there are many corporations, schools and institutes that apply TRIZ to solve technical problems. However, in reality, only a few cases of brainstorming applications exist in utilizing forty principles of TRIZ due to the difficulty at TRIZ problem definition. In order to facilitate TRIZ applications, this study proposes the utilization of requirement definition and description tool of systems engineering in TRIZ problem definition. No requirement definition exists in general problem types that TRIZ approach is used in implementing system solution. At most of problem situations, TRIZ users reversely infer that certain problem belongs to which requirement definition it is and recommends TRIZ tools to be used for the exact problem definition. This study also proposes TRIZ problem definition method by applying the results of requirement definition process. The application of TRIZ is demonstrated to the general situation with no problem definition where the proposed method enables the proper use of TRIZ.

사회복지학과 재학생의 문제음주, 부모의 문제음주 영향 그리고 공동의존 (A Study on Problem Drinking and the influence of Parents' Problem Drinking and Codependency among Students in Dept. of Social Welfare.)

  • 김혜선
    • 사회복지연구
    • /
    • 제44권2호
    • /
    • pp.89-112
    • /
    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 사회복지학과 재학생들이 앞으로 사회복지현장에서 문제음주를 전문적으로 개입할 수 있는 역량을 마련할 수 있도록 재학생의 문제음주, 부모의 문제음주 영향 그리고 공동의존을 중심으로 기초자료를 제공하고자 했다. 이를 위해 2012년 11월22일부터 2012년 12월 12일까지 강원영동지역 4년제 대학교 사회복지학 재학생 303명을 대상으로 설문하여 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 연구 참여자의 음주율은 91.1%였고 문제음주(AUDIT의 국제기준 8점 이상)일 경우 평균 8.33점이었으며, 성별이 유의한 차이가 있었다. 연구 참여자의 부모 문제음주에 영향(6점 이상)을 받은 참여자는 전체의 1/3 정도였고, 가정 월평균 소득이 유의한 차이가 있었다. 연구 참여자의 공동의존은 평균 59.77점(가벼운 공동의존)이었으며, 가정의 월평균소득에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 공동의존은 부모의 문제음주 영향에 영향을 받고 있었다. 이 결과를 토대로 사회복지학과 재학생의 문제음주 대처 역량을 마련하기 위한 제언을 하였다.