• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.25-53
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to provide basic data for policy of Oriental medicine by analyzing community residents' consciousness of taking herb medicine and its related factors. Data were collected from 1478 residents from March 2, 1999 to May 31, 1999. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 52.3% of the subjects was 'female'; 25.0% 'fifties of age'; 21.4% 'forties of age'; 20.9% 'thirties of ages'; 69.1% 'married'; 60.1% 'resident in a big city'; 12.1% 'residents in a small town or village'; 39.0% 'highschool graduate'; 35.9% 'above college graduate'; 23.4% 'housewife'; 23.4% 'professional' 34.1% 'Buddhist'; 81.1% 'middle class'. 2. The rate of experience of taking herb medicine was 85.2%(88.2% of 'male'; 82.5% of 'female'). It appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'the married', 'housewife', and 'Buddhist'. As the age increased, so the rate of experience of taking herb medicine was significantly high. 3. In case of purpose of taking herb medicine, taking herb medicine as a restorative(66.8%) was much higher than taking it as a curative medicine. Taking herb medicine as a curative medicine appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'thirties of age', 'resident in a town or village', 'above college graduate', 'professional technician', 'Christian', and 'the upper class'. 4. 52.1% of the respondents satisfied with the effect of herb medicine. The groups of 'male', 'older age', 'residents in a big city', 'insurant in company', and 'the employed' showed significantly high rate in satisfying with herb medicine than the other groups. 5. According to the reason for preferring herb medicine, 36.7% of the respondents preferred herb medicine because the herb medicine was effective, while 27.8% preferred it because its side effect was low. 16.7% preferred it. because persons around them recommended it. The preference for the herb medicine displayed significantly higher rate in the groups 'sixties of age', 'the unmarried', 'resident in a big city', 'office clerk', and 'the lower class'. 6. 42.6% of the respondents did not want to take the herb medicine because the price of the herb medicine was high. Also 20.6% of the respondents did not want to take herb medicine because it is uneasy to take herb medicine. 15.8% did not want to take it because certain foods should not be taken during the period of taking it. 9.4% did not want to take it because it tasted bitter. 7. In case of opinions on side effects of herb medicine, 40.8% of the respondents thinks that herb medicine is free from side effects, while 37.5% thinks that it causes side effects. There were significant difference in the opinions on side effects by sex, age, marital status, resident area, education level, occupation, and type of health insurance. 8. 60.7% of the respondents thinks the price of herb medicine is not resonable, while only 10.9% thinks it is resonable. 9. 14.2% of the respondents thinks health foods which contain herbs are good, while 16.8% thinks it is bad. 76.7% thinks that medicinal herbs in packages must be included in health insurance coverage, while only 3.0% thinks it needs not be included in health insurance coverage. 10. 45.2% of the respondents uses packs of decocted herbs although they think the packs of decocted herb are a little low effective because decocting herbs in home is bothersome. 45.2% uses packs of decocted herbs because they are convenient, being not related to the effect. 7.6% takes medicinal herbs after decocting them in a clay pot because they think the packs of decocted herbs have low effect. 11. According to the level of satisfaction with Oriental medical care, the respondents marked $3.47{\pm}0.64$ points on the base of 5 points. It was significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'the married, resident in a big city', 'highschool graduate', 'the unemployed', 'office clerk', 'growing up in a big city', 'insurant in region', and 'the middle class'. 12. According to the result of a regression analysis of factors influencing preference for herb medicine, the factors displayed significant difference by sex, age, education level, health status, and times of receiving Oriental medical care. As shown in the above results, the community residents satisfy with the effect of herb medicine. Therefore, the method of taking herb medicine without difficulty must be devised. The medicinal herbs in packages need to be included in health insurance coverage and resonable price of herb medicine must be set. Also, education program for community residents must be developed in order to provide right information in herb medicine. Therefore, related public authority, associations, and professionals must make efforts, forming organic cooperative system.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
• /
• 제33권46호
• /
• pp.288.1-288.12
• /
• 2018

Background: Diarrheal and intestinal infectious disease caused by inadequate drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is not only a great concern in developing countries but also a problem in low-income populations and rural areas in developed countries. In this study, we assessed the exposure to inadequate WASH in Korea and estimated the burden of disease attributable to inadequate WASH. Methods: We used observational data on water supply, drinking water, sewage treatment rate, and hand washing to assess inadequate WASH conditions in Korea, and estimated the level of exposure in the entire population. The disease burden was estimated by applying the cause of death data from death registry and the morbidity data from the national health insurance to the population attributable fraction (PAF) for the disease caused by inappropriate WASH. Results: In 2013, 1.4% of the population were exposed to inadequate drinking water, and 1.0% were living in areas where sewerage was not connected. The frequency of handwashing with soap after contact with excreta was 23.5%. The PAF due to inadequate WASH as a cluster of risk factors was 0.353 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.275-0.417), among which over 90% were attributable to hand hygiene factors that were significantly worse than those in American and European high-income countries. Conclusion: The level of hand hygiene in Korea has yet to be improved to the extent that it shows a significant difference compared to other high-income countries. Therefore, improving the current situation in Korea requires a continuous hand washing campaign and a program aimed at all people. In addition, continuous policy intervention for improvement of sewage treatment facilities in rural areas is required, and water quality control monitoring should be continuously carried out.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.568-583
• /
• 1994

In the changing social and economic conditions, reorientation of the health care system is a process of rearranging health care resources keeping in mind the appropriativeness, relevancy, and efficacy of health care programs. Also it has been recognized recently that the CHP program is in need of review for the same reasons, that is to say, the ease in which health care facilities are available, the high rate of coverage with insurance and the development of an effective transportation system. Therefore there is a social inclination to think that there are no remote areas and to question the roles of public health facilities, health centers, health sub centers and CHP posts. This paper was done to review problems and to propose new directions for the CHP system. The findings of this study are as follows ; 1) It is necessary that primary health care should be simplified into three parts, medical treatment, preventive care services and the organization of administration and logistics. Also each department should be supplemented with the appropriate professional personnel in order to develop a task oriented system. The reorientation of the CHP system should be managed in keeping with that of other public health care systems. Therefore it is necessary to look at the CHP system problems as one aspect of the reorientation process of public health care systems, and to work to find new ways to address these problems. 2) The location of the CHP post should be decided by the needs of the community in both the medical and preventive areas. If the people have a minimum need, the location of the CHP post should be altered and the existing roles of the CHP should be modified to allow for flexibility according to the community needs. 3) Use of the problem solving method in regular team meetings will prove to be as efficient as continuing education programs in improving job competancy. 4) The supervision of CHP's activities should be made by the same type professional personnel, that is, senior CHPs or charge nurses in the public health center at the county level. 5) The operational expensies of CHP post should be supported by the administrative department of the public health center and should create working conditions that will allow the CHP to concentrate on community health service programs. 6) The organizations for community participation, working committees, community health workers and a number of the local assembly, should be activated to provide for participation in finding solutions to health related problems in the com-munity.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 2022

이 연구는 농업인들의 업무상 재해 예방 인식을 조사하고자 실시하였다. 연구 방법으로는 질적연구방법 중 하나인 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 하였고 이를 위해 대상자는 일개 광역시도의 농업인 단체 중 연구에 동의한 회원이다. 인터뷰 참여자는 5개 단체의 18명이 었다. 연구 결과 농업인들이 제공받은 업무상 질병 예방 관리 서비스는 현재 주로 기존의 다른 교육시 포함하여 진행하는 것이 많았으며 그마저도 본인이 하고있는 농작업과 관련성이 적어 실효성이 낮았다. 안전교육에 대한 참여에 강제성이 있으면 좋겠다는 응답이 있었고, 참여시 인센티브 나아가서 인증제를 도입하는 것을 고려해 보아야 할 것이다. 농업인의 업무상 질병 관리를 위한 것 중, 예방, 진단, 치료, 보상 분야 등으로 구분하였을 때, 먼저 필요한 것은 진단, 치료를 위한 병원 지정(농업인 업무상 재해를 진료할 수 있는 병원)과 농업인 안전 보험의 보상 내용의 실질화를 요구하였다. 즉 예방에 대해서는 실천의 어려움 그리고 단기 효과의 부재 등을 이유로 중요성에 비해 요구도는 오히려 낮았다. 가장 우선하여 예방을 시행해야 하는 업무상 질병의 종류는 근골격계질환, 농약 중독 관련 질환(심혈관질환, 호흡기질환), 우울증과 같은 정신과 질환, 알레르기 질환 등 다양하게 응답하였을 하였다. 그런데 이는 농작업 시 본인들이 느끼는 유해인자에 따른 결과이었을 것이다. 그리고 업무상 질병을 진단받은 농업인 환자를 위해서는 농업인 안전 보험 강화라고 하였다. 농업을 안전하고도 건강하게 발전시키기 위해서는 농업인의 업무상 재해를 예방하고 관리하는 것이 필요하며, 농업인들의 문화, 경제적 장벽 해소 그리고 우리나라 농작업 특성을 고려한 사업이 개발되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.365-369
• /
• 2008

This study analyzed the incidence of wound infection after the operation of mandibular third molar extraction in relation with antibiotic prophylaxis with the object of young and healthy patients. The study object was 1,177 mandibular third molars of 850 men of 20 to 25 years old without any specific systemic disease. Three methods of preventive antibiotic medication were selected according to the preventive antibiotic medication previously reported; three experimental groups were selected based on them, and the antibiotic used was amoxicillin($^{(R)}Kymoxin$, Yuhanyanghaeng, Seoul). The group 1 includes the patients that took the antibiotic orally before the operation(one hour earlier, 500mg) and for three days after the operation(250mg per time, three times/day), the group 2 is the ones that took the same antibiotic orally only once about one hour before the operation(500mg), and the group 3 did not take any antibiotics before and after the operation. And to compare the difficulties and the degrees of extraction during operations which can be possibly related to the wound infection after the operations, the mandibular third molars' impacted depths and extraction methods were investigated as well. To check if the wound was infected, observations with an internal of one week were performed twice after the operation, and the meaningfulness of the infection incidence was verified through Chi-square test using SPSS program(SPSS Inc., IL, USA). There was no statistically significant difference between the antibiotic medication methods and the wound infection incidence after the operation among the experimental groups. As examining the relations between the mandibular third molar operation methods and the wound infection incidence after the operation, there existed a statistically meaningful difference in the infection incidence according to the operation methods(p=0.020). And there was no statistically significant difference in the wound infection incidence according to the impacted depth of the mandibular third molar. Therefore, it is thought that there exists little necessity of prophylatic antibiotics medication when extracting the mandibular third molar of young and healthy men without any systemic disease in general; however, in case when it is expected that the possibility of infection will be high or the wound on the tissue will be severe, it is sure that the prophylactic antibiotics medication will be necessary.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.21-40
• /
• 1999

One Diagnosis Related Group(DRG) pilot study participating hospital was measured and analyzed to see if there were any changes after the DRG program. It was implemented in consideration of medical service utilization, hospital charges, and non-covered medical service charges by insurance in all Cesarean section cases by reviewing medical records for 3 years, including 1 year before pilot study as well as 1 and 2 years after, respectively. The results were as follows: First, the use of intramuscular antibiotics decreased statistically significantly, whereas intravenous use did not. Second, the administration period and charges of antianemic medication decreased significantly, where the prescription was appropriate. Third, the length of hospital stay decreased statistically significantly. Fourth, there were significant statistical differences in cost sharing between the insured and the insurer: cost sharing of the insured was reduced, whereas the share of the insurer increased. However, there was no change in the quality of care. Fifth, there were no statistically significant changes in the Cesarean section rate. As a result, if the fee schedule is reasonably high, hospitals can provide quality care. This DRG pilot study resulted expected outcomes: by paying a higher fee schedule than fee-for-service, then hospitals can provide quality care to their patients and increase hospital profits.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2016

Objectives : This study is to research on usage patterns, recognition of system to Korean medicine among high school students who are the potential future medical consumer. Methods : Based on the questionnaire used by KIHASA(Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs) in 2011 and KHIDI(Korea Health Industry Development Institute) in 2014, modifications were made to make questionnaire more suitable for this research. This self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 1,025 highschool students of 3 high schools in Ulsan city on september, 2015. Except 19 cases which considered statistically insignificant or with unreliable responses, 1,007 cases were analyzed by p-paired test and ANOVA test through the SPSS 22.0 for Win program. Results : Most of the high school students(66.5%) do not have an experience on Korean medical care. The number of students' first experience on Korean medical care is the largest during their elementary school (34.9%), which means the treatment was mostly for restorative reasons like growth care. The later the time of their first experience on Korean medical care, the higher ratio was shown on their recent utilization of Korean medical care. Korean medicine was rarely covered in most cases of public health education at school, and this public health education and usage pattern on Korean medicine have positive correlation. Compared 'Group who have used Korean medical care in 1 years except recent 3 months' to the 'Group who have used Korean medical care in 3 recent months', the former showed higher recognition in Korean medical care and insurance system. Conclusions : The proportion of Korean medicine is as low as 4.5% to whole medical market, and most of the consumers are senior. In addition, the aging phenomenon of Korean medical consumer have been continued. This specialized study on usage patterns and recognition among youth can be the basic research data which can be used for promotion, education and establishment of health policy and health care system.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.196-205
• /
• 2008

목적: 본 연구는 현재 호스피스완화의료 기관의 인력 및 시설, 제공서비스 등이 말기 암환자 전문의료기관 지정 기준에 부합하는 정도를 조사하고 분석하여 향후 정책수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 방법: 자료는 2007년 10월부터 12월까지 수집되었으며 설문내용으로는 호스피스 완화의료 기관의 일반현황, 인력현황, 시설현황, 장비현황, 호스피스 서비스 운영현황 등을 포함하였다. 총 62개 의료기관이 응답하였다. 결과: 전체 62개 기관 가운데 42개 기관이 종합병원 이상인데 비하여 의원의 경우 9개 기관에서 호스피스를 제공하고 있었다. 호스피스 의료기관은 수도권 지역 위주로 분포하고 있어 지역적인 불균형 공급을 보이고 있다. 의사의 경우 환자 10명당 1인의 의사를 갖추고 있는 기관은 종합병원 이상(80.0%)인데 비하여 의원의 경우 이 기준을 충족하는 비율은 낮았다(42.9%). 간호사의 경우 호스피스 간호를 위해 필요한 조건인 환자 1.5 명당 1인의 기준에 충족하는 기관은 의원급(71.4%)이 종합병원 이상의 기관(65.0%), 병원(50.0%)에 비해 높게 나타났다. 호스피스 지원기관의 기준에 해당하는 1병실 4인 기준을 충족하는 기관은 전체 62개 기관에서 14개 기관으로 22.6%를 차지하고 있었다. 호스피스 환자들을 위한 특수요법의 경우는 의원급(66.7%), 병동 및 독립형(64.9%), 지원 사업 기관(73.9%)일수록 2개 이상의 특수요법을 실시하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 임종 및 사별관리 프로그램에 해당하는 임종관리, 장례준비, 유가족지지모임, 사별가족 관리 프로그램을 실시하는 기관의 비율이 높았으며, 의원급, 병동 및 독립형, 지원 사업 수록 실시율이 높게 나타났다. 팀 인력에 대한 교육은 의원급(55.6%), 병동형 및 독립형(55.8%), 지원기관(65.2%) 이 상대적으로 높은 비율로 시행하고 있었다. 현재 가정 호스피스 서비스를 운영하고 있는 곳은 절반 수준인 32개(51.6%) 기관으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 확인한 것은 호스피스 기관을 양적으로 확대하는 것과 함께 지역적인 분포를 동시에 고려하는 것이 필요하다는 점과 아직도 호스피스 지원 기관의 인력, 시설 수준을 충족하지 못하는 비율이 높다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 호스피스 기관의 종별 특성에 따라 인력 및 시설 확보 수준, 프로그램 운영에 차이가 있으므로 시설의 특성을 고려한 개선 방안을 고려하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.319-325
• /
• 1974

A study on the status of sickness and medical care of insured and non-insured groups of employee and his family in Naju fertilizer company, in the year of 1973, was carried out. The results obtained are as follows: 1. 66.8% of all employee was subscribed in this medical insurance program. No woman employee was subscribed and the rate of subscription was increased from 16.1% to 92.0% by age increases. 2. Also, as of period of service, the rate of subscription was increased from 11.3% to 89.4% by the period gets longer. 3. Employee who reside within boundary of the company (76.2%) subscribed more than that whom reside outside boundary (63.9%). 4. Rate of subscription was also indreased by family size becomes larger. In case of single, it was only 19.6% but in the case of family size became more than 6, it increased to 87.4%, 5. As of amount of monthly income, although no one had subscribed those who get less than 30,000 won a month. Subscriber, increased by monthly income get greater. 6. Subscribed family reside within company boundary utilized hospital 35.5 times a year whereas non-subscribed family reside within these utilized 12.5 times. And, subscribed family reside outside boundary utilized hospital 32.2 times a year and non-subscribed family utilized 9.6 times. Regardless of resident area, family who subscribed to this program utilized hospital more often than non-subscribed family. 7. The utilization of the hospital became gradually frequent from 15.6 times to 36.5 times per family by family size became larger. but in non-subscribed group, although it was increased from 8.3 times to 16.5 times per family, it was droped to the least 6.9 times at 2 person family. 8. 17,496 hospital visits were made by all employee and his family in the year 1973. 86.9% of them was made by subscribed group and the rest (13.1%) was made by non-subscribed group. Observing of the type of these sickness by the classification of WHO, only three types of VII (26.7%), XVII (25.0%) and IX(19.3%) were made more often by non-subscribed group while the others were made more by subscribed group. 9. Anual average medical expenditure per family was 13,098.9 won for subscribed family while it was 3,076.1 won for non-subscribed family. 10. Anual average hospital visits per capita was 6.5 times for subscribed groups and 3.4 times for non-subscribed group. Anual average medical expenditure per capita was 2,580.8 won for subscribed group while it was 1,061.0 won for non-subscribed one.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2007

It was not until 1975 that cancer registration was initiated in Korea; voluntary registration of cancer patients of training hospitals throughout the country began under the auspices of the Korean Cancer Society(KCS). However, an official cancer registration, the Korea Central Cancer Registry(KCCR), began on July 1st, 1980. Forty-five training and two non-training hospitals throughout the country initiated registration of patients in whom neoplasms had been found. Data related to case information specified are to be sent to the KCCR at the National Medical Center(it moved at National Cancer Center in 2000). The initial cancer registration of KCS was merged to the KCCR in 1980. Although the KCCR covers most all the large training hospitals in Korea, it cannot provide incidence data. It is, however, the only of its kind in the world, being neither hospital nor population based. The first population based cancer registry(PBCR) was launched in a small county, Kangwha(it has around 80,000 inhabitants), by Yonsei University Medical College in 1983. All data were collected by active methods, and incidence statistics for 1986-1992 appeared in Vol VII of the CI5. Another PBCR, Seoul Cancer Registry(SCR), started in 1991. It was supported by a civilian foundation, the Korean Foundation for Cancer Research. The basic idea of case registration of SCR was the incorporation of KCCR data to PBCR, e. g. dual sources of case registration, i.e., from the KCCR and also including cases diagnosed in small hospitals and other medical facilities. Assessing completeness and validity of case registration of SCR, the program and methodology used by the SCR was later extended to other large cities and areas in Korea, and the PBCR in each area was established. Cancer incidence statistics of Seoul for 1993-1997, Busan for 1996-1997, and Daegu for 1997-1998, as well as Kangwha for 1993-1997, appeared eventually in Vol VIII of the CI5. The Korean or 'pillar' model for a PBCR is a new one. The KCCR data file is a reliable basis, as a pillar, for a PBCR in each area. The main framework of the model for such a registry is the incorporation of a KCCR data file with data from additionally surveyed cases; the data related to cancer deaths, medical insurance claims, and visit-and surveillance of non-KCCR medical facilities. Cancer registration has been adopted as a national cancer control program by Korean government in 2004 as the Anti-Cancer Act was enacted. Since then, some officers have tried to launch a nation-wide PBCR covering whole country. In the meantime, however, cancer registration was interrupted and discontinued for years due to the Privacy Protection Law, which was solved by an amendment of the Anti-Cancer Act in 2006. It would be premature to establish the nation-wide PBCR in Korea. Instead, continuous efforts to improve the completeness of registration of the KCCR, to progress existing PBCRs, and to expand PBCRs over other areas are still to be devoted. The nation-wide PBCR in Korea will be established eventually with summation of the PBCRs of the Korean model.